高密度电阻率法在防空洞探测中的应用

高密度电法在原理上属于电法勘探中电阻率法范畴，是在常规电法勘探基础上发展起来的一新的勘探方法，在工程勘探中，高密度电阻率法集电剖面和电测深于一体，既可以观测地下一定深度范围内的横向电性变化情况，又可以观测垂向电性的变化特征，与其它电法相比具有明显的优势，通过对防空洞的探测，表明高密度电阻率法在工程勘探中有着广泛的应用。     

高密度电阻率法和等值反磁通瞬变电磁法在岩溶勘察区中的综合应用

岩溶作为灰岩中一种常见的不良地质体病害,是由于地下水的长期侵蚀使灰岩中裂隙、破碎带更加发育,从而形成溶洞。在高速公路勘察中,岩溶往往对工程的安全性具有重大的影响,因此为了准确探测岩溶的发育方向、分布位置,根据岩溶与围岩的电性差异特征,使用高密度电阻率法与等值反磁通瞬变电磁法对岩溶路基进行勘察,实践表明这两种综合物探方法对岩溶的大小、分布范围、埋深具有很好的效果,对公路勘察具有重要的指导意义。     

高密度电法在广州市花都区祈福房地产土洞勘察中的应用

高密度电法属于一种比较新型的电阻率方法,该方法可以快速采集电阻率,同时实时处理现场数据,工作效率得到有效提升,转变了传统的电法工作模式。高密度电法融合了电剖面与电测深,利用高密度布点,对二维地电断面进行测量,具有数据量大和信息多的特征,此外该方法的观测速度比较快,精度也得到提升,能够有效的帮助我们寻找岩溶发育区域、断层构造带、破碎带以及划分电性差异较大介质界面。     

高密度电阻率法结合地震频率成像法在青海一里坪液体锂矿探测中的应用

青海一里坪盐湖赋存丰富的液体锂矿(晶间卤水),富卤水层地质构造复杂，需通过小范围勘探为矿区液体锂矿储量调查提供依据。高密度电阻率法适用于判断地下卤水与淡水，地震频率成像法可提供地下矿层的岩性特征。为兼顾成本与效率，联合两种方法对一里坪盐湖液体锂矿进行勘查，结果表明：根据地震频率成像法的反演图像可以明确研究区域的富水区和贫水区，进而推测卤水水位变化规律，获得岩体的破碎和节理发育特征；高密度电阻率法的外接电压取24～36 V为宜，富水层视电阻率为1～3Ω·m,贫水层视电阻率大于5Ω·m,基岩处的视电阻率在50Ω·m左右。在合理选取设备和工作参数的前提下，高密度电阻率法与地震频率成像法在卤水探测中的联合应用可以取得较好的效果。     

高密度电法在覆盖层厚度探测中的应用

高密度电阻率法是以岩、矿石的电性差异为基础,通过观测和研究人工建立的地下稳定电场的分布规律来解决矿产资源、环境和工程地质问题。通过探测场的参数变化获得电性局部差异,从而认识被测目标的一种勘探手段。本文阐述了高密度电阻率法测定覆盖层厚度的工作原理、方法及其数据的处理分析过程,并将其应用于工程实践。实例分析表明,该方法对测定覆盖层的厚度具有较好效果,且具有成本低、效率高、测试简便等优点,因此其在工程应用方面具有一定价值。     

高密度电阻率法在查明滑坡覆盖层厚度中的应用

高密度电阻率法由于具有效率高、探测深和精确度高的特点,已成为在水文和工程地质勘察中最有效的物探方法之一。本文简要的介绍了高密度电阻率法的工作原理,并着重分析了此方法在某工区查明滑坡覆盖层厚度中的应用实例,其结果取得了好的效果。     

高密度电法在四川省安谷水电站工程勘察中的应用

高密度电阻率法是近几年比较热门的一种物探工作方法,它排列形式多样、观测精度高、工作速度快,信息量大,是野外开展物探工作一项非常有效的方法。近年来高密度电法在地质分层、管线探测、采空区、滑坡调查、岩溶探测等方面有广泛的应用。本文结合四川省安谷水电站工程勘察实例介绍了工作区工程地质资料、高密度电法的原理,测线布置,野外数据采集和数据处理,以及成果解释,说明了高密度电法用于地质分层中具有较好的效果。     

高密度电阻率法在复杂岩溶区高速公路勘察中的应用

近年来,随着全国高速公路的迅猛发展,岩溶地质问题已成为高速公路建设中面临的主要地质问题之一。由于岩溶发育具有形态多样,分布无规律的特点,仅靠传统的钻探难以准确确定其发育情况。本文结合岩溶区高速公路勘察实例,运用高密度电阻率法对复杂岩溶区及溶洞探测效果进行分析与研究,对采集的原始数据进行反演分析,对反演成果进行解译,并利用钻探成果进行验证,查明了岩溶的发育规律。     

高密度电法在西南岩溶勘察中的应用

本文以黔(西)织(金)高速公路某岩溶发育区勘察为例,将高密度电法用于查明岩溶发育区的发育位置、空间几何形态及其充填状态。通过反演分析,视电阻率等值线图清晰地反映出岩溶发育区的发育位置、空间几何形态,充填状态。钻孔验证说明高密度电法是一种有效的岩溶勘探方法,尤其在勘探充填溶洞方面。     

高密度电阻率法在土壤污染监测中的应用

为探索高密度电阻率法在土壤污染监测中应用的可行性和适用性，在概述受污染土壤电阻率影响因素、变化趋势的基础上，对高密度电阻率法工作原理、操作流程及数据处理过程展开分析，并以一石油化工厂为例，应用此方法对厂内受石油烃类污染的土壤展开监测。分析过程及结果可为高密度电阻率法在土壤、地下水、环境等受污染程度监测中的推广应用提供借鉴参考。     

锑掺杂氧化锡包覆氧化硅导电粉的制备及电性能

以氧化硅粉体为载体,用非均匀成核法制备了锑掺杂氧化锡(antimony-doped tin oxide,ATO)包覆氧化硅导电粉.用电阻测试仪、场发射扫描电镜和能谱仪对粉体进行了表征.结果表明:包覆物加入量由二氧化硅用量的12.5%增加到100%时,包覆层厚度也从110 nm增加到600nm.ATO包覆氧化硅粉体的电阻率随处理温度升高的变化趋势与同条件下制备的ATO基本一致,其中包覆物加入量为100%,75%,50%的ATO包覆氧化硅粉在500～1200℃热处理后的电阻率低于200Ω·cm,1 100℃热处理后的25%包覆物加入量粉体的电阻率仅为99.9 Ω·cm.包覆物加入量为12.5%的包覆粉体的电阻率由1 100℃处理后的120.6 Ω·cm上升到1 200℃处理后的超过20 MQ·cm,这是因为包覆层较薄,在高温处理过程中包覆层上颗粒长大并收缩而使包覆层受到破坏.     

利用自然电位测井资料计算水淹层地层混合液电阻率

地层水电阻率是确定储层含油饱和度的一个关键参数。自然电位曲线可较好指示水淹后矿化度变化情况。通过自然电位进行厚度、吸附校正，根据效正后自然电位幅度计算地层水电阻率，可以直观分析水淹情况，并为饱和度准确计算奠定基础。     

Preparation and properties of anti-static coating on the 3Y-TZP ceramics

Anti-static coating on the 3Y-TZP ceramics was prepared through adding ZnO and SnO₂ to the glaze. Wettability and surface resistivity of the coating was studied. Dissolving, crystallization and distribution of ZnO and SnO₂ in the coating were analyzed. Static dissipative mechanism of the coating was explored. The results showed that the interface bonding and wetting between the coating and 3Y-TZP were perfect. The surface resistivity of the coating could be reduced to 10⁷ Ω/□. ZnO was helpful to improve the wettability of the coating and inhibit the crystallization of the SiO₂. ZnO and SnO₂ dissolved in the glaze and the semi-conductive composition rich melt layer around SnO₂ was formed. The melt layer contacted each other and the static dissipative network was established, which attributed to the anti-static properties of the coating.     

Temporal Characteristics of Desiccation Cracking and Resistivity of Lateritic Soil in Drying Process

To describe and measure the initiation and development of desiccation cracks in lateritic soil and to discuss the relationship between crack ratio and resistivity, three parallel specimens are prepared and dried under different temperatures and humidity. The geoelectrical resistivity technique combined with image processing method is applied. Water content, surface crack ratio, and electrical resistivity are monitored during the drying path. Results indicate that the calculated surface crack ratios can be identified on the basis of five distinct stages. The occurrence of the first crack in three specimens indicates that the first cracking time occurs earlier with increasing temperature and decreasing relative humidity. The time that crack ratios stabilize indicates that environmental parameters significantly influence crack evolution. The temporal characteristics of resistivity can also be identified on the basis of five distinct stages. The resistivity and crack ratio can be effectively described by a mathematical equation, which is considered as the basis for the use of the geoelectrical technique for the assessment of the temporal variability of soil desiccation cracking.     

彩南油田低阻油气层测井沉积模式及其成因分析

在彩南油田低阻油气层定义为电阻增大率(油层电阻率与水层电阻率之比)小于2的油气层,其油水层的测井信息差异小,含油饱和度小于50%,试油时却产纯油气,投产后含水上升速度很快,且该区具有高阻水层和低阻油层同时存在的现象。根据该区低阻油气层测井曲线响应特征,可以总结出低能相带、正韵律、反韵律、齿状低幅四种测井沉积模式。其成因是由于岩石不动水饱和度高、地层水矿化度高、盐水泥浆侵入影响大、构造幅度低、油层厚度薄、原油密度和粘度较小和油水关系复杂,其核心机理为岩石颗粒表面的水膜厚,油层厚度薄,油水分异作用差或无分异造成油气层电阻率降低。     

Influence of ZnO buffer layer thickness on the electrical and optical properties of indium zinc oxide thin films deposited on PET substrates

The influence of the ZnO buffer layer thickness on the electrical and optical properties of In₂O₃–10 wt.% ZnO and ZnO bilayers deposited on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering were investigated. The optimum ZnO buffer layer thickness was found to be 90 nm which gives the lowest electrical resistivity of the bilayer of IZO and ZnO deposited on the PET substrate. The surface roughness decreases and diffusion of moisture and gas is more efficiently restrained, which contributes to lower the resistivity of the bilayer as the ZnO buffer layer thickness is increased. On the other hand, the total resistivity of the bilayer increases as the ZnO buffer layer thickness is increased because the resistivity of ZnO is higher than that of IZO. Introduction of a ZnO buffer layer does not nearly affect the IZO/ZnO/PET sample.     

影响电煅无烟煤电阻率的几个因素

对电煅无烟煤电阻率与一次送电电流和温度之间的关系进行了试验研究，得到了它们之间的关系表面式模型，据此，可以在环境温度，炉壳温度变化不大的情况下，预测电煅无烟煤的电阻率，另外还分析了电阻率与真密度，原煤粒度分布，加排料量，煅烧区长度，电流密度之间的相关性，结果表明，电煅无烟煤电阻率及其分布与电流密度，煅烧区长度，原煤粒度分布，加排料量密切相关。     

吉林红岗油田低阻油层成因机理研究

低阻油气藏在全国各大油田都有发现,如渤海湾地区、南海莺歌海盆地、塔里木塔北地区等,形成低电阻率油层的机理不尽相同,但低电阻率产生的根本原因一般是束缚水含量高、粘土矿物的附加导电能力相对较强、存在导电矿物、油藏幅度低等。为了正确识别低阻油层,评价油藏条件下的饱和度,必须搞清低阻油层的低阻特性和形成机理。本文从可能引起低阻的各方面原因对吉林红岗油田泉四段低阻油层的成因机理进行了研究。     

Electrical resistivity of polycarbonate/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites under varying injection molding conditions

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)‐filled polycarbonate composites were prepared by a corotating intermeshing twin‐screw extruder. The surface resistivities of compression‐ and injection‐molded specimens were quite different, the difference ranging from 10³ to 10⁷ Ω/sq at varying MWCNT concentrations. The surface resistivity of the injection‐molded specimen at 2 wt % loading varied up to 10⁵ Ω/sq in the specimen thickness direction and up 10⁴ Ω/sq in the polymer flow direction with respect to the gate. The difference in surface resistivity with the positions of injection‐molded specimen was confirmed with the morphology, which showed the difference in MWCNT number density (numbers/surface area). There was no significant effect on surface resistivity with injection pressure, holding pressure, and molding temperature. The specimens prepared at the injection speed of 13 mm/s showed surface resistivities 10³–10⁴ Ω/sq depending on the positions, which was comparable with the compression‐molded specimens, which had a surface resistivity of 10³ Ω/sq. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

多孔介质中水合物生成与分解的电阻率性质

A new one-dimensional system for resistivity measurement for natural gas hydrate (NGH) exploitation is designed, which is used to study the formation and decomposition processes of NGH.The experimental results verify the feasibility of the measurement method, especially in monitoring the nucleation and growth of the NGH.Isovolumetric formation experiment of NGH is performed at 2 ℃ and 7.8 MPa.Before the NGH formation, the ini-tial resistivity is measured to be 4-7 Ω·m, which declines to the minimum value of 2-3 Ω·m when NGH begins to nucleate after the pressure is reduced to 3.3 MPa.As the NGH grows, the resistivity increases to a great extent, and finally it keeps at 11-13 Ω·m, indicating the completion of the formation process.The NGH decomposition ex-periment is then performed.When the outlet pressure decreases, NGH begins to decompose, accordingly, the resis-tivity declines gradually, and is at 5-9 Ω·m when the decomposition process ends, which is slightly higher than the resistivity value before the formation of NGH.The occurrence and distribution uniformity of NGH are determined by the distribution and magnitude of the resistivity measured on an one-dimensional sand-packed model.This study tackles the accurate estimation for the distribution of NGH in porous medium, and provides an experimental basis for further study on NGH exploitation in the future.