过程工业的集成供应链管理研究

分析了过程工业的特点和供应链管理在过程工业的应用现状,提出过程工业应通过采用集成供应链管理获得效益,即结合过程工业自身的特点,根据过程系统的功能层次模型和流结构模型,建立过程系统在投资决策、市场运营、管理控制3个不同运行层次上的集成供应链模型,并采用适当的优化策略求解,以求得企业在全生命周期内最大的综合效益。最后介绍了面向智能体的过程工业集成供应链建模方法以及求解策略。     

间歇化工过程热集成研究进展

间歇化工过程热集成问题的研究能够促进过程系统的可持续发展并且提高产业经济性和技术竞争力，顺应了化工发展大环境。本文介绍了以系统综合优化为目标的间歇化工过程热集成研究的发展现状，整理了早期研究的三大通用图解模型，并讨论和比较了在建模求解过程中常见算法。总结了当前研究的重点在换热网络设计优化、热储罐系统和考虑调度的热集成三个方面，并评述了与之相关的进展、瓶颈和研究意义。指出了热集成问题已成为当前间歇化工过程的研究热点，其中热集成和生产调度的协同优化十分必要，能够从系统全局的角度上给出优化方案。但由于间歇化工过程中存在较多的不确定性和约束条件，增加了热集成的研究难度，因此对间歇化工过程优化设计提出了更高的要求。     

基于系统节能的冶金过程监测与模拟技术研究进展

从冶金企业能源管理系统的研究和应用现状、冶金过程的数值模拟方法与应用等方面,综述了基于系统节能的冶金过程监测与模拟技术的研究进展,分析了冶金工艺流程的过程模拟技术、冶金关键设备的计算流体力学(CFD)模拟技术及两者集成的研究现状以及数值模拟技术在冶金过程系统节能中的应用与不足之处. 结果表明,过程模拟技术可分析冶金工艺整体生产流程的参数变化,但忽略了操作单元物理特性、空间变化等因素;CFD模拟可分析单个冶金设备运行机理和优化工艺参数,但不能实现上下工序之间操作参数的关联. 采用时间序列方法集成过程模拟与CFD模拟技术可综合两者的优点,是研究冶金过程系统节能研究的重要方向.     

基于模拟分析技术和随机搜索算法的化工过程能量集成方法研究

夹点和模拟分析技术已在化工能量集成中广泛应用.今以夹点技术为基础,对化工过程系统用能进行诊断,根据"过程用能一致性"原则提出能量集成改造方案,通过改变塔压实现塔顶冷凝器与塔底再沸器的热集成多效蒸馏.夹点技术实现的优化目标仅是热回收最大或公用工程能耗最小,不能实现包括设备整体费用最小的过程全局最优化.研究基于模拟技术,通过灵敏度分析,得到精馏塔各操作参数的样本映射数据,通过多项式拟合得到参数关联方程,并在遗传算法及模式搜索中设计过程费用函数,提出了将模拟分析技术与随机搜索算法相结合的,以过程费用函数最小化为优化目标的能量集成方法.工业实例的成功设计应用证明了其有效性和可行性.     

化工过程安全运行技术研究进展

结合华南理工大学过程系统工程研究中心在化工过程安全运行方向多年的研究成果,讨论了过程安全运行中的过程监测与故障诊断技术的研究进展.根据化工生产的特点,介绍了化工过程安全运行智能辅助支持系统的结构、功能以及其中的关键技术.最后讨论了基于网络的远程监测与诊断技术.     

化工过程集成智能生产调度系统开发

本文叙述了化工过程集成智能生产调度系统的目的，作用，给出了该系统的组成结构和设计思想，重点介绍了优化排产子系统和线故障诊断子系统，提出了智能化分解协调优化算法和人工智能与人工神经网络相结合的在线故障诊断系统的组成结构，并给出了某厂优化排产和在线故障诊断子系统的实例。     

化工过程能量集成途径与实证

阐述了化工过程能量集成理论,指出化工企业能量集成有效途径。并结合磷化工企业黄磷尾气综合利用和硫铁矿制酸企业硫酸装置余热利用实践取得能量优化和污染物减排效果,揭示了化工企业实现节能减排路线,为化工企业解决用能瓶颈、制定化工过程系统能量集成策略提供科学依据。     

水泥生产过程分层递阶多智能体控制系统

针对新型干法水泥生产过程的特点,建立了由控制智能体和决策支持智能体组成的分层递阶多智能体控制系统;研究了基于Ice中间件开发多智能体系统的方法;采用COM技术构建了具有二进制重用性的智能体组件,可实现对原有系统的重用;实现多智能体控制系统与神经网络、模糊控制和专家系统技术的融合;系统实现了水泥熟料煅烧过程的优化控制。     

基于数据挖掘的合成氨过程优化和监测系统应用研究

根据多年从事过程工业优化经验,开发了一种基于数据挖掘技术的、综合性和图形化的、适用于合成氨过程优化和监测的系统软件。该软件集成了模式识别、人工智能、统计学习理论、数据库技术和领域知识等常用的过程工业优化方法。优化软件具有多方法融合、参数选择、自动建模、模型验证、模型更新、多模型构建以及在线优化监测等新颖的特点,能有效解决合成氨过程优化问题。优化软件分为离线版和在线版两个版本,分别用于离线优化建模和在线优化监测。该优化软件已在云南云维集团有限公司合成氨过程生产优化中取得了满意的效果,有望在化工过程优化和监测中得到广泛应用。     

基于模糊满意度的烧结过程多目标优化控制

为实现铁矿石烧结过程中烧结终点和混合料槽料位两个关键参数的综合优化,提出了一种基于模糊满意度的多目标优化控制方法。首先,通过综合运用模糊控制、预测控制的切换控制技术,建立烧结终点的智能优化控制模型;其次,为稳定混合料槽料位,基于专家知识,建立了混合料槽料位专家控制模型;最后通过构造求解多目标优化问题的系统满意度函数,将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,求取系统的满意解,实现烧结过程多目标优化控制。仿真结果和实际运行结果表明提出的方法是可行而有效的。     

Integrated Modelling of Process Operation Systems Using the Agent‐Oriented Approach

For the past years, several software and computer tools have been developed to aid the chemical process operations including real‐time simulation, on‐line optimization, fault diagnosis, process monitoring, and many other functions. These tools were designed separately and did not collaborate efficiently, making it difficult to integrate different engineering tasks for the optimal process operation. In this paper, an agent‐oriented modelling approach is presented to address this problem. Elements in the process operation systems are divided into two classes. One class consists of equipment, units and processes, while the other class consists of production operation tasks. The two classes of elements are modelled as objects and agents, respectively. Then, three strategies are presented to implement the integration of the whole process operation system, which are integration of object models, integration of agent models and supervision of operator. Also presented is a case study of integration of process operation decision optimization and abnormal situation management using the proposed agent oriented approach for TE challenge problem.     

过程系统综合集成优化法的研究进展

综述了目前国内外过程系统综合集成优化的主要方法：直观推断法、最优化法、夹点分析法和过程系统火用经济调优法．并分析了各自的优缺点,指出利用各种方法的优点,发展数学规划、人工智能方法、夹点分析和火用经济学集成的方法、开发节源型过程耦合技术、进行过程系统综合和环境保护的协同优化研究,将是过程系统综合集成优化法研究的重要课题。     

蒸汽动力系统的综合及操作优化

蒸汽动力系统的综合和操作优化是 2 1世纪石油化工企业节能增效的重要途径。本文概述了蒸汽动力系统的优化方法 ,如过程能量综合技术、数学规划法、遗传算法、模拟退火法等方法的长处和不足 ,提出了蒸汽动力系统的优化策略     

裂解C_4分离的过程集成优化控制

针对从裂解Ｃ４分离丁二烯的过程，论述了过程集成的方法和实现集成优化控制的方案。关于过程集成的方法基于已往的工作基础和开发的专家知识库提出了八步集成策略；关于集成优化控制提出了模型化的方法和系统结构及实现方法。实践已证明提出的集成方法及控制方案是可行的，已产生了重大的技术经济效益。     

Continuous global optimization of structured process systems models

Nonconvex models for the optimization of process systems in chemical engineering give rise to multiple suboptimal solutions, and a number of complications that often cause failure of standard local optimization techniques. A deterministic branch and bound algorithm is presented in this paper for the global optimization of structured process systems models that include non-convexities introduced by concave univariate, bilinear and linear fractional terms. The proposed branch and contract algorithm relies on a bounds contraction operation, which consists of the solution of a finite sequence of convex bounds-contraction subproblems for the subset of nonconvex variables in a problem. The application of the proposed algorithm is illustrated with several numerical examples, which include heat exchanger networks, chemical reactors, simplified process flowsheets, and waste-water treatment systems. The results show that by executing the contraction operation at selected branch and bound nodes, large portions of the search region over which the objective function takes only values above a known upper bound are eliminated. It is shown that with the proposed approach the total number of nodes in the solution tree is kept relatively small, and for some problems, no branching is required at all.     

含滞后及不确定参数动态过程系统的定量优化方法与应用

许多动态化工系统含有不确定参数。当含不确定参数的过程系统又带有滞后环节时,系统的优化问题就变得非常复杂。对含不确定参数的化工系统的动态过程进行优化,若未考虑滞后环节对动态优化结果的影响,不能保证系统实际操作的优化及安全运行。本文采用改进的有限元正交配置优化算法,较好地解决了含有滞后、不确定参数的化工过程的动态优化问题。最后将一个具有循环返料的反应-分离器系统以及一个绝热反应釜作为案例对该优化方法的应用进行分析,根据案例的研究验证了该优化方法的有效性,从而为含有滞后、不确定参数的动态系统的设计和操作性能优化提供一种有效的定量分析方法和理论依据。     

化工过程系统集成建模的面向智能体方法

引　言化工过程系统中常用的建模方法是结构化分析方法和面向对象方法 .面向对象方法较好地克服了结构化方法按功能将系统分解的缺点 ,但对化工生产过程的故障诊断、模拟优化、排产等具有主动性的事物采用对象来描述具有一定的缺点[1] .因此 ,在面向对象方法的基础上提出了面向     

A systems engineering perspective on process integration in industrial biotechnology

Biotechnology has many applications in health care, agriculture, industry and the environment. By using renewable raw materials, biotechnology contributes to lowering greenhouse gas emissions and moving away from a petro‐based towards a circular sustainable economy. However, major developments are still needed to make industrial biotechnology an economic alternative to conventional processes for fuels, specialty and/or bulk chemicals production. Process integration is a holistic approach to process design, which emphasizes the unity of the process and considers the interactions between different unit operations from the outset, rather than optimizing them separately. Furthermore, it also involves the substitution of two or more unit operations by one single novel unit capable of achieving the same process goal. Conversely, process systems engineering (PSE) deals with the analysis, design, optimization, operation and control of complex process systems, as well as the development of model‐based methods and tools that allow the systematic development of processes and products across a wide range of systems involving physical and chemical change. Mature tools and applications are available for chemical technology and steps have been taken to apply PSE principles also to bioprocess technology. This perspective paper argues that an interdisciplinary approach is needed towards integrated bio‐processing in order to link basic developments in biosciences with possible industrial applications. PSE can foster the application of existing and the development of new methods and tools for bioprocess integration that could promote the sustainable production of bio‐/chemical products. The inclusion of PSE principles and methods in biochemical engineering curricula and research is essential to achieve such goals. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry     

Multistream heat exchangers: Equation‐oriented modeling and flowsheet optimization

Multistream heat exchangers (MHEXs), typically of the plate‐fin or spiral‐wound type, are a key enabler of heat integration in cryogenic processes. Equation‐oriented modeling of MHEXs for flowsheet optimization purposes is challenging, especially when streams undergo phase transformations. Boolean variables are typically used to capture the effect of phase changes, adding considerable difficulty to solving the flowsheet optimization problem. A novel optimization‐oriented MHEX modeling approach that uses a pseudo‐transient approach to rapidly compute stream temperatures without requiring Boolean variables is presented. The model also computes an approximate required heat exchange area to determine the optimal tradeoff between operating and capital expenses. Subsequently, this model is seamlessly integrated in a previously‐introduced pseudo‐transient process modeling and flowsheet optimization framework. Our developments are illustrated with two optimal design case studies, an MHEX representative of air separation operation and a natural gas liquefaction process. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 1856–1866, 2015