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铝盐混凝剂因其形成絮体大而密实,具有较好的除浊脱色性能,在混凝领域广泛应用,但却存在处理水铝残留问题。本文为更好地促进铝盐混凝剂在水处理领域的应用,详细介绍了铝盐水解物对人体的毒性效应、对输配水管网系统和饮用水深度处理工艺的影响。总结了残留铝生成机理和形态分析方法,阐述了优势形态Al13和Al30的水解过程以及其发挥优势混凝作用的原因。分析了原水水质条件、化学条件、水力条件和前期预处理对残留铝含量的影响。最后,点明了未来控制残留铝的策略和技术。指出未来应结合人工智能复配合成纳米级新型混凝剂,关注混凝过程中水力条件对残留铝的影响,并开发能够精准测量分析水中各类铝形态的方法,不断创新强化净水工艺,进一步完善残留铝控制措施,保障出水水质安全。 相似文献
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水体中残余铝的含量、组分、危害及控制研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
饮用水及水分配系统中的残余铝问题已引起人们的广泛关注。该文在介绍饮用水中残余铝浓度的增加对人体健康、生态系统、水处理工艺和水分配系统可能造成的危害的基础上,列举了国内外饮用水中铝含量的限制标准,分析了影响残余铝浓度及其组分分布的因素,同时详细论述了给水处理中残余铝的组分分离方法以及降低饮用水中残余铝浓度的有效途径,并提出了今后残余铝方向研究工作的建议,以期为在实际饮用水处理中有效控制残留铝含量提供一定的理论指导。 相似文献
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目的分析玻璃瓶装人血白蛋白中铝离子浓度的关键影响因素。方法制备含20μmol/L柠檬酸钠的人血白蛋白样品(A组),A组中加入100μmol/L的柠檬酸钠,使其终浓度为120μmol/L(B组),分装于Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类玻璃瓶中,进行57℃热加速试验,于第0、7、14、21及28天取样,检测铝离子浓度,确定影响铝离子浓度的直接因素;同时检测不同浓度柠檬酸钠(20、40、60、80、100、120μmol/L)对两种玻璃瓶装人血白蛋白中铝浓度的影响。结果热加速试验第28天,Ⅰ类玻璃瓶A、B组样品中铝离子浓度分别为63. 2和238. 1μg/L,Ⅱ类玻璃瓶分别为18. 6和93. 1μg/L,B组铝离子浓度的升高幅度高于A组,Ⅱ类玻璃瓶低于I类玻璃瓶。含80、100、120μmol/L柠檬酸钠浓度的Ⅰ类玻璃瓶装样品铝离子浓度分别为212. 9、178. 4、205μg/L,接近或超过200μg/L的规定,Ⅱ类玻璃瓶样品铝离子浓度均低于200μg/L。结论人血白蛋白中柠檬酸钠是造成产品铝离子浓度升高的直接因素,降低柠檬酸钠浓度及采用Ⅱ类玻璃瓶灌装均可有效抑制铝离子浓度的升高。若使用Ⅰ类玻璃瓶灌装,应控制产品中柠檬酸钠浓度低于60μmol/L。 相似文献
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Wen-Dong Wang Hong-Wei Yang Jing Jiang Zhen-Zhen Ding Wan-Peng Zhu 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2011,28(5):1227-1232
This study aimed to investigate the variation of aluminum species in a drinking water distribution system in a city in northeastern
China. The aluminum species were determined by fluorometric methods. Results showed that suspended aluminum (Sus-Al) was the
major species in the drinking water supplied by plant B and accounted for about 42% of the total aluminum (Tol-Al). The concentrations
of Sus-Al and Tol-Al could be controlled effectively by introducing reservoir water. In the water source switching process,
the water quality variation led to the suddenly release of Sus-Al, especially in a cast iron pipeline that had been in service
for more than 30 years, but the soluble aluminum varied little. In the plant A service areas, the average concentrations of
the inorganic monomeric aluminum (IM-Al), monomeric aluminum (Mon-Al), and soluble aluminum (Sol-Al) were 0.008 mg L−1, 0.03 mg L−1, and 0.04 mg L−1, respectively, and their concentrations in the plant B service areas were higher. The pH and fluoride were the major parameters
affecting the soluble aluminum speciation. With a solution pH of 6.5–7.5 and fluoride below 0.3 mg L−1, the Sol-Al could be controlled within 0.1 mg L−1. Water quality regulation and terminal filtration were suggested for residual aluminum control. 相似文献
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给出了铝合金化学除油及硫酸阳极氧化工艺条件.分析了影响铝合金硫酸阳极氧化膜层颜色的因素,如铝合金成分,机械加工方式,膜层均匀度和腐蚀等. 相似文献
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针对吉林油田稠油热采污水中的油含量高和悬浮质含量高,采用絮凝法处理稠油热采污水,并进行高效絮凝剂的筛选.在对含油污水成分分析的基础上,采用烧杯实验和分光光度法研究了絮凝剂的絮凝效果.筛选出了以无机絮凝剂硫酸铝与两性高分子聚合物CE-3090的复配体系,同时研究了影响絮凝效果的因素并探究了其影响机理.结果表明,在温度40℃,pH值7.72,170 r/min高速搅拌1 min,然后50 r/min低速搅拌5 min,硫酸铝的加量90 mg/L,CE-3090的加量0.5 mg/L,絮凝沉降30min后其絮凝效果较好.试验证明该复配处理剂处理含油污水后,含油量和杂质含量都达到了回注回用及排放标准. 相似文献
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MFI‐type zeolite was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization of clear synthesis mixtures. A statistical experimental design method (the Taguchi method with an L8 orthogonal array) was implemented to optimize the experimental conditions for the preparation of MFI nanocrystals with respect to particle size and distribution as the desirable properties. In the Taguchi experimental design, crystallization temperature, water content, template/silica molar ratio, aluminum content, as well as the presence of alkaline cations were chosen as significant parameters affecting the properties. It was shown that water and aluminum content of the synthesis solution were the most important parameters affecting particle size and distribution. The MFI nanocrystals with an average particle size of 95 nm and the narrow particle size distribution of ± 8.5 nm were synthesized under optimum conditions. 相似文献
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