基于数值波浪水池的波浪中船舶水动力计算

此文基于CFD方法建立了数值波浪水池,模拟了波浪的生成和传播,并对规则波浪中航行船舶的水动力进行了计算研究.文中讨论了适合船舶在波浪中航行的数值模拟的波浪环境表达,验证了参考坐标系下数值波浪水池中波浪生成和传播及消波等,模拟计算了多个航速项浪与斜浪航行的约束Wigley-Ⅲ船模的水动力以及项浪中航行船舶的波浪增阻.计算结果与DUT(Delft University of Technology)的试验数据及势流理论的结果吻合良好.对比和研究表明,本文的方法能细致描述船舶周围的流场,且比实验更易实现和控制,在船舶的水动力性能分析和运动预报等方面具有广阔的应用前景.     

时域格林函数法求解有航速船舶运动问题

准确预报波浪诱导运动和载荷响应在船舶设计中起着重要作用。该文基于三维时域Green函数法,应用改进的精细积分算法实现Green函数的精确数值计算,在此基础上,自主开发了船舶以定常航速在规则波中运动的三维时域数值模拟程序。为了验证理论方法及算法程序的可靠性,对Wigley型船在迎浪规则波中航行时的波浪力和运动响应进行了数值模拟,通过与试验值及频域计算结果的对比发现,三维时域数值模拟程序是稳定且可靠的,可用于解决有航速船舶在波浪中的微幅摇荡运动问题。     

三体船在斜浪规则波中运动响应预报方法研究

对于三体船在波浪中的水动力预报,航速效应和主体与片体间水动力干扰效应是水动力载荷合理预报的关键之处,需合理考虑.二维半势流理论可较为准确反映上述效应,已在三体船顶浪中垂向运动响应理论预报上获得了较为满意的结果.在此基础上,该文探讨了该方法在三体船斜浪中运动特别是横摇预报上的应用.为较准确获得三体船横摇运动时粘性阻尼贡献,采用三体船模静水中自由横摇衰减试验获得了自由横摇运动衰减曲线,并经能量法处理获得了船舶横摇阻尼系数.然后,结合二维半理论,获得了三体船运动数值解.数值解与斜浪规则波中运动响应模型试验结果符合较好,反映本文所采用的数值方法可较好地预测三体船斜浪中水动力载荷和运动,可用于三体船在波浪中耐波性评估.     

用有限元法计算船舶流体动力

本文利用有限元法计算了船舶运动的流体动力系数,包括附加质量,阻尼以及波浪干扰力。计算是在二维情况下进行的,利用现有的切片理论可以直接计算船舶运动。为了更好拟合二维船型的曲线边界,本文采用了八个节点的等参单元。计算结果与有关理论和实验做了比较,精度是满意的。     

考虑短波增阻的船舶失速系数(fw)计算方法研究

该文针对船舶失速系数 fw 计算的难点,深入研究了波浪增阻计算方法,在考虑了船舶运动引起增阻和船体反射波引起增阻的基础上,进一步研究了 fw 的计算方法并开发了相应的计算软件.利用此方法计算了两条船的波浪增阻和 fw,并与试验结果进行了比较,结果表明采用该方法计算的结果与试验值吻合较好.     

流体黏性对迎浪航行船舶运动和波浪增阻的影响

对在规则波中迎浪航行的大型油轮KVLCC2船模,为了研究流体黏性对船舶运动和水动力的影响,分别采用求解RANS方程和求解欧拉方程的方法,应用CFD软件STAR-CCM+对黏性流场和无黏流场进行了数值模拟。采用GCI方法对数值不确定度进行了分析,验证了数值方法的有效性;采用湍流模型和无黏流模型对船舶在一系列波长的波浪中的运动和水动力进行了数值预报,并将数值结果与现有实验数据进行了比较。结果表明,流体黏性对船舶运动影响很小,对共振状态附近的波浪增阻有一定的影响。总体上,对船舶迎浪航行流场的数值模拟,忽略黏性能保证一定的计算精度而提高计算效率。     

数值波浪水池中航行船舶辐射问题的数值模拟

基于CFD方法,建立了数值波浪水池,就Wigley-Ⅲ船模在不同航速下摇荡运动辐射问题进行了数值模拟,给出了一种求解航行船舶辐射运动的水动力系数的方法.计算分析了船体相关模态运动的附加质量与阻尼,与势流理论结果、DUT(Delft University of Technology)的试验数据进行了比较,吻合良好.对比和研究表明,本文的方法比实验更易实现和控制,能细致描述船舶周围的流场,在船舶水动力性能的分析预报等方面具有广阔的应用前景.     

大型潜体非线性波浪力的二维有限元分析方法

设入射波为Stokes二阶波,对垂直平面二维问题,给出了二阶散射波的远场渐近解和辐射边界条件。用有限元——有限距离辐射边界法,设计了适用于大型潜体非线性波浪力计算的通用程序“NWF_2”,计算了海底半圆柱上的非线性波浪力。     

船舶在波浪中大幅度运动的工程算法

本文基于切片理论，计入船体运动时湿表面及其对船体流体动力性能的影响，提出了一种船舶在波浪中大幅度运动的工程估算方法，并通过对一系列６０船型计算，考虑了船舶在迎流中大幅度运动昱的运动特性、与波面的相对运动和船体瞬时受力。这一方法简单实用，对船舶方案设计有积极的意义。     

波浪辐射应力对风暴增水的影响研究

波浪辐射应力引起的增水是风暴增水的重要组成部分,研究台风过程中波浪辐射应力在风暴增水中的作用对于准确预报风暴潮有十分重要的意义。选用藤田台风模型模拟台风场,采用SWAN模型模拟台风浪以及辐射应力,应用垂向积分的二维数学模型ADCIRC计算风暴潮。首先模拟理想地形条件下,规则波和不规则波斜向岸边入射过程中的波浪变化,研究波高、波浪辐射应力和增水的沿程分布特征;然后计算了台风Winnie过程中浙江沿海的波浪情况,通过计算得到了波浪辐射应力增减水的空间分布特征和随时间的变化趋势,并分析了其对风暴增水的影响。     

Effect of internal sloshing on added resistance of ship

The motion responses of ships carrying liquid cargo are affected not only by external wave excitation, but also by internal sloshing-induced forces and moments. Sloshing flow is coupled with the ship motion. This means the added resistance in waves may change when sloshing occurs inside the tank of the ship. In this study, the motion responses and added resistance of a ship, coupled with the sloshing-induced internal forces and moments are considered by using the linear potential theory. The three-dimensional Rankine panel method, in which the physical quantities are represented by using B-spline basis function, is applied. The sloshing flow of inner tanks is also simulated by using the Rankine panel method and linearized boundary value problem. To study the added resistance, a near-field method, which integrates the second-order pressure on a body surface, is applied. The model ship is a blunt modified Wigley model with two inner tanks. Numerical results obtained without inner tanks are compared with the experimental data, and then the effect of filling ratio of inner tanks on ship motion and added resistance are observed. The components that induce added resistance are examined, and the effects of surge motion on sloshing flow and added resistance are briefly considered. This study shows that the sloshing flow inside the inner tanks may significantly influence not only the motion responses, but also added resistance, especially, when the incident wave frequency approaches the resonance frequency of the sloshing flow.     

SIMULATION OF TANK SLOSHING BASED ON OPENFOAM AND COUPLING WITH SHIP MOTIONS IN TIME DOMAIN

Tank sloshing in ship cargo is excited by ship motions, which induces impact load on tank wall and then affects the ship motion. Wave forces acting on ship hull and the retardation function are solved by using three-dimensional frequency domain theory and an impulse response function method based on the potential flow theory, and global ship motion is examined coupling with nonlinear tank sloshing which is simulated by viscous flow theory. Based on the open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) development platform Open Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM), numerical calculation of ship motion coupled with tank sloshing is achieved and the corresponding numerical simulation and validation are carried out. With this method, the interactions of wave, ship body and tank sloshing are completely taken into consideration. This method has quite high efficiency for it takes advantage of potential flow theory for outer flow field and viscous flow theory for inside tank sloshing respectively. The numerical and experimental results of the ship motion agree well with each other.     

一种基于CFD的船舶总阻力预报方法

根据船体阻力成因和预报方法的讨论分析,提出了基于CFD理论计算进行实船阻力预报的一种新方法,基于黏性流理论对叠模求解以获得船体黏性阻力,基于理想流体理论直接求解Euler方程获得船体兴波阻力。通过对系列60船型与KCS船型在各航速下船体阻力计算和试验结果的比较表明,该方法计算速度快,经济性好,预报精度满足工程需要,有较强的工程实用性。     

波浪作用下系泊船舶运动计算

港内船舶泊稳条件是港口设计中的一个决定因素。但到目前为止，国内外港口工程设计规范对港内泊稳标准无统一规定。由于波浪引起的船舶运动与波周期、波高及船舶频率响应特性等因素密切相关，因此不能单一地以波高或船舶运动量作为泊稳标准。本文讨论了将STF（Salvesen—Tuck—Faltinsen）法与简单格林函数法结合汁算透空式码头前的船舶运动特性，试图为此问题提供一种解决工具。与其它文献、试验数据的比较表明，本文计算值吻合良好。     

船舶在长峰和短峰不规则波中运动的三维时域数值模拟

船舶在真实海况中的航行性能越来越受到重视。此文在规则波中航行船舶运动的时域预报方法的基础上,发展了长峰和短峰不规则波的数值模拟技术,建立了航行船舶在长峰和短峰不规则波中运动的三维时域数值模拟方法,并应用该方法对一条10万吨油轮进行了数值模拟研究,计算了该油轮在长峰不规则波中的运动响应。试验和计算结果表明此文方法有一定的精度。最后还对该油轮进行了短峰不规则波中运动的数值模拟。长峰和短峰不规则波中的计算结果比较表明短峰不规则波对该油轮运动可产生较大影响。     

高速船甲板上浪的水体流动与冲击

针对高速船舶的甲板上浪,综合考虑船体外飘、船艏波面升高、波浪传播与船体运动等相关因素的影响,采用势流理论计算和CFD技术相结合的方法,建立了计入整船运动的船艏上浪计算模型,计算模拟并分析了甲板上水体流动形态及其对甲板结构的冲击作用。计算中船体运动通过势流理论给定,势流理论计算通过用户自定义函数嵌入Fluent软件,并通过二次开发实现了上浪现象的模拟。文中就迎浪状态下高速行驶的S175船甲板上浪进行了三维数值模拟研究,结果表明甲板上水体的流动及其对结构物的冲击载荷与试验吻合良好,该方法能够对上浪机理给出较为清晰的描述,能够分析预报甲板上浪对浮体结构物的破坏作用,为工程应用提供了良好的方法和途径。     

EVALUATION OF ADDED RESISTANCE OF KVLCC2 IN SHORT WAVES

The added resistance of KVLCC2 in short and regular head waves has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Model tests are performed to determine how well the asymptotic formula (Faltinsen et al. 1980) predicts the typical level of added resistance in short waves. Because the asymptotic formula neglects the effects of ship motions, it is combined with theoretical methods to calculate the added resistance in long waves using an function to predict the added resistance in the intermediate wavelength region where both ship motions and wave reflection are important. A unique feature of this experiment is that the ship model is divided into three segments to explore the added resistance distribution with respect to hull segment. This paper discusses the sensitivity of experimental results to the quality of the incident regular head waves. Moreover, a novel procedure for analyzing added resistance is described. Finally, the experimentally determined added resistance of KVLCC2 is compared with theoretical results. It is shown that the added resistance from the combined theoretical methods agrees well with experimental results in both the intermediate and short wave regions. The use of hull segments shows that added resistance is concentrated primarily at the bow.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF WAVE-INDUCED SHIP MOTIONS IN TIME DOMAIN BY A RANKINE PANEL METHOD

A time domain prediction of wave-induced ship motions by a Rankine panel method is investigated. Linear boundary conditions on free surface and mean wetted body surface are adopted, while the numerical damping method is used for the radiation conditions. The motions of two ships in regular head waves are computed by the present method. The related numerical results are compared with the experiment data and those from linear strip theory. The comparison shows satisfactory agreements for pitch and heave transfer functions.     

多体船型在静水中的兴波阻力研究

该文利用Michell线性兴波理论,从单体船的波谱函数出发,依据波谱函数的可叠加性推广到多体船,推导了单体船、双体船、三体船、四体船以及五体船的兴波阻力计算公式,给出了各种多体船型兴波干扰成分的研究,并将相关船型的阻力计算结果与试验结果进行了对比,比较表明计算的兴波阻力结果可以反映试验趋势,有效功率比较接近于试验结果,可以为方案论证阶段多体船的方案选优提供依据.