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泥浆性能是深水大直径超长钻孔灌注桩在粉砂、细砂等特殊地质条件下成孔质量控制的重难点。本文以永宁黄河公路大桥特殊地质条件下泥浆制备为例,通过对国内不同地区的膨润土,不同水源、不同配比的泥浆性能进行了反复试验比对,比选出了最优的泥浆施工配比,该施工配合比的泥浆不仅能满足钻孔和混凝土灌注过程的护壁需求,还能使悬浮的细砂在泥浆中保持至少36小时不沉淀,在本项目桩基成桩质量与进度上都取得了良好的效果,对以后类似特殊地质条件的泥浆制备提供了宝贵的经验借鉴。 相似文献
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桩基工程施工废弃泥浆直接排放的污染风险较大,需要对其进行处理。因此,以某桩基工程施工废弃泥浆经过絮凝和脱水处理后的絮凝体为研究对象,开展了泥浆固化处理实验研究,以固结体的无侧限抗压强度为评价指标,主要考察了固化剂类型、固化剂掺量、泥浆絮凝体含水量、养护温度和养护时间等因素对固化处理效果的影响。结果表明:不同类型固化剂的加入均能提高固结体的无侧限抗压强度,其中新型复合固化剂GT-2的固化处理效果最好。当实验用泥浆絮凝体的含水量固定在40%时,目标桩基施工废弃泥浆固化处理的最佳实验参数为:选择固化剂类型为新型复合固化剂GT-2,固化剂的掺量为6%,养护温度为35℃,养护时间为28 d。在此实验条件下泥浆固结体的无侧限抗压强度值可以达到0.631 MPa,达到了良好的固化处理效果。现场应用结果表明,新型复合固化剂GT-2的加入能够对现场桩基施工废弃泥浆起到较好的固化效果,并且处理成本较低,具有良好的环境、经济和社会效益。 相似文献
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本文设计合成出一种用于钻孔桩施工的高效护壁聚合物PZH-4,并采用正交实验优化出其合成的最优条件,以N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸、乙烯吡咯烷酮、丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵为聚合单体,聚合质量比为3∶1∶1∶1且总占比为30%,引发剂浓度为0.2wt%、碳酰胺浓度为0.2wt%,余量为去离子水,在60℃下反应8h,可得到分子量高于1200万的PZH-4聚合物分子,且聚合物粉末通过140目过筛后可在清水中12s内充分溶解。其配制的泥浆体系在稠化性、含砂率、胶体率、失水量等方面效果极佳,远优于膨润土泥浆体系。同时,废弃聚合物钻孔泥浆体系可使用5%NaClO溶液与3%H2O2溶液高效处理。 相似文献
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将海泡石纳米颗粒添加到膨润土基钻井液中以控制其性能,并通过室内实验研究了海泡石纳米颗粒的添加对膨润土基钻井液流变性能和滤失性能的影响,比较了其在不同温度和压力条件下的变化规律.对于有或没有海泡石纳米颗粒的膨润土基钻井液,测量了其在不同温度和压力条件下的塑性黏度、屈服点和失水量,并在相应的油藏压力和温度下进行了岩心驱油实验,分析了失水性及地层破坏.结果表明:海泡石纳米颗粒可用于提高盐水和新鲜膨润土基钻井液的塑性黏度和屈服点;具有海泡石纳米颗粒的膨润土基钻井液在很宽的温度和压力范围内,特别是在高温和高压下,具有很好的流变性;海泡石纳米颗粒减少了储层压力和温度下的流体损失并降低了渗透率,海泡石纳米颗粒是一种膨润土基钻井泥浆的理想添加剂. 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献