气化炉拱顶局部超温原因分析及整改措施

顶喷式气化炉经常出现拱顶局部超温现象,检查发现拱顶内部铬刚玉浇注料存在裂纹空隙、热面砖砖缝较大,工艺气通过砖缝和浇注料裂纹空隙窜气至拱顶球形筒壁,导致拱顶局部超温。通过合理控制耐火材料产品质量和砌筑施工质量、更换原始砌筑的耐火材料、控制工艺操作参数等措施,使拱顶超温问题得到解决。     

延长耐火砖寿命的探索与研究

1耐火砖结构气化炉燃烧室内衬耐火材料共分为拱顶、简体、锥底和渣口4个部分。拱顶部分为3层,从里到外分别为向火面砖、铬刚玉浇注料、可压缩料,结构为半球形,是受冲刷最为严重的部位,每块砖各有纵横2道嵌槽,砌筑成环状后与上下左右各砖形成一个整体的合力,确保了其稳固。筒体部分为3层,从里到外分别为向火面砖、背衬砖和隔热砖。锥底部分为2层,分别为向火面砖和铬刚玉浇注料。渣口部分为3层,分别为向火面砖、背衬砖和铬刚玉浇注料。隔热砖与炉壁之间填充的20 mm岩棉起保温隔热作用,同时还给耐火砖径     

钢包用刚玉-尖晶石透气砖的研制与应用

研究了基质中MgO含量对以电熔刚玉、尖晶石为主要原料制成的刚玉 -尖晶石透气砖 (砖芯 )性能的影响 ,并比较了刚玉 -尖晶石砖与传统铬刚玉砖的性能。结果表明 :刚玉 -尖晶石砖热震稳定性优于铬刚玉砖 ,但其体积稳定性不如铬刚玉砖 ,生产中不易控制 ;工业试验表明 ,刚玉 -尖晶石透气砖 (砖芯和座砖 )优于传统铬刚玉透气砖。     

刚玉砖和铬刚玉砖的应用

刚玉砖及铬刚玉砖是石化行业造气炉和反应炉的关键耐火衬里材料。本文介绍了国产刚玉砖及铬刚玉砖的力学性能及其在石化行业气化炉和反应炉上的应用情况。结果表明 ,刚玉砖及铬刚玉砖主要理化性能和使用效果达到或超过同类引进产品 ,完全可以替代进口材料 ,满足了石化行业的生产需要     

高温炭黑反应炉炉衬选材分析

从抵抗高温气流冲蚀、抗炭黑粒子化学侵蚀和抵抗炉气杂质化学侵蚀等三个方面对高纯刚玉砖、刚玉莫来石砖、铬刚玉砖、高铬砖和氧化锆砖作了分析比较。分析认为,在燃烧室和喉管采用高纯刚玉砖和铬刚玉砖,反应段和急冷段采用高纯刚玉砖较好;而氧化锆砖在整个反应炉各段使用都是可行的。高铬砖因抗炭黑粒子化学侵蚀性差,不适合使用于高温炭黑反应炉     

狭缝式铬刚玉透气砖的研制及应用

把以电熔刚玉、氧化铬为主要原料制成的低水泥振动成型座砖,经机压成型的铬刚玉套砖、铬刚玉造气板,和以电熔刚玉为主要原料制成的弥散型刚玉透气塞、钢套等组合在一起,制成狭缝式铬刚玉透气砖。经使用该砖达到进口透气砖的水平。     

高温炭黑反应炉炉衬选材分析

本文从抵抗高温气流冲蚀,抗炭黑粒子化学侵蚀和抵抗炉气杂质化学侵蚀等三个方面分析比较了高纯刚玉砖,刚玉莫来石砖、铬刚玉砖,高铬砖和氧化锆砖。讨论分析认为：在燃烧室和喉管采用高纯刚玉砖和铬刚玉砖,反应段和急冷段采用高纯刚玉砖较好;氧化锆砖在整个反应炉各段使用都是可行的,高铬砖因抗炭黑粒子化学侵蚀性差,不适合使用于高温炭黑反应炉。     

山东君道高温材料有限公司

正一、刚玉、刚玉莫来石砖系列:莫来石砖(MUSB-70),高纯再结合电熔莫来石砖(MUSB-75),高性能莫来石砖(MUSB-77.7),莫来石刚玉砖(MUCO-80),莫来石刚玉砖(MUCO-85),高致密刚玉砖(COHD-95),烧结刚玉砖(COSB-95),高纯低硅刚玉砖(COHP-99)二、高纯镁铝尖晶石砖、高纯镁砖、镁锆砖系列:高纯镁铝尖晶石砖(MAS-70)主要用于全氧重碱窑大碹,胸墙,玻璃熔窑蓄热室格子体中上部,具有天然的抗碱性。高纯镁铝尖晶石刚玉砖(MAS-80),含锆镁铝尖晶石砖(MAS-68.8),镁锆砖(AMZ-76),高纯镁砖(SMA-96),高纯镁砖(SMA-98),高纯镁砖(SMA-99)     

熔铸锆刚玉砖生产中的树脂砂造型工艺的探讨

阐述了熔铸锆刚玉砖的材料和生产特点及树脂砂造型工艺在熔铸锆刚玉砖生产中的优点和容易出现的问题,对如何改进树脂砂造型工艺在熔铸锆刚玉砖生产中的应用和提高熔铸锆刚玉砖产品质量和外观色泽进行了探讨。     

刚玉砖的火焰切割

刚玉砖是目前代铂炉体、池窑通道等较理想、较普遍采用的砖材。刚玉砖在制造上分有:烧结型和电熔浇铸型。在化学成份上分有:纯刚玉、铬刚玉、钛刚玉、锆刚玉等几种。在生产中以采用纯刚玉砖为最广泛。烧结型纯刚玉砖主要成份是Al_2O_3及微量的 SiO_2、Fe_2O_3、Na_2O 等。其熔点为2050±10℃,密度为3.8克/厘     

拉挤玻璃钢型材作为防腐承载结构的设计实践

介绍拉挤玻璃钢型材的特点 ;阐述采用该型材在用作化工防腐平台、天桥及管道支架等承载结构件时的设计要点及应用体会。     

大型天线罩用对位芳纶织物的研制

芳纶用作天线罩材料是由于其具有密度小、模量大、介电常数小、介电损耗低、耐高温等优点。针对芳纶织造过程毛羽多、易起静电等问题,通过浆纱、整经工艺,在国产G1724A型挠性剑杆织机上实现大型天线罩用对位芳纶长丝平纹织物的织造,织物经后处理符合用户使用要求。     

Improving the dry sliding-wear resistance of B4C ceramics by transient liquid-phase sintering

A critical comparison is made between the dry sliding-wear resistance of a B₄C composite fabricated by transient liquid-phase sintering with Ti-Al intermetallic additive and two reference monolithic B₄C ceramics fabricated by solid-state sintering. It is shown that, as a consequence of its full densification and super-hardness, the B₄C composite is, despite containing secondary phases, markedly more wear resistant (significantly lower coefficient of friction, specific wear rate, worn volume, and wear damage) than the reference monolithic B₄C ceramic fabricated under identical spark-plasma-sintering (SPS) conditions, and at least as wear resistant as the reference monolithic B₄C ceramic fabricated at much higher SPS temperature. In all materials, wear is nonetheless mild and occurred by two-body abrasion dominated by plastic deformation at the micro-contact level plus, in the porous reference monolithic B₄C ceramic, three-body abrasion dominated by fracture. Implications for the lower-cost manufacture of superhard B₄C tribocomponents are discussed.     

帆布芯耐热输送带高温粘合性能的研究

研究在常温和高温下帆布芯耐热输送带的粘合性能及其影响因素.结果表明:随着试验温度的升高,帆布芯耐热输送带的粘合性能大幅度下降;在覆盖胶中加入粘合剂RF/RA(用量比为4/3.6)可在一定程度上提高常温和高温下输送带的粘合性能;适当增大缓冲层厚度能够提高常温下输送带的粘合性能,而对改善高温粘合性能无明显效果;与采用聚酯帆布相比,采用锦纶6帆布对改善输送带高温下的粘合性能效果较好.     

尺寸超规范的带肋拱顶油罐的设计

目前,市场对油品的需求量越来越大,国内扩建新建的大型油库的数量随之增加,随之而来油罐的单体容积也越造越大,油罐大型化已成为一种趋势。本文主要从设计的角度就拱顶及带肋拱顶油罐大型化的问题进行探讨。     

耐高温纤维的加工技术及性能

耐高温纤维可在较高的温度范围内使用。目前已应用的有几十种,尚有一些新品种,如聚醚砜纤维,正处于研究阶段。介绍了几种较新型耐高温纤维的纺丝加工方法及纤维性能。     

The use of PEEK nanorod arrays for the fabrication of nanoporous surfaces under high temperature: SiN(x) example

Large area silicon nitride (SiN(x)) nanoporous surfaces are fabricated using poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) nanorod arrays as a template. The procedure involves manipulation of nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates in order to form an ordered array of PEEK nanopillars with high temperature resistant characteristics. In this context, self-ordered AAO templates are infiltrated with PEEK melts via the "precursor film" method. Once the melts have been crystallized in the porous structure of AAO, the basis alumina layer is removed, yielding an ordered array of PEEK nanopillars. The resulting structure is a high temperature and chemical resistant polymeric nanomold, which can be utilized in the synthesis of nanoporous materials under aggressive conditions. Such conditions are high temperatures (up to 320 °C), vacuum, or extreme pH. For example, SiN(x) nanopore arrays have been grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition at 300 °C, which can be of interest as mold for nanoimprint lithography, due to its hardness and low surface energy. The SiN(x) nanopore array portrays the same characteristics as the original AAO template: 120 nm diameter pores and an interpore distance of 430 nm. Furthermore, the aspect ratio of the SiN(x) nanopores can be tuned by selecting an AAO template with appropriate conditions. The use of PEEK as a nanotemplate extends the applicability of polymeric nanopatterns into a temperature regime up to now not accessible and opens up the simple fabrication of novel nanoporous inorganic surfaces.     

Study on benzoxazine-based film adhesive and its adhesion properties with CFPR composites

In this paper, a benzoxazine-based (BZ) adhesive with high temperature resistant was developed by blending benzoxazine monomer and tetrafonctional epoxy monomer as matrix modifier and polyetherimide as toughening agent. The results show that benzoxazine-based film adhesive could be cured at 190 °C, and the cured film adhesive exhibited high temperature resistance and a high glass transition temperature of 224 °C. The 5% weight loss temperature in air was 400 °C and the char yield in nitrogen at 800 °C was 48%. The cured film adhesive has good ablation resistance. The fabricated benzoxazine-based film adhesive has high adhesion reliability, with single-lap shear strength of 23.20, 28.36 and 20.04 MPa at room temperature, 140 and 175 °C respectively. The curing process of the film adhesive matches well with that of carbon fiber reinforced BZ prepreg and the film adhesive has stable adhesion properties. Its biggest advantage is that, during storage and transportation, there is no need of refrigeration. After 60 days of storage for benzoxazine-based film adhesive at room temperature, its process performance and adhesion properties remain unchanged. It is expected that the benzoxazine-based film adhesive can be used in aerospace, high-speed rail and other applications.     

抗热震陶瓷材料的设计

随着高技术陶瓷的应用发展，迫切需要提高陶瓷材料的抗热震性，以适应各种恶劣的应用环境，本文讨论了各种抗热震性能优良的陶瓷，提出抗热震陶瓷的设计思想。     

Influence of the calcination temperature on morphological and mechanical properties of highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds

Bone tissue engineering is a promising approach for bone replacement or augmentation. However, the achievement of a high performing scaffold is still undergoing. In this work, the optimum calcination temperature value of the starting powder for the preparation of highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffold, fabricated by the sponge replica method, was assessed. Hydroxyapatite nanopowder was synthesized by the precipitation method and the influence of four calcinations temperatures (600, 700, 800 and 900 °C) on either powder characteristics or scaffold properties were exhaustively examined. Powder composition and grain size were determined by XRD, TEM and BET analyses. Composition, morphology, porosity, shrinkage and mechanical strength of the sintered scaffolds were determined by XRD, FT-IR, weight and dimension measurements and compression tests. The results showed that increasing the calcination temperature, the grain size of the HA powder increases and a higher grain size leads to a more resistant HA scaffold. The 900 °C calcinations temperature provide the best performing scaffold without inducing any phase transformation. The study here reported highlighted that the calcinations treatment is essential to fabricate high resistant HA scaffolds.