霞石制钾肥小型试验报告

前言化肥是夺取农业高产的必要条件之一。氮、磷和钾是农肥的三大要素,三者缺一不可。在毛主席革命路线的指引下,我国化肥工业蒸蒸日上,氮、磷肥已有很大的发展。我国各地利用不同含钾物料生产钾肥的工作,也在短时间内取得了很大的成绩。但是,目前钾肥的产量还远远跟不上农业飞速发展的需要。因此,在不断增加氮、磷肥生产的同时,多快好省地发展钾肥的生产是很必要的。     

豫南稻区氮、磷、钾肥配施的水稻产量效应研究

通过"3414"田间试验设计,对氮、磷、钾肥配施进行试验研究,获得豫南稻区水稻最佳产量及最高产量氮、磷、钾肥施肥配比。试验研究结果表明:当氮、磷、钾肥用量分别为176.32 kg/hm2,92.87 kg/hm2和112.40 kg/hm2时,水稻最高产量可达9 139.72 kg/hm2,施肥质量比N∶P∶K=1.000∶0.527∶0.637;当氮、磷、钾肥施用量分别为164.05 kg/hm2,108.40 kg/hm2和115.68 kg/hm2时,水稻最佳产量为9 035.70 kg/hm2,施肥质量比N∶P∶K=1.000∶0.661∶0.705。     

从白水泥窑灰制取氮钾复合肥料

<正> 一、前言我国化肥生产中,氮、磷、钾比例严重失调。钾肥缺口很大,每年都要从国外进口钾肥。虽然我国钾长石贮量大、分布广,但品位不高,K_2O 含量一般在8～9%左右。直接用来生产化肥,能耗大、产量低、成本高。贵州省     

我国与世界钾资源及开发利用现状

论述钾资源在国民经济中的战略地位;世界和我国钾资源情况及开发利用现状;我国钾盐产品的生产、消费及进出口情况(我国90%的钾肥需依赖进口,2003年我国钾盐消费465.3万tK2O,而产量仅62.5万tK2O)。提出建立我国钾资源稳定供应体系的设想,逐步形成由国际钾肥市场,国内钾肥生产基地和境外钾肥生产基地三大部分构成的供应格局。     

世界化肥的消费、生产与贸易

根据 IFA资料介绍世界肥料消费 (包括能源和磷、钾、硫矿 ) ,并按氮肥、磷肥、钾肥及重要肥料品种介绍世界肥料的生产与贸易情况     

钾肥需求量逐年增加

化工部的调查表明,1991年全国的化肥施用量为25003kt,其中氮肥16384kt,磷肥4024kt,钾肥仅1479kt。氮、磷、钾的消费比例为1:0.47:0.34。目前我国钾肥年产量仅46kt,所需钾肥很大程度上依赖进口。土地缺钾现象正从南方向北方扩展,缺钾面积也逐年扩大。据预测到1995年需钾肥3000～3280kt,2000年将达4500kt左右。     

国内含钾资源生产钾肥概况

解放以来,特别是无产阶级文化大革命以来,我国氮肥、磷肥工业,在毛主席无产阶级革命路线指引下,得到了迅速的发展。钾肥生产因受资源和技术条件的限制,目前还处于试验阶段,产量还不多。钾肥是植物三大营养素之一。作物对氮、磷、钾是按比例平衡吸收的,三者互相促进,不能互相代替。     

钾肥工业概况

按营养元素计,世界钾肥产量约占化肥总产量的27%,在最近十年内钾肥的产量增加了约1千万吨(按氧化钾计算,下同),从这两个数字也可看到钾肥对农业的重要性。钾素和氮、磷一样,是植物的主要营养物之一。它促进作物生长,在作物体内有起平衡氮、磷和其它营养的作用。作物对各种养份的吸收,大体上有一定比例。根据作物和土壤的情况,适当施用氮、磷、钾肥料,才能获得最好的施肥效果。钾     

产品导向

当前,我国钾资源紧缺,钾肥不能满足农业需求.钾肥的最优品种无氯钾肥——硫酸钾、硝酸钾产量很少.据国外有关专家预测,世界无氯钾肥的消耗量将以每年4%～5%的速度递增.我国的经济作物特别是烟草增长速度快,据农业部最近对我国钾肥需求预测,按氮、磷、钾施肥比例为1:0.5:0.25     

广西德保县钦甲钾矿试制钾钙肥工业试验总结报告

一、概况氮、磷、钾是植物生长发育不可缺少的三大要素。作物在正常生长时,对氮、磷、钾是按比例地平衡吸收的,三者互相促进,不能互相代替。目前,我国农业化肥种类主要是氮肥,次为磷肥,钾肥使用极少。随着农业生产的不断发展;作物高产优质品种的不断被选用;复种指数不断提高,氮、磷肥用量日益增加和亩产量不断提高;农业生产对钾肥的需要将会日渐迫切起来。因此,在目前我国可     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.