黄河大柳树—沙坡头河段典型弯道水流运动平面二维数值模拟

建立了适体坐标系下的平面二维紊流水流数学模型,对黄河在宁夏回族自治区中卫市境内的大柳树—沙坡头河段典型弯道的水流运动进行数值模拟。为了反映弯道环流的影响,对动量方程进行修正,紊流模型采用修正的RNGk-ε模型。通过对黄河大柳树—沙坡头河段连续弯道水流运动数值计算结果与实测结果的对比分析,表明该模型能够准确地模拟具有复杂地形的天然河流弯道中的水流运动。利用所建立的模型计算了4种典型工况下水面的纵比降和横比降,得到一些有益的结论。     

用正交曲线网格及“冻结”法计算河道流速场

本文采用边界拟合正交曲线网格,来克服天然河道边界形状复杂及长宽比相差悬殊所带来的困难。在数值求解过程中介绍了用“冻结”技巧来处理动边界,使动边界计算问题简化成固定边界。本文在前人的弯道研究基础上对变换后的基本方程式作了修正,修正后的方程式可以考虑弯道水面横比降所引起的环流对垂线平均流速的影响。     

丁坝对弯道水流水力特性影响的研究

针对丁坝对弯道水流水力特性影响的问题,建立了相应的概化模型,通过数值模拟的方法,利用RNG k-湍流模型封闭Reynods方程,VOF法追踪自由表面,通过有限体积法离散求解,模拟研究了不同弯道中心角情况下,丁坝对弯道水流横向水面超高和流速场的影响。结果表明:在丁坝影响下,弯道水流水面横比降计算公式需要进行修正,应当考虑丁坝对河道的束窄、丁坝尺寸和弯道角度等综合因素的影响。     

弯道水流的两步隐式算法研究

采用优于SIMPLEC算法的两步隐式解法求解二维曲线坐标系下的浅水方程,建立了二维弯道水流数学模型。对流项采用二阶精度的Roe格式离散;物理变量采用适体坐标系下的同位网格布置,网格界面流速由动量插值法计算;紊动黏性系数由修正的k-ε模型确定。采用此模型对弯道内的水流流动进行了数值模拟,计算结果和实测数据吻合较好。     

汤河水库弯曲溢洪道流场数值模拟分析

依据RNGk-ε双方程紊流模型,并采用VOF方法追踪自由水面和笛卡尔网格法处理复杂几何边界,对汤河水库溢洪道弯道水流进行了三维数值模拟,得到不同流量下溢洪道弯道的自由水面线、压力分布以及流速等流场参数分布规律。     

泵站弯道引水渠水流流动特性影响分析

结合泵站弯道引水渠工程设计,应用大型商业软件建立弯道引水渠水流三维数学模型,基于CFD数值模拟技术,分析了该泵站弯道引水渠水流流动特性。根据该泵站弯道引水渠三维水流水动力学的计算成果可得知,在设计水位下,泵站弯道引水渠水流流线弯曲进入进水池,降低各个机组水流流速均匀性,降低机组工作效率;弯道引水渠曲率半径需要控制在一定范围内,可通过CFD数值模拟或水工模型试验确定最优曲率半径;弯道引水渠相对于顺直引水渠水力特性较差,非特殊情况,不宜采用;采用弯道引水渠,要延长引水渠顺直段,直至水流流态平稳,流线顺直。本文研究成果对采用弯道引水渠的泵站设计具有一定的参考价值。     

小半径大底坡溢洪道弯道水流三维流场数值计算分析

水利枢纽溢洪道设计过程中常遇到陡槽弯道水流问题,复杂的弯道水流流态直接影响建筑物的布置和运行安全,对溢洪道陡槽弯道水力特性的研究具有现实和理论意义.本文采用RNGk-ε双方程模型模拟紊流,流体体积分数法(VOF)追踪自由水面,笛卡尔自适应网格与部分面积体积障碍模拟法(FAVOR)处理复杂的几何边界,成功地对小半径、大底坡溢洪道陡槽弯道流场进行了三维紊流数值模拟,得到了自由水面、断面流速大小、分布和三维流场的分布规律,结果分析表明数值模拟与物理实验结果两者吻合较好.     

山区型河道治理中丁坝建设的影响分析

弯道水流是渠道和河道中常见的一种水流运动现象。山区型河道由于河道纵比降较大,洪峰陡起陡落,弯道水流流速较大,水流流态也较平原区弯道复杂。本文以苏子河羊祭台险工为例采用二维数学模型模拟丁坝建设前后弯道处及其上下游水流流速及流场变化,借以定性分析丁坝建设对山区型河道险工治理以及河道岸坡生态恢复的积极作用。     

大柳树一沙坡头河段泥沙运移二维数值模拟

黄河大柳树一沙坡头河段位于宁夏境内,是由5个弯道组成的连续弯道,具有较为复杂的地形特征.利用所建立的修正的平面二维RNG k-ε紊流泥沙数学模型,对该河段水流运动及泥沙运移进行了平面二维数值模拟研究.采用全沙模型,考虑不同粒径组悬移质和推移质运移对河床演变的影响.通过数值模拟结果与实测结果的对比分析,表明该模型能够模拟具有连续弯道的天然河流水流运动及泥沙运移过程;建立了一种关于泥沙数学模型中水流模块和泥沙模块的半耦合式算法,其计算量比耦合式算法较小,但计算精度比分离式算法较高.     

天然连续弯道中水流运动的三维数值模拟

为了研究天然河道中水流运动规律和河床演变及泥沙冲淤,建立了适体坐标下修正的紊流水流数学模 型. 采用有限体积法离散控制方程,并运用SIMPLEC 算法计算了黄河沙坡头河段连续弯道的三维水流流场,通 过实测资料对计算结果进行了对比分析. 结果表明,模型计算值与实测值吻合较好,反映了天然连续弯道水流 的基本特性,即水面的水质点向凹岸运动, 而近底的水质点向凸岸运动. 说明该模型可以用于模拟天然连续弯 道的水流运动.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF BED TOPOGRAPHY CHANGES INDUCED BY DEEP WATER NAVIGATION CHANNEL PROJECT IN THE YANGTZE ESTUARY

1 .　INTRODUCTIONWiththedevelopmentofindustriesintheYangtzeestuary ,moreandmoreprojects ,suchasportdevelopments ,waterwayconstruction ,landreclamationaswellascoastalprotectionworks,havebeenconductingintheestuary .Moredetailedknowledgeofthetidehydrodynamicsandsedimenttransportmechanisminthewaterisneededforconstructionandmanagementofthe projectsbe causeofthedifficultiesinmodelingthecharacter isticsoffinecohesivesedimentmovementandthecomplicatedflowsdrivenbyriverdischarge ,tide ,stormsurgeand…     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL DAM-BREAK FLOWS IN CURVED CHANNELS

Two-dimensional transient dam-break flows in a river with bends were theoretically studied. The river was modeled as a curved channel with a constant width and a flat bottom. The water was assumed to be an incompressible and homogeneous fluid. A channel-fitted orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system was established and the corresponding two-dimensional shallow-water equations were derived for this system. The governing equations with well-posed initial and boundary conditions were numerically solved in a rectangular domain by use of the Godunov-type finite-difference scheme, which can capture the hydraulic jump of dam-break flows. The comparison between the obtained numerical results and the experimental data of Miller and Chaudry in a semicircle channel shows the validity of the present numerical scheme. The mathematical model and the numerical method were applied to the dam-break flows in channels with various curvatures. Based on the numerical results, the influence of river curvatures on the dam-break flows was analyzed in details.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF 2D HORIZONTAL COOLING WATER DISCHARGE IN GENERALIZED CURVILINEAR COORDINATE

1. INTRODUCTIONResearch on the movement characteristics ofcooling water is a hot spot presently , which hasgreat significance to maintain the balance of eco-logical system. Mathematical models and physicalmodels are major means for this study .In recentyears , Chen[1 ,2]has presentsed a 2D horizontalmathematical model based on the hybrid methodand finite element mesh, Zhang[3]has provided afinite layer model for 2D thermal density flowinopen channel . Wu[4]has developped an unsteady2D h…     

非正交曲线坐标系平面二维电厂温排水模拟

结合河道水流及温排水的运动特性，从非正交曲线坐标系下温排水基本方程出发，采用有限体积法及SIMPLE算法离散求解方程，建立了基于非正交曲线坐标系下非交错网格的平面二维温排水数学模型．用该模型模拟天然河流电厂温排水运动的计算结果表明，该数学模型能合理反映河段电厂温排水运动。     

曲线坐标下三维水动力学生态综合模型的建立

为了获得高分辨率、高精度及快速的数值模拟计算成果，以便解决复杂边界的工程实际问题，本文研究了通用形式表示的湍流代数应力模型流动基本方程组在拟合坐标系中的转换。通过该模型方程组的转换，并结合具有生物化学作用过程的生态子模型，建立了曲线坐标下三维水动力学的生态综合模型，便于复杂边界工程问题的方程组求解及对未来情况的预测和评价。     

WATER WAVE SIMULATION IN CURVILINEAR COORDINATES USING A TIME-DEPENDENT MILD SLOPE EQUATION

The purpose of this article is to model the detailed progress of wave propagation in curvilinear coordinates with an effective time-dependent mild slope equation. This was achieved in the following approach, firstly deriving the numerical model of the equation, i.e., Copeland's hyperbolic mild-slope equation, in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates based on principal of coordinate transformation, and then finding the numerical solution of the transformed model by use of the Alternative Directions Implicit (ADI) method with a space-staggered grid. To test the curvilinear model, two cases of a channel with varying cross section and a semi-circular channel were studied with corresponding analytical solutions. The model was further investigated through a numerical simulation in Ponce de Leon Inlet, USA. Good agreement is reached and therefore, the use of the present model is valid to calculate the progress of wave propagation in areas with curved shorelines, nearshore breakwaters and other complicated geometries.     

Application of 2-D sediment model to fluctuating backwater area of Yangtze River

Based on the characteristics of backflow,a two-dimensional mathematical model of sediment movement was established.The complexity of the watercourse boundary at the confluence of the main stream and the tributary was dealt with using a boundary-fitting orthogonal coordinate system.The basic equation of the two-dimensional total sediment load model,the numerical calculation format,and key problems associated with using the orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system were discussed.Water and sediment flow in the Chongqing reach of the Yangtze River were simulated.The calculated water level,flow velocity distribution,amount of silting and scouring,and alluvial distribution are found to be in agreement with the measured data,which indicates that the numerical model and calculation method are reasonable.The model can be used for calculation of flow in a relatively complicated river network.     

水库坝前冲刷漏斗的三维数值模拟

本文采用三维水沙数学模型计算水库坝前冲刷漏斗,运用随机游动理论统计方法分析泥沙运动及淤积特性。针对冲刷漏斗和河床地形的几何形态比较复杂的特点,采用三维泊松方程对求解区域进行曲线贴体坐标变换,使曲线网格边界可以完全贴合在物理边界上,从而提高了计算精度。计算结果与大量实测结果相吻合,对工程实际有一定参考价值,为优选建筑物布置最佳方案提供设计依据。     

一般曲线坐标系平面二维水沙数学模型研究与应用

对笛卡尔坐标系下控制方程进行坐标变换,采用控制体积法与SIMPLE算法对方程进行离散和求解,建立了一般曲线坐标系平面二维全沙模型。模型控制方程离散时物理量布置采用同位网格,避免了采用交错网格时所需的大量插值计算,提高了计算效率。模型较全面地考虑了非均匀悬移质及推移质运动,具有较好的普遍适用性。通过长江沙市河段1996年至2001年实测水沙资料对模型进行了较系统的验证,计算结果表明模型能够较合理反映天然河道水沙运动及河床变形规律。