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对天然胶乳气囊导尿管凝固剂体系进行改进。结果表明:采用"硝酸钙+轻质碳酸钙+异丙醇+甲基纤维素+水"代替"硝酸钙+轻质碳酸钙+水"作首层凝胶的1~#凝固剂,采用"硝酸钙+异丙醇+水"代替"硝酸钙+轻型附型剂+水"作2~#和3~#凝固剂,可大幅减小凝固剂中硝酸钙和轻质碳酸钙含量,降低导尿管产品在临床应用上对患者产生刺激的风险,并减轻对环境的污染,也可有效减少气囊导尿管产品毛刺和凹凸的质量缺陷;相同硝酸钙含量的"硝酸钙+异丙醇+水"比"硝酸钙+乙醇"凝固能力强,更合适用作2~#和3~#凝固剂。 相似文献
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采用NBR胶乳与明胶水溶液共沉的方法对NBR/明胶纺织皮辊胶料的混炼工艺及性能进行了研究。试验结果表明,采用明胶/NBR胶乳并用体系可明显改善明胶与NBR的混炼工艺,缩短混炼时间,提高胶料的弹性。在NBR胶乳中加入10mL水稀释,可改善明胶的分散效果,胶料综合性能较好。明胶/NBR胶乳并用体系中填充适量的白炭黑,可弥补拉伸强度和硬度的损失,其用量以6份为宜。加入表面活性剂对甲苯磺酰胺,可降低胶料的体积电阻率,提高皮辊的抗静电性能 相似文献
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表面活性剂对天然胶乳蛋白质含量影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用表面活性剂直接处理鲜胶乳离心浓缩法制备浓缩胶乳,先用尿素预处理新鲜胶乳后加入表面活性剂处理,再离心浓缩法制备浓缩胶乳。研究表面活性剂种类、尿素预处理时间和预处理温度及新鲜胶乳的pH值对处理所得浓缩胶乳蛋白质含量的影响。同时用傅立叶红外吸收光谱对2种处理方法制备的浓缩胶乳胶膜进行了表征。实验结果表明,鲜胶乳先经尿素预处理一定时间后加入阴离子表面活性剂处理,再离心浓缩制备浓缩胶乳,蛋白质含量显著降低。适宜条件下,浓缩胶乳的氮含量从质量分数0.430%下降至0.089%。红外光谱分析表明,先用尿素预处理新鲜胶乳,然后加入阴离子表面活性剂处理,再离心浓缩制备浓缩胶乳,胶膜在1546cm。处蛋白质的酰胺Ⅱ谱带几乎消失,在3295cm。处N—H的伸缩振动峰明显减弱。 相似文献
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本文就影响两层胶膜结合和外层胶成膜的主要因素的停留时间、配合胶乳硫化程度、浸热水温度和时间、干燥温度等对两次浸胶生产双色浸渍乳胶管成型工艺的影响进行了探索,并应用于生产中,较好的解决了实际生产中两层胶膜结合不牢及外层胶成膜不均匀问题,对双色胶乳浸渍管成型工艺有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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采用硅烷偶联剂KH 550对酸处理后的海泡石进行表面修饰,并与天然胶乳进行乳液共混,制备了有机改性海泡石/天然胶乳复合胶膜。研究了有机改性海泡石的用量对复合胶膜的力学性能及热稳定性的影响。结果表明,偶联剂KH 550可与海泡石表面的羟基反应接枝到海泡石表面。随着有机改性海泡石用量的增加,有机改性海泡石/天然胶乳复合胶膜的500%定伸应力增大,拉伸强度、撕裂强度以及扯断伸长率先增加后减小。当有机改性海泡石的用量为2份时,复合胶膜具有良好的热稳定性。 相似文献
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Using ultrafine calcium carbonate to reinforce natural rubber latex film, the effect of its content on latex properties such as surface tension, viscosity, mechanical stability, and heat stability and the physical properties of latex film before and after aging such as tear strength, modulus, and tensile strength were investigated. The results showed that the surface tension of natural rubber latex reinforced by ultrafine calcium carbonate only changed slightly; when the content of calcium carbonate was less than 20%, the change of viscosity was not obvious, but when the content was greater than 20%, the viscosity significantly lowered. Ultrafine calcium carbonate could effectively improve the tear strength, tensile strength, and modulus of the natural rubber latex film. The modulus increased with the increment of the calcium carbonate. When the content of calcium carbonate was less than 15%, the tear strength and tensile strength increased with the increments of calcium carbonate, but when the content was greater than 15%, the above‐mentioned properties decreased with the increment of calcium carbonate. By comprehensive consideration, the best reinforcing effect was obtained at a content of 15% ultrafine calcium carbonate. The particle diameters of calcium carbonate and their distribution in the calcium carbonate emulsion and in the rubber film were analyzed with SEM and a laser particle size tester, which showed that the distribution of calcium carbonate in the latex film was even and that it could effectively reinforce natural rubber latex film. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 982–985, 2003 相似文献
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Composite natural rubber based latex particles: a novel approach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
K. Sanguansap 《Polymer》2005,46(4):1373-1378
The oil resistance of natural rubber (NR) film could be effectively improved by using the heterocoagulation of large NR particle with small polychloroprene (CR) particles. In the preparation of NR/CR composite particle with a core-shell structure, a nonionic surfactant whose molecule bears poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) was adsorbed on CR particles and allowed to form complexes between PEO and indigenous surfactant (protein-lipid) on the NR particle surface. Composite latex particle obtained was characterised by particle size, zeta potential and glass transition temperature measurements and the data indicated the presence of CR on the outer layer of composite particle. Better oil resistance of film casted from heterocoagulated latex when compared to that of NR film confirmed the NR/CR core-shell structure. The epoxidised natural rubber (ENR), crosslinked ENR and/or skim latex particles were investigated in order to replace the use of CR in the heterocoagulation process. 相似文献
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N. C. Dafader Y. N. Jolly M. E. Haque F. Akhtar M. U. Ahmad 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2013,52(2):267-274
The effect of coagulants on the preparation of dipped film with good physical properties was studied. In order to optimize various parameters like coagulant concentration, latex concentration, and former dipping time in latex and coagulant, the effect of coagulant on the physical properties of radiation vulcanized natural rubber latex film was evaluated. Calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, and ammonium nitrate were used as the coagulant by dissolving either in water or ethanol. Calcium nitrate solution was found to be the best one among the coagulants used. 相似文献
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以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为共聚单体,合成了不同配比的两亲性共聚物P(MMA-co-AM) 乳液,并将制得的P(MMA-co-AM) 共聚物乳液按设定比例与天然乳胶(NRL)共混。通过红外光谱、透射电镜、扫描电镜、力学及耐溶剂性测试,研究了不同共聚单体配比的P(MMA-co-AM)及其添加量对NRL性能的影响。结果表明,两亲性的P(MMA-co-AM)共聚物乳液可有效填补乳胶薄膜表面的孔洞,增强其拉伸强度。利用单体质量比为90:10的P(MMA-co-AM)共聚物乳液,当NRL与共聚物乳液质量比为8:2时,形成的乳胶膜拉伸强度提高了54.19%,而断裂伸长率无显著降低,力学性能最优。同时乳胶膜的耐溶剂性也得到了较大提高。 相似文献
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新型“胶乳法”氯化天然橡胶的研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用新型的"胶乳法"工艺制备氯化天然橡胶(CNR),不仅相对于传统的"溶液法"具有污染少、工艺简单、投资小、成本低等突出优点,而且解决了原"胶乳法"氯化过程橡胶分子交联严重的问题,是CNR的发展方向。介绍了该方法的反应机理、工艺流程、反应历程以及影响氯化反应的因素。研究结果表明:对现行工艺下低浓度胶乳法的氯化反应,可采用经验式预测不同相对反应时间的含氯量。根据氯含量随相对时间的变化规律,可以把反应过程分为2个阶段:高速期和低速期。在CNR氯化反应的第2阶段,反应温度的升高有利于氯含量提高,但温度过高,能量耗费过大,加上要考虑到反应的宏观动力学等因素,CNR氯化的第2阶段反应温度以343.15~353.15 K为宜。第2阶段表面活性剂平平加O的质量分数大于3%,天然胶乳的质量分数小于1%时,引发剂质量分数以0.5%~1%为宜。 相似文献