共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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胶凝含蜡原油由于其蜡晶的三维网状空间结构,具有复杂的流变性。胶凝原油的流变性质一直是研究的重点和热点。很多学者对胶凝原油的性质做了详细而又深入的研究,但这些研究一般集中在恒定剪切速率上,对胶凝原油的变剪切的研究较少。通过实验,研究了胶凝含蜡原油在剪切速率先线性增大后线性减小这一循环加载条件下其触变特性。通过控制不同降温速率和剪切速率增加的速率,来研究胶凝原油的触变性规律。试验结果表明,对于不同的降温速率,低降温速率时期剪切应力开始比较大,但随着剪切速率的增大,其应力逐渐靠拢,到最后无明显区别;而改变剪切速率增加的速率时,当剪切速率变化率越大时,在同一剪切速率下,其应力就愈大。 相似文献
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胶凝含蜡原油由于其蜡晶的三维网状空间结构,具有复杂的流变性。胶凝原油的流变性质一直是研究的重点和热点。通过实验,研究了在不同剪切历史和热历史作用下胶凝原油滞回环的不同变化规律。实验结果表明,对于不同的降温速率,在同一剪切条件下,当降温速率较低时,其原油屈服应力较大,滞回环曲线凸起较高,但随着剪切速率的增加,其应力逐渐接近,滞回环曲线逐渐接近;对于不同的胶凝温度,在同一剪切条件下,胶凝温度越低的,其屈服应力较大,并且随着剪切速率的增加,应力之间的差别虽变小,但胶凝温度低的比胶凝温度高的大,在滞回环曲线上可以看到低温度的曲线比高温度的曲线所对应的应力大;对于不同的剪切速率,剪切速率变化率大的,其屈服应力大,但随着剪切速率的增大,滞回环曲线相接近,即其应力也逐渐相接近。 相似文献
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将失流点以下的含蜡原油看作是多孔介质体系,以附加比热容法描述蜡的结晶潜热,动量源项方法表征蜡晶网络结构对液态原油的流动阻力,基于有限体积法数值模拟含蜡原油的冷却胶凝过程。结果表明:传热机制和边界条件主导了凝油结构的演变进程。在自然对流作用下,凝油最先在罐底和罐壁所包围的区域内产生,且其始终是罐内胶凝最严重区域。罐顶最先形成完整的凝油层,其发展先后经历了慢速增长和快速增长两个阶段,且其凝油层厚度逐渐趋于均匀分布;其次是罐底,其发展过程与罐顶相反;最后是罐壁,其凝油层的演变具有从罐底沿罐壁向罐顶推进的特点。罐内对流越强,罐顶凝油层的增长速率越缓慢,罐底凝油层的增长速率越快。基于温度场及凝油结构的演变规律,可以将含蜡原油的冷却过程分为3个阶段,即自然对流占主导的第1阶段,导热逐步取代自然对流的第2阶段,及以导热为主导机制、边界条件调控下的第3阶段,同时给出了不同阶段原油温度分布和散热损失规律的细节。 相似文献
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一个胶凝原油的蠕变模型 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了研究胶凝原油的启动屈服过程,确定胶凝原油的蠕变模型至关重要。基于不同剪应力下胶凝原油的蠕变特性,建立了具有黏性流的黏弹性固体流变模型来描述胶凝原油的黏弹流变特性,通过试验验证该模型能精确描述胶凝原油的黏弹性蠕变过程;若施加的剪应力高于胶凝原油的塑性屈服应力,胶凝原油的蠕变将从稳定流变阶段很快达到加速流变阶段,表现为典型的黏弹塑性特征,将非线性黏塑性体和具有黏性流的黏弹性固体流变模型串联起来得到一个非线性黏弹塑性剪切流变模型,该模型能充分反映胶凝原油的加速剪切蠕变过程,并与试验结果吻合的较好。 相似文献
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Jafari Behbahani Taraneh Golpasha RahmatollahAkbarnia Hassan Dahaghin Alireza 《Fuel Processing Technology》2008
A variety of techniques have been employed in order to reduce problems caused by the crystallization of paraffin during the production and/or transportation of waxy crude oil. Flow improvers are used extensively to increase the mobility of crude oil. In this study, the influence of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), as flow improver, with different ranges of molecular weight on the viscosity and pour point of five Iranian waxy crude oils was evaluated. Five types of Iranian waxy crude oil were selected based on their similar wax (> 10%) but different asphaltene contents. Also, the effect of asphaltene content on the performance of this flow improver was studied. The rheological behavior of these crude oils, with middle range API gravity, in the absence/presence of flow improver was studied. The rheological data cover the temperature range of 5 to 40 °C. The results indicated that the performance of flow improver was dependent on the molecular weight and the asphaltene content. For crude oil with low asphaltene, higher molecular weight flow improvers are the best additive and lower molecular weight flow improvers showed good efficiency for crude oil with high asphaltene content. Addition of small quantities of asphaltene solvents such as xylene (1 wt.%), alone or in combination with flow improver, can improve viscosity of crude oil with high asphaltene content. 相似文献
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Synthesis of comb‐type copolymers with various pendants and their effect on the complex rheological behaviors of waxy oils 下载免费PDF全文
Tongshuai Wang Jun Xu Minglei Wang Xiaoming Wei Muxian Shen Jing Huang Rui Zhang Li Li Xuhong Guo 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2015,132(11)
To improve the flowability of waxy crude oil containing a high concentration of asphaltenes (AS), novel comb‐type copolymers of poly(maleic acid polyethylene glycol ester‐co‐α‐octadecene) (PMAC) and poly(maleic acid aniline amide‐co‐α‐octadecene) (AMAC) with various grafting ratios (Rg) of PEG/aniline to maleic anhydride are synthesized. Model oils containing wax mixtures and AS are prepared to explore the effect of asphaltene concentration and the copolymers on the yield stress. The influence of the copolymers on the wax appearance temperature (WAT) of Liaohe high waxy oil is examined by rheological and microscopic methods. Experimental flow curves of shear stress as a function of shear rate are fitted following the Casson model to interpret the rheological properties of gelled waxy crude oil in the presence of AMACs, PMACs, and MAC. Compared with MAC, PMACs, and AMACs are more efficient in reducing the yield stress of both model oil and crude oil, which indicates a better flowability. It is found that PMAC1.0 and AMAC1.0 with a medium Rg can balance the interaction of copolymers with waxes and AS and reduce the yield stress much more than others. Between them, AMAC1.0 that possesses aromatic pendants is better than PMAC1.0, which only has polar pendants. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41660. 相似文献
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油水乳化液流变性研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
综述了油水乳化液流变性研究进展,介绍了目前国内外乳化液流变性的研究情况、乳化液的流变模式及乳化液流变性的评价方法。乳化液的剪切应力-剪切速率关系明显受油滴尺寸的影响,在含油量一定时,表观黏度随油滴尺寸的减小而增加。绝大多数乳化液在低剪切速度下(低于50s^-1),呈现剪切变稀行为;在剪切速率超过1000s^-1时呈现牛顿行为。高含水原油的视黏度是温度、含水率以及剪切速率的函数。介绍了乳化液的3种流变模式,并给出了流变性评价方法实例。提出了油水乳化液流变性研究的发展方向。 相似文献
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采用高压毛细管流变仪研究了进口聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的流变性能,分析了剪切速率、温度对PPS树脂流变行为的影响。结果表明,PPS树脂的非牛顿指数均小于1;在低剪切速率下,PPS树脂的表观黏度对温度的依赖程度高于高剪切速率下的依赖程度;PPS树脂的黏流活化能随剪切速率的增加呈减小趋势,其结构黏度指数随温度升高而减小。 相似文献