双组分海岛型超细纤维及其染整工艺研究

采用正交设计对海岛纤维进行了碱减量开纤处理，减量率为25%-35%。在优化条件下：NaOH:15g/L～20g/L;碱减量调节剂：0.1g/L～0.5g/L;耐碱渗透剂；1g/L～5g/L;80℃～85℃；25～30分钟，将海组分COPET除去，获得了0.039dt的超细纤维。此纤维染色时K/S值较高，提升同步性好，三原色临界温度为90℃～120℃，120℃时上染率达到90%、扩散性和迁移性好，获得各项牢度较好的匀染效果。对影响海岛纤维的织物风格、纤维开纤和染色的有关因素进行了讨论。     

束状超细纤维PU合成革染色

选用Erionyl染料的三原色,用三种不同的工艺进行染色。工艺一:98℃染色60分钟;工艺二:65℃染色5 分钟,75℃、85℃染色10分钟,98℃染色60分钟;工艺三:高温高压染色60分钟。研究了束状超细纤维PU合成革的染色性能。结果表明:工艺一的染色牢度较好,但上染率和、K/S值和透染性较差;工艺二的色牢度都能达到三级以上,K/S值、上染率和透染性最好;工艺三的染色牢度最差,上染率高,透染较好K/S值最高。     

期刊文摘

聚酯超细纤维的染色特性和颜色特性分析K. Chen, Z. Chen, J. XingText. Res. J., 2002, 72: 367(5页) 采用4种分散染料对聚酯超细纤维和普通聚酯纤维的染色性能进行了研究,测定了4种分散染料的上染率,K/S值和着色纤维截面的颜色性状。发现在70℃下超细纤维的竭染率很小,特别是对高能量分散染料,这类纤维初始竭染温度较低。还报道了这类超细纤维的一些颜色特征。7篇参考文献。     

阻燃涤纶纤维染色工艺研究

为探究阻燃涤纶纤维染色的最佳工艺,采用红外染色机对阻燃涤纶纤维进行染色,探讨了阻燃涤纶纤维的染色性能,研究染色温度、染色时间、染料与织物百分比(owf)和不同染料对阻燃纤维染色性能的影响,并与常规涤纶纤维染色深度(K/S)值进行对比.试验结果表明,生产染色K/S值为30的纤维时,染色温度130℃时纤维上染百分率最高,owf为2.0％、染色时间为50 min时为最具有经济效益的染色工艺.当染色温度为135℃,owf为5.0％时,纤维的染色深度最深.     

COPEET/HSPET并列复合纤维结晶和热收缩性能的研究

以共聚醚酯(COPEET)及高收缩聚酯(HSPET)为原料,经熔融复合纺丝,制备了COPEET/HSPET初生纤维,将初生纤维经不同热定型温度处理及2倍拉伸后,制得COPEET/HSPET并列复合纤维;对所纺纤维进行热处理,研究了热定型温度、热处理工艺条件对COPEET/HSPET并列复合纤维结晶结构和热收缩性能的影响。结果表明:当热定型温度在150~180℃时,随着热定型温度升高,COPEET/HSPET复合纤维两组分的热焓差越大,其潜在热收缩性越强;180℃热定型所制得COPEET/HSPET复合纤维经90℃,30 min的热处理,热收缩率最大,达52.65%;热收缩率较大的COPEET/HSPET复合纤维卷曲波幅小、卷曲数多且形态较不规整;沸水处理后复合纤维的结晶度明显增加。     

高温型活性染料染粘胶织物应用探讨

探讨了雅格素黄4RN、雅格素红6BN、雅格素藏青GN三支高温型活性染料在不同染色温度条件下染粘胶织物时染料的固色率、表面深度K/S值、染后织物的色光以及色牢度的变化。结果表明,当染色温度变化时,织物大部分色牢度没有明显的变化,但色光和固色率略有变化,其中织物表面深度K/S值在染色温度80℃至90℃时达到最大。     

活性染料配伍因子测定及其影响因素研究

选择了9只高、中、低S.E.F.R.值的活性染料,研究了其配伍值及其影响因素。研究结果表明:染色工艺参数改变时对染料的S、MI、LDF、T50值有明显影响。高S.E.F.R.值的染料,当染色温度在30℃-70℃之间变化,染料的MI%值的变化幅度为12%-20%,并随染色温度的上升而下降,当盐的浓度变化时,MI%值变化不大,但随浴比的升高而升高;中等S.E.F.R.值的染料,染色温度对MI.%值影响不大,随染色浓度的升高而下降,盐浓度的影响较小,而随浴比的升高而上升;低S.E.F.R.的染料,随染色温度上升,染料的MI.%逐渐上升,超过50℃时有所下降,并随着染色浓度的上升而下降,盐的浓度增加MI.%下降,但随浴比的上升而增加。     

海岛复合纤维的聚氨酯革基布碱法开纤的工艺

以水溶性聚酯/聚酰胺海岛复合纤维的聚氨酯革基布为研究对象,以其碱处理后失重率和开纤率综合衡量开纤水平,研究碱液质量浓度、处理温度、时间、渗透剂质量浓度、浴比等对开纤的影响,确定合理的开纤工艺;并测试开纤对革基布透气性、断裂强力和刚度的影响。研究表明,碱液质量浓度、时间、温度、渗透剂质量浓度、浴比的增加,均能促进革基布的开纤,前三者影响较大。开纤合理的工艺是:氢氧化钠溶液质量浓度12 g/L,渗透剂质量浓度2 g/L,温度95℃,时间40 min,浴比40∶1。随着开纤率的增加,革基布透气性明显提高,弯曲长度明显下降,断裂强力先减小后增大。     

聚苯硫醚长丝热稳定性的研究

采用热烘处理方法,研究了聚苯硫醚(PPS)长丝在不同温度条件下的热稳定性能及力学性能。结果表明:PPS长丝在热处理过程中的失重率随温度的提高和时间的延长而增加;断裂伸长率随热处理温度的提高而下降;在80℃恒温下断裂强度几乎不随时间变化,120℃或180℃恒温下断裂强度随热处理时间的延长先增加后减小,但变化不大;当温度为250℃时,断裂强度随热处理时间显著下降;PPS纤维180℃以下性能稳定。     

活性染料配伍因子测定及其影响因素研究

选择了9只高、中、低S.E.F.R.值的活性染料,研究了其配伍值及其影响因素。研究结果表明:染色工艺参数改变时对染料的S、MI、LDF、T50值有明显影响。高S.E.F.R.值的染料,当染色温度在30℃-70℃之间变化,染料的MI%值的变化幅度为12%-20%,并随染色温度的上升而下降,当盐的浓度变化时,MI%值变化不大,但随浴比的升高而升高:中等S.E.F.R.值的染料,染色温度对MI.%值影响不大,随染色浓度的升高而下降,盐浓度的影响较小,而随浴比的升高而上升:低S.E.F.R.的染料,随染色温度上升,染料的MI.%逐渐上升,超过50℃时有所下降,并随着染色浓度的上升而下降,盐的浓度增加MI.%下降,但随浴比的上升而增加。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.