蓝色氧化锆陶瓷的研制

以微米或纳米氧化锆粉体为主原料,钒锆蓝色料或Co3O4为着色剂,添加适量烧结助剂制备蓝色氧化锆陶瓷。研究了氧化锆、助剂、着色剂等对蓝色氧化锆陶瓷颜色及性能的影响。结果表明:用纳米级ZrO2粉体为原料,钒锆蓝色料为着色剂,添加少量烧结助剂,可制得性能优良、颜色亮丽的蓝色氧化锆陶瓷;用纳米级ZrO2为原料,Co3O4为着色剂,添加少量烧结助剂,可制得性能优良、颜色亮丽的钴蓝色氧化锆陶瓷。     

常压水热合成纳米氧化锆工艺研究

以ZrOCl2.8H2O和氨水为主要原料,利用常压水热工艺制备出纳米氧化锆粉体,系统研究了氧氯化锆浓度、pH、反应温度及时间对产物晶型、粒度的影响,得出制备氧化锆纳米粉体的最佳工艺条件。并结合X射线衍射分析、透射电镜等方法对样品进行表征。结果表明,所制得的氧化锆样品为纳米氧化锆粉体,且粒度较均匀、分散性好,平均粒径约为7 nm。     

溶胶-悬浮液混合制备ZrO_(2(n))-Al_2O_3纳米复合陶瓷

采用微波加热水解氧氯化锆及醇水混合液体,制得ZrO_2前驱物——纳米水合氧化锆溶胶。讨论了反应液体中氧氯化锆浓度和醇/水比对生成物平均粒度及其分布的影响;得出了采用聚甲基丙烯酸铵作为电空间稳定剂的亚微米级氧化铝水悬浮液的稳定条件;阐述了溶胶-悬浮液混合制备复合陶瓷的工艺过程。     

PREPARATION OF ZrO_(2(n)) - A1_2O_3 CERAMIC NANOCOMPOSITE BY MIXING SOL WITH AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS

采用微波加热水解氧氯化锆及醇水混合液体,制得ZrO_2前驱物——纳米水合氧化锆溶胶。讨论了反应液体中氧氯化锆浓度和醇/水比对生成物平均粒度及其分布的影响;得出了采用聚甲基丙烯酸铵作为电空间稳定剂的亚微米级氧化铝水悬浮液的稳定条件;阐述了溶胶-悬浮液混合制备复合陶瓷的工艺过程。     

Na2SiO3/ZrO2固体碱催化大豆油制备生物柴油的研究

采用浸渍法制备了固体碱催化剂硅酸钠/二氧化锆（Na₂SiO₃/ZrO₂）,并用其催化大豆油制备生物柴油。考察了催化剂焙烧温度、催化剂焙烧时间、硅与锆物质的量比、醇油物质的量比和催化剂用量等因素对生物柴油产率的影响。X射线衍射（XRD）表征结果显示,引入硅酸钠可调变催化剂中二氧化锆的晶相组成。对催化剂的性能测试表明,当催化剂焙烧温度为600 ℃、催化剂焙烧时间为3 h、硅与锆物质的量比为4、醇油物质的量比为7、催化剂用量（催化剂占大豆油的质量）为3%时,生物柴油的产率最高为92.5%。     

辅助溶胶–凝胶法制备纳米氧化锆粉体

以八水氧氯化锆为锆源,聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物(P123)为分散剂,采用P123辅助溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米氧化锆粉体。在制备过程中,P123经碳化生成的纳米碳颗粒起到了将氧化锆颗粒隔离分散的作用,因此在该方法中无需水洗/醇洗过程去除杂质离子即可获得纳米氧化锆粉体。结果表明:当P123与理论合成氧化锆的质量比为80%,煅烧温度为1 100℃时,能够得到分散性好,粒径分布较窄,中位粒径(D50)仅为158 nm的纳米氧化锆粉体。该方法为环保、高效制备纳米粉体提供了一种新的思路。     

氧化锆质滑板性能的研究

本文以电熔MgO稳定氧化锆（1.5μm）、电熔单斜锆（3～7μm）、共沉淀法制备的单斜锆聚晶（10μm聚晶）为主要原料.通过用电熔镁稳定氧化锆细粉制备出粒径在120目以下的聚晶作为骨料,以电熔单斜锆（3～7μm）作为细粉,可以制备出高强度、高致密度、热震性能较好的氧化锆试样.     

新型Cu/ZrO2环己醇脱氢催化剂的制备

以硝酸铜、氧氯化锆为原料，配制成n(Zr)∶n(Cu)＝（1～4）∶1的溶液，以w（NaOH）＝15％溶液为沉淀剂，采用共沉淀法，制备出新型Cu/ZrO₂环己醇脱氢催化剂。通过正交试验选择出较优的催化剂制备条件为：n(Zr):n(Cu)=2∶1，锆盐初始浓度0.2 mol·L^－1，焙烧时间5 h，焙烧温度400 ℃，滴定终点pH值为12。考察了催化剂预处理、反应温度等对脱氢过程产物收率和选择性的影响。在优化条件下制得的催化剂用于环己醇脱氢时，环己酮产品收率达85%，选择性近100％。     

醇水共沉淀法制备氧化锆超细粉末及团聚控制

以氯氧化锆和氨水为原料，在醇水溶液中制得氧化锆前驱体，经过陈化和低温处理后干燥，前驱体在600℃下煅烧后球磨得到氧化锆超细粉末。采用TG—DSC，XRD，TEM分别对制备的粉末进行了分析。研究表明在共沉淀过程中引入无水乙醇，采用低温处理工艺，能减少粉末的团聚，避免硬团聚的形成。运用该方法可以制备出粒度为20～30nm、少团聚的超细氧化锆粉末。     

分散剂对氧化锆晶型的影响

以氧氯化锆为原料、尿素为沉淀剂,采用不同表面活性剂为分散剂,制备超细氧化锆粉体。实验研究发现,其他条件相同,采用聚乙二醇和聚乙烯醇作分散剂,所制得的氧化锆粉体以单斜晶为主,同时有一定量的四方晶氧化锆生成,且添加聚乙二醇生成的四方晶氧化锆较添加聚乙烯醇时生成的多;采用Span80作分散剂,明显抑制了四方晶氧化锆的生成,可制得较纯的单斜晶氧化锆粉体。另外,采用不同分散剂所制得的产物颗粒形状不同,用聚乙二醇作分散剂可制得纺锤形氧化锆粉体,而用聚乙烯醇或Span80作分散剂则可制得椭球形氧化锆粉体。     

Ionic liquid-templated preparation of mesoporous silica embedded with nanocrystalline sulfated zirconia

A series of mesoporous silicas impregnated with nanocrystalline sulphated zirconia was prepared by a sol-gel process using an ionic liquid-templated route. The physicochemical properties of the mesoporous sulphated zirconia materials were studied using characterisation techniques such as inductively coupled optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Analysis of the new silicas indicates isomorphous substitution of silicon with zirconium and reveals the presence of extremely small (< 10 nm) polydispersed zirconia nanoparticles in the materials with zirconium loadings from 27.77 to 41.4 wt.%.     

Preparation and properties of sulfated zirconia for hydrolysis of ethyl lactate

Sulfated zirconia catalysts are proposed for the reversible hydrolysis of ethyl lactate instead of liquid acids. Sulfated zirconia catalysts were prepared by precipitation-impregnation method. The zirconium hydroxide was produced from zirconium oxychloride by adding aqueous ammonia and then impregnated in sulfuric acid. The solid samples were obtained by filtration and evaporation of the mixtures, respectively. After the samples were calcined, the sulfated zirconia catalysts were prepared. The results showed that the catalyst prepared by evaporation has higher catalytic activity. The physicochemical characteristics of the sulfated zirconia catalysts were studied by thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH₃-TPD) and N₂ adsorption-desorption, respectively. By the precipitation-impregnation-evaporation method, the optimal sulfated zirconia catalyst of tetragonal phase was prepared under liquid-solid ratio of 5ml/g, 1 mol/L of H₂SO₄ and calcination at 650 °C for 3 h. The conversion of the ethyl lactate was 87.8% in 3 h at 85 °C with the catalyst loading 2 wt% and initial molar ratio of water to ethyl lactate 20: 1.     

UV‐curable nanocomposites containing zirconium vinylphosphonate or zirconia

UV‐cured nanocomposite films were prepared from acrylic monomer and two types of nanomaterial: zirconium vinylphosphonate and zirconia, in the presence of a photoinitiator. The films were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and AFM. FTIR spectra showed the disappearance of band assigned to the CC group both of monomer and zirconium vinylphosphonate by polymerization and the presence of the phosphonate group in polymer. The influence of zirconium vinylphosphonate and zirconia content on thermooxidative degradation of polymeric films was studied by thermogravimetry. SEM and AFM images showed that nanomaterials are dispersed in polymer matrix with no macroscopic phase separation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

前驱体法制备氧化锆无机纤维的研究

用前驱体载体溶液浸渍法制备了氧化锆无机纤维,经热处理200℃开始炭化,600℃纤维炭化基本完成。采用TG-DSC分析浸渍前后纤维的热性能,用FT-IR、SEM、XRD分析热处理前后纤维的组织结构。研究结果表明:氧化锆纤维的开始形成温度为400℃;热处理前纤维主要由纤维和锆盐组成,热处理后样品为单一的ZrO2组分;氧化锆纤维制品具有与前驱体纤维相同的物理形貌,单根纤维饱满,直径约为4～5μm;组成纤维的主晶相为t-ZrO2,并随热处理温度的升高出现次相c-ZrO2。     

氯氧化锆前驱体制备纳米氧化锆的机理探讨

介绍了以无机盐氯氧化锆为前驱体，以氢氧化铵为水解促进剂，通过溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化锆的工艺条件。结合XRD和TG—DSC等测试手段，研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化锆的机理。结果表明，锆原子在胶体中是以氢氧化锆四聚物的形式存在的，纳米氧化锆是四聚物脱去质子进一步缩聚的结果。     

活性锆白颜料研究与应用

综述了用化学镀膜工艺制备的Zr-0l、Zr-02型活性锆白颜料是一种用途极其广泛的氧化锆型颜料,又称活性锆白粉.活性锆白颜料的制备,使粉体具有多种功能：耐候性、耐蚀性、悬浮性、疏水性,在卷钢涂料和汽车涂料上已成功应用.并指出今后方向和发展趋势.     

Synthesis of Thermally Stable Tetragonal Zirconia with Large Surface Area and Its Catalytic Activity in the Skeletal Isomerization of 1-Butene

Thermally stable zirconia with a large BET surface area was prepared by using zirconium atrane derivatives and commercial alkyltrimethylammonium bromide. The zirconia samples were characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and N₂ adsorption/desorption analysis. The results showed that the present zirconia existed as a thermally stable tetragonal crystallite and consisted of mesoporous material with microporous contribution. The BET surface area was found larger than 240 m²/g even after calcination at 600 °C. The present zirconia after sulfation was applied to the skeletal isomerization of 1-butene, and its catalytic activity was found superior to that of the conventional sulfated zirconia.     

Preparation of Monodisperse Zirconia Particles by Thermal Hydrolysis in Highly Concentrated Solutions

Monodisperse zirconia particles were prepared by the thermal hydrolysis of mixtures of zirconyl chloride, zirconium hydroxide, and water at high concentrations corresponding to about 5 mol/L Zr. The particles, as first prepared, were temporarily agglomerated spheres composed of primary ultrafine zirconia crystals. The agglomerated particles collapsed and dispersed in water to form a translucent sol. When vacuum dried and followed by heat treatment, they were not dispersible. The size of the agglomerated particles increased with increasing molar ratio of the zirconium chloride in the starting mixture, varying from about 0.2 to 0.6 μm. Using the sample thus obtained, monodisperse tetragonal zirconia particles of about 0.35 μm containing 3 mol% Y₂O₃ with a relatively uniform composition were obtained by homogeneous precipitation of YOHCO₃ by heating with urea and calcination at 800°C.     

Effect of process parameters on the synthesis of mesoporous nanocrystalline zirconia with triblock copolymer as template

Nanocrystalline zirconia powders with high surface area, mesoporous structure and tetragonal crystallite phase have been prepared by the surfactant-assisted route by using of Pluronic P123 block copolymer surfactant. The effect of several process parameters such as the type of zirconium precursor, pH value, refluxing time, refluxing temperature and surfactant to zirconium molar ratio on the structural properties of the powders have been investigated.     

球形四方相氧化锆的水热法合成与表征

以氧氯化锆为原料，尿素为矿化剂，氧化钇为稳定剂，水和乙醇为反应溶剂，结合一步水热的方法，在不添加表面活性剂以及不经过煅烧的前提下，通过改变水热温度、水热时间、醇水比以及氧化钇添加量等条件探究了球形四方相氧化锆的形成机理，制备了结晶性好、粒度分布均匀以及球形度高的四方相氧化锆粉体。