共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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生物法净化含硫化氢废气作为替代常规脱硫的新技术日益得到广泛的关注。着重介绍并比较了Shell-Paques工艺和Bio-SR工艺2种生物脱硫工业化技术;结合工业应用,评述了影响生物脱硫技术的2大核心因子,脱硫微生物菌种及生物反应器;最后指出了微生物法脱硫技术有待深入探索的问题与发展趋势。 相似文献
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Shell-Paques生物脱硫技术及其应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shell-Paques技术是具有代表性的生物脱硫及硫回收工艺,其采用脱氮硫杆菌并使之在弱碱性溶液条件下吸收H2S,从含硫酸性气中脱除H2S,并在自然产生的微生物及空气的作用下,将所吸收的硫化物氧化成元素硫。该技术具有净化效率高、适应范围广、操作维护方便、环保效益好、副产生物硫磺等特点,可用于合成气、天然气、炼厂气等含有H2S的酸性气的净化过程。介绍了Shell-Paques生物脱硫技术的基本原理、工艺流程、技术特点及其在国内外的应用概况。 相似文献
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天然气作为绿色、高效的优质清洁能源,在我国能源结构中所占比例日益增加。因为天然气中含有一定量的有毒有害气体硫化氢,所以天然气在使用之前就需要脱除其中的硫化氢气体。生物脱硫是利用微生物脱除气体和废水中的含硫化合物,具有操作条件温和、能量消耗低、环境污染小、脱硫效率高、副产生物硫黄等优势。因此,天然气生物脱硫技术已成为天然气净化研究的热点之一。本文首先介绍了天然气中硫化氢气体的主要来源,回顾了工业上广泛应用的天然气脱硫技术(克劳斯法脱硫和络合铁法脱硫);随后阐述了生物脱硫的主要菌种以及脱硫机理,并重点介绍了天然气生物脱硫技术的典型工艺(Bio-SR脱硫和Shell-Paques脱硫)和新型工艺 (嗜盐嗜碱生物脱硫);最后指出了天然气生物脱硫技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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天然气属于一种方便、洁净、高效的优质燃料,是一种重要的化工原料,随着时代的发展,天然气应用越来越广泛,在人们的生活中发挥着极为重要的作用。然而,大部分原料天然气中含有有机硫化物、CO2、H2S等,这些成分的存在,对金属容易造成腐蚀,并对环境造成污染。为此,在天然气外输之前,需要对原料天然气进行净化处理。当前,国内应用最为广泛的酸性天然气脱硫脱碳工艺方法是醇胺法及砜胺法。然而在进行原料天然气脱硫脱碳工作时,脱硫脱碳装置在运行过程中容易出现拦液现象,导致装置处理能力下降,天然气净化效果不佳,出现天然气净化度不合格现象,最终大量胺溶液被气流带走,造成严重的经济损失,为确保天然气净化效果,提出天然气净化工艺设计要点及优化方法,并对天然气净化工艺中关键设备设计要点做出阐述。 相似文献
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《山东化工》2021,(2)
沼气作为一种新兴的清洁可再生能源,其提纯生产的生物天然气可以代替传统天然气,从而根本上解决天然气供需紧张的问题。同时发展生物天然气是农业生产废弃物的资源化利用,也是响应国家推动清洁能源发展的号召。CO_2作为一种惰性气体是影响沼气使用效果的最主要因素,CO_2不具有可燃性,而且体积分数较大,降低了沼气的热值。因此制备生物天然气的核心去除沼气中的CO_2,提高燃烧性能。本文论述了近年来常见的天然气脱碳提纯技术,介绍了各种方法的脱碳提纯原理、应用及限制条件。重点阐明了真空变压吸附法(VPSA)在天然气脱碳中的地位及工业应用,指出了VPSA未来研究方向,为今后生物天然气的工业广泛应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Fouad R. H. Abdeen Maizirwan Mel Mohammed Saedi Jami Sany Izan Ihsan Ahmad Faris Ismail 《中国化学工程学报》2016,24(6):693-702
Significant attention has been given to biogas production, purification and upgrading as a renewable and clean fuel supplement. Biogas is a product of an anaerobic digestion process comprising methane, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. Biogas purification removes trace gases in biogas for safe utilisation. Biogas upgrading produces methane-rich biogas by removing bulk carbon dioxide from the gas mixture. Several carbon dioxide removal techniques can be applied for biogas upgrading. However, chemical absorption of carbon dioxide for biogas upgrading is of special significance due to its operation at ambient or near ambient temperature and pressure, thus reducing energy consumption. This paper reviews the chemical absorption of carbon dioxide using amine scrubbing, caustic solvent scrubbing, and amino acid salt solution scrubbing. Each of these tech-niques for biogas upgrading is discussed. The paper concludes that an optimised implementation of the chemical absorption techniques for biogas upgrading requires further research. 相似文献
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Lígia Gomes Oliveira Paulo André Cremonez Bruna Machado Eliane Soares da Silva Felipe Eduardo Bueno Silva Gean Carlo Gosch Corrêa Thiago Fernando Magrini Lopez Helton José Alves 《加拿大化工杂志》2023,101(5):2361-2390
The market for biogas production has been increasing every year all over the world. The use of biogas as an energy vector is accomplished through the most diverse applications, such as direct burning (thermal energy), internal combustion engines, and fuel cells. Besides direct applications, biogas can be used as a raw material for producing high added-value products, such as molecular hydrogen and renewable hydrocarbons, through a new enterprise concept, the biorefineries. Purity and quality control are determinant factors that enable the decision-making regarding the end use of biogas. Physical, chemical, and biological methods can be used in biogas upgrading processes as well as a combination of different techniques. This review aims to deepen the knowledge about relevant technologies for biogas purification. It also addresses the most efficient and feasible methods, challenges to be overcome, and main demands for future studies. Therefore, the presentation, in a detailed way, of the synergistic effects caused by components contained in natural biogas and the combinatorial methods for removing these contaminants, differentiates this from other works that approach only the purification techniques but do not point out their problems and causes more comprehensively. Thus, studies related to the combined effects of contaminants would be interesting in future works. 相似文献
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Development of a Model for Water Scrubbing‐Based Biogas Upgrading and Biomethane Compression 下载免费PDF全文
Karim Ghaib 《化学工程与技术》2017,40(10):1817-1825
Biomethane is an easily storable, renewable energy source that is applicable to the sectors electricity, heat, and transport. It is mostly obtained from biogas by different upgrading technologies. At present, the most common technology is water scrubbing because of its reliability and simplicity. A methodology for designing as well as for evaluating and optimizing water scrubbing plants including biomethane compression is introduced. To demonstrate possible applications of this methodology, a zero‐emission water scrubbing process characterized by under‐pressure regeneration of washing water is modeled and investigated by a sensitivity analysis. 相似文献
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While anaerobic digestion is a reliable method that treats the waste and produces renewable biomethane fuel, the necessary sludge in liquid form is difficult to handle due to the constant biogas generation. Therefore, this study investigates the possibility of convective air drying, namely heat pump and hot air circulation oven as preservation methods for anaerobic microbial sludge. Drying was conducted at various temperatures, ranging from 22 to 70°C. The study found that heat pump drying at 22°C resulted in highest chemical oxygen demand removal of 55.3% as well as the least log reduction in methanogens and anaerobes at 1.4 and 2.4, respectively. 相似文献
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NHD脱硫脱碳技术应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
NHD溶剂是一种新型高效脱硫脱碳溶剂,在国内外已广泛用于天然气、油田伴生气、炼厂气、燃料气、煤制气、城市煤气、合成气等工艺气体中H2S、CO2、COS、硫醇等有害成分的脱除。介绍了国内几家化肥厂应用NHD脱硫脱碳装置运行情况,生产中存在的问题及解决办法。 相似文献
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沼气是一种重要的可再生能源,对沼气进行充分高值利用对于缓解我国能源需求和环境压力具有重要意义。沼气在高值利用前必须进行脱碳提纯处理,本文介绍了一种可用于沼气提纯的新技术--水合物分离技术。介绍了水合物分离技术的基本理论,调研总结了水合物法提纯沼气和可用于沼气体系(CH4/CO2)的水合物分离技术研究进展,包括相平衡研究、热力学促进剂、动力学促进剂、机械强化、外场强化、添加多孔介质/纳米流体等和采用油/水乳液促进技术,并对各种水合物分离促进技术进行了分析:相平衡研究为水合物法提纯沼气提供了理论基础;合理地选用热力学和动力学促进剂能够有效改善气体水合物相平衡条件,促进水合物生成,增加储气效果和提高分离效率;机械强化及外场作用通过强化水合反应过程的传质传热效果促进水合物生成;添加多孔介质和纳米流体等能够增大气液接触面积,对水合过程发挥促进作用;采用油/水乳液不但能够强化气液接触,而且微乳状态下的水合物具有很好的流动性,具有良好工业应用前景。最后对水合物法提纯沼气技术进行了展望,水合物提纯沼气研究虽处在起步阶段,但随着研究的不断深入,该技术凭借操作条件温和,对原料气要求低,并且具有操作简单灵活、安全性高、环保无污染等优点,必将在我国沼气产业发展过程中发挥作用。 相似文献