铁锌,铁镍尖晶石材料的高温导电性

首次系统地研究了ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４、ＮｉＦｅ２Ｏ４材料的高温导电性,发现随温度的升高两种材质试样的导电能力均有所改善,得出了两种复合氧化物都具有高温半导体性质的结论。     

硫酸溶液中Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/PbO2阳极在电解过程中的结构变化及失活行为

引　言有机电化学合成以电子作为试剂代替重金属盐氧化剂和严重污染环境的硫化碱等化学还原剂 ,合成过程可在常压、常温或较低温度下进行 ,因此是2 1世纪“绿色化学”研究开发的一个重要领域 .在有机电化学合成的工业开发中 ,得到具有优良性能的电极材料是电有机合成工业化中需     

有机添加剂对Ru0.5Ir0.5O2/Ti电极性能的影响

通过向溶胶凝胶制备体系中加入有机添加剂四乙基氢氧化铵(TEAOH)、四丙基溴化铵(TPABr)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)制备了Ru0.5Ir0.5O2钛基涂层阳极.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安法、极化曲线和强化寿命测试研究了电极的微观结构、电化学性能和稳定性.结果发现,加入TEAOH可显著增大涂层的真实表面积和减小电极的极化程度,从而大大提高电极的电催化活性,同时保持了电极的高稳定性.     

FeS2-H2SO4-H2O体系浸出锰阳极泥

研究了搅拌速率,黄铁矿用量,硫酸浓度,反应温度以及锰阳极泥的颗粒半径对锰浸出率的影响。实验结果表明,当反应温度为85℃,搅拌速率为500 r/min,颗粒半径小于0.15mm,锰阳极泥、黄铁矿、硫酸的质量比为1∶0.75∶0.92时,锰的浸出率可以达到93%。     

Performance of mix‐impregnated CeO2‐Ni/YSZ Anodes for Direct Oxidation of Methane in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

CeO₂‐Ni/YSZ anodes for methane direct oxidation were prepared by the vacuum mix‐impregnation method. By this method, NiO and CeO₂ are obtained from nitrate decomposition and high temperature sintering is avoided, which is different from the preparation of conventional Ni‐yttria‐stabilised zirconia(YSZ) anodes. Impregnating CeO₂ into the anode can improve the cell performance, especially, when CH₄ is used as fuel_. The investigation indicated that CeO₂‐Ni/YSZ anodes calcined at higher temperature exhibited better stability than those calcined at lower temperature. Under the testing temperature of 1,073 K, the anode calcined at 1,073 K exhibited the best performance. The maximum power density of a cell with a 10 wt.‐%CeO₂‐25 wt.‐%Ni anode calcined at 1,073 K reached 480 mW cm^–2 after running on CH₄ for 5 h. At the same time, high discharge current favoured cell operation on CH₄ when using these anodes. No obvious carbon was found on the CeO₂‐Ni anode after testing in CH₄ as revealed from SEM and corresponding linear EDS analysis. In addition, cell performance decreased at the beginning of discharge testing which was attributed to the anode microstructure change observed with SEM.     

High‐temperature stability of YSZ and MSZ ceramic materials in CaF2–MgF2–MgO molten salt system

The high‐temperature stability of YSZ and MSZ specimens was investigated in CaF₂–MgF₂–MgO molten salt at 1200°C. YSZ was mostly composed of m‐ZrO₂ and a small part of YF₃ in the early stages. The formation of YF₃ was attributed to the chemical reaction between Y₂O₃ and MgF₂, which can lead to the leaching of Y₂O₃ from YSZ. With an increase in exposure time, the degraded surface was coarser, and considerable amount of cracks, pores, and spallations were formed. Furthermore, no Y₂O₃ was found up to 120 μm of the YSZ bulk in the early stages. MSZ was composed of t‐ZrO₂ after 24 hours. However, the volume fraction of m‐ZrO₂ was 72% after 72 hours, and CaZrO₃ was formed by the chemical reaction between CaO and ZrO₂ after 168 hours. In addition, the volume fraction of m‐ZrO₂ was 60% in 2.5 wt% MgO and 49% in 10 wt% MgO. In 5 wt% MgO, CaZrO₃ was formed. We demonstrate that the high‐temperature stability of MSZ was better than that of YSZ, and that 10 wt% MgO was much more stable than the other concentrations of MgO.     

二硼化钛在氟化钾溶液中的放电行为

研究了二硼化钛电极在20%(质量分数)KF溶液中的放电性能及其影响因素。试验发现,当放电速率为100 mA/g时,二硼化钛电极总的放电容量可达2000 mA.h/g。二硼化钛电极在20%(质量分数)KF溶液中的放电曲线上出现了4个放电平台,结合循环伏安曲线、ICP及XRD等分析手段对相应的电化学过程进行了分析,提出了二硼化钛发生电化学氧化反应的可能机理。     

锂离子电池层状LiMnO2正极材料的研究进展

论述了锂离子电池层状LiMnO2正极材料的结构、性能、制备、存在的问题和掺杂改性等方面的研究状况,讨论了今后层状LiMnO2的研究趋势.     

不同疏松度TA2基材对RuO2-TiO2阳极性能的影响

采用不同疏松度的工业纯钛TA2为基材制作RuO2-TiO2阳极涂层. 对不同疏松度基材进行了金相、物相、密度、硬度和电阻率分析,并对所制钛阳极的组织结构、形貌特征、电催化活性和耐腐蚀性进行了比较. 结果表明,疏松度大(疏松)的纯钛TA2硬度比疏松度小(密实)的高60 Hv,电阻率高将近0.2 W×mm;不同基材对阳极涂层的晶体结构影响不大,采用疏松纯钛TA2所制电极的涂层由于刻蚀程度难以控制,涂层表面结构较粗糙,电极的电催化活性差,电化学性能略差,析氯电位提高了约10 mV,强化寿命比密实基体短100 min左右,且容易剥落失效.     

金属阳极修复技术与应用

提出了我国金属阳极修复产业的现状及存在问题。根据试验数据提出了修复工艺的选择、去除旧涂层的方法、重涂工艺及涂层配方、加强生产现场质量检测、控制等方面的改进意见及应用于各种钛阳极的修复再生。     

On the manufacturing of low temperature activated Sr0.9La0.1TiO3-δ-Ce1-xGdxO2-δ anodes for solid oxide fuel cell

Lanthanum doped strontium titanate–gadolinium doped cerium oxide (LST-GDC) anodic layers are sintered in air and further reduced in-situ at low temperature (750 °C) avoiding usually performed pre-reduction treatment at high temperature. The influence of various milling techniques and of powders with different specific surface area, on the microstructures of screen-printed anodes, is investigated. The combination of milling and sonication processes is efficient in reducing aggregation of the anode powders. The anode performance is improved when a planetary milling step is involved in the preparation of the screen printing inks. The use of gadolinium doped cerium oxide with high specific surface area decreases the polarization resistance. The rate of hydrogen oxidation is also enhanced by increasing porosity.     

铝用炭阳极制品质量关系分析

通过对国外铝工业及阳极生产发展水平的介绍，借鉴国外对大量预焙炭阳极厂的质量调查数据及分析，了解铝用炭阳极制品各项性能指标与电解过程的相互关系，以及炭阳极性能对电解过程的各项影响因素，以便于通过改进阳极生产工艺及工艺设备，提高铝用炭阳极制品质量。     

In-situ grown hierarchical ZnCo2O4 nanosheets on nickel foam as binder-free anode for lithium ion batteries

Nickle foam-supported hierarchical ZnCo₂O₄ nanosheets was prepared via a facile solution-based method. Porous ZnCo₂O₄ nanosheets were in-situ grown on current collector, forming a binder-free electrode. When evaluated as anode for Lithium ion batteries (LIB_S), the binder-free electrode showed an attractive electrochemical performance. A reversible capacity of 773?mAh?g^?1 could be stably delivered after a 500-cycle test at a current density of 0.25?A?g^?1, with a high capacity retention of 87%. The electrode could maintain a high reversible capacity of 245?mA?h?g^?1 even at an elevated current density of 8.0?A?g^?1. Integrated structure and rich porosity of the binder-free electrode were believed to contribute to the superior performance. Thus, the Nickle foam-supported ZnCo₂O₄ electrode is a promising anode for high performance LIBs in the coming future.     

纳米Sn／SnO2／石墨复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究

以氯化锡、氨水和无水乙醇为原料,采用溶胶一凝胶法制备纳米SnO2粉末,并与石墨、葡萄糖共热制备Sn／SnO2／石墨复合材料。用X射线衍射分析、透射电镜和电化学测试对材料进行了表征。采用该方法制备出的Sn／SnO2／石墨复合材料可逆容量可达680mA·h·g^-1,经过20次循环后容量基本稳定在380mA·h·g^-1。     

AZM-F_2型电解槽阳极气体分离器腐蚀探讨

介绍了ＡＺＭ－ Ｆ２ 型电解槽阳极气体分离器发生电化腐蚀的情况，分析其原因并提出改进措施。     

An ordered mesoporous network consisting of carbon-coated ultrasmall SnO2 nanoparticles with enhanced Lithium storage

An unique ordered mesoporous network consisting of carbon-coated SnO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) is developed by a facile self-assemble strategy via a solvethermal route in which employs N,N-dimethylformamide/H₂O as mixture solvent and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as barrier agent and carbon source. The SnO₂-NPs with an uniform dimension of ~5 nm are observed to interconnect with each other, and assemble into high-compact blocks where abundant mesopores with an average diameter of ~4 nm are found throughout the body. The carbon coating with a thickness of <1 nm are confirmed to exist on these SnO₂-NPs, which is of great importance to avoid the severe sintering that occurs in the case of bare SnO₂-NPs. Furthermore, the carbon coating plays roles in enhancing conductivity and keeping the active particles from being directly contacted with electrolyte, and thus contributes to enhanced reversible capacity of 949 mAh g⁻¹ and improved initial Coulombic efficiency. The composite electrode with a high tap density of 2.0 g cm⁻³ exhibits substantially elevated electrochemical performances, such as a charge capacity of 565 mAh g⁻¹ vs 223 mAh g⁻¹ of common SnO₂-NPs after 60 cycles and greatly improved rate capability, indicating the promising applications of this advanced micro-nano architecture for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.     

SnO2纳米球的制备、结构及电化学性能研究

以Na2SnO3.4H2O为原料,CO(NH2)2为表面活性剂,采用水热法制备了SnO2纳米球。利用X射线衍射（XRD)、扫描电子显微镜（SEM)、比表面积测试仪（BET）及电化学测试仪等研究材料的结构、形貌、比表面积及电化学性能。结果表明,制备的SnO2材料具有较好的球体形貌,颗粒分散均匀,形状规准,半径约为400 nm,结构呈典型的金红石相。在电压范围为0.01~3 V, 200 mA/g的电流密度下进行充放电测试,首次放电比容量为2206.6 mAh/g,50次循环后,放电比容量保持在440 mAh/g,具有较好的循环性能。