热处理对聚芳醚腈/改性石墨复合材料性能的影响

采用邻苯二甲腈预聚物物理包覆的方法改性纳米石墨薄片,熔融挤出制备了聚芳醚腈(PEN)/纳米石墨薄片复合材料。研究了纳米石墨对PEN的增强作用,并重点研究了热处理对复合材料力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,纳米石墨薄片对PEN有很好的增强作用,其质量分数为10%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高了10%和25%。从SEM分析可以看出,邻苯二甲腈预聚物(PNP)改性的纳米石墨薄片均匀地分散在PEN基体中,并且增强了与PEN的界面作用力。PEN/纳米石墨薄片复合材料在290℃热处理2h,其弯曲强度提高40%,玻璃化转变温度提高了13℃,初始分解温度提高了近15℃。从红外图谱可以反映出,复合材料热处理后力学性能和热性能的提高是因为PNP和PEN之间发生了一定程度的交联反应,这种交联反应使PEN与纳米石墨薄片的界面作用力大大增强。     

聚芳醚腈连续纤维增强复合材料制备与性能研究

以双酚A型聚芳醚腈(PEN)为基体树脂,采用预浸渍工艺(溶液预渍工艺)和后浸渍工艺(薄膜叠层法)相结合的方法制备了PEN连续纤维增强复合材料;并研究了以ZnCl2为催化剂在热处理前后PEN复合材料性能的变化。研究结果表明:PEN连续纤维增强复合材料具有很高的力学强度和热稳定性,复合材料经热处理后由于PEN树脂侧链腈基产生交联反应,力学强度和热稳定性得到大幅提高。     

聚芳醚腈改性双邻苯二甲腈树脂及其玻纤复合材料制备

采用聚芳醚腈(PEN)对双邻苯二甲腈树脂(BPH)进行改性,并采用熔融共混粉末法制备PEN/BPH/玻纤复合材料。研究了PEN/BPH树脂体系的反应特性和流变行为,对PEN/BPH/玻纤复合材料的力学性能以及耐热性进行了表征。结果表明:随着PEN用量的增加,PEN/BPH树脂体系的固化反应速率有所提升,而且PEN的引入没有引起BPH耐热性的降低;当PEN的质量分数为10%时,复合材料的力学性能得到了有效的提升。     

玻璃纤维负载纳米TiO2的制备及光催化性能

采用浸渍-提拉法在玻璃纤维(GF)表面负载纳米TiO2,制备TiO2/GF复合光催化剂.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱元素分析(EDS)对TiO2/GF复合光催化剂的结构进行了表征.结果表明,经550 ℃以下热处理,TiO2的晶型为锐钛矿相,随着热处理温度的升高,TiO2的晶型逐渐转化为金红石相.以亚甲基蓝的光催化降解为探针反应,评价TiO2/GF复合材料的光催化活性.复合材料的光催化降解活性与P25相当,且经多次使用后,复合光催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解率仍保持在80%以上.     

无卤阻燃PF/EP/GF布复合材料的固化性能和阻燃性能

采用环氧树脂(EP)作固化剂,2,4,6-三(二甲胺基甲基)-苯酚(DMP30)作固化促进剂改善酚醛树脂(PF)的固化性能,以氢氧化铝和有机磷阻燃剂协同改性其阻燃性能,将其涂覆于玻璃纤维(GF)布上,压制成无卤阻燃PF/EP/GF布复合材料.用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)仪和差示扫描量热(DSC)仪对无卤阻燃PF/EP/GF布复合材料的固化反应机理、固化反应动力学进行了分析研究,并测试了该复合材料的阻燃性能.结果表明,无卤阻燃PF/EP/GF布复合材料的固化反应表观活化能Ea=75.7 kJ/mol、反应级数n=0.91,起始固化温度、固化峰顶温度、固化终止温度分别为108.6、133.2、152.9℃;当氢氧化铝质量分数为14%、DMP30质量分数为1%、有机磷阻燃剂质量分数为4.8%时,无卤阻燃PF/EP/GF布复合材料的固化性能、阻燃性能均达到较佳状态.     

长纤维增强反应注射成型聚氨酯基复合材料固化动力学研究

采用长纤维增强反应注射成型工艺制备了聚氨酯(PUR)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料,为了优化PUR/GF复合材料的固化工艺,运用DSC仪研究了GF对PUR固化动力学特性的影响,计算了PUR/GF复合材料的固化表观活化能和反应级数,并建立了相应的固化反应动力学方程。结果表明,随着GF的加入,PUR的固化特性对升温的敏感性降低,与纯PUR的表观活化能和指前因子相比,加入GF后其值有较大幅度增加,反应级数由0.7805变为0.529 9。GF的加入,使PUR/GF复合材料的固化反应热温度区域变宽,反应热明显减少,固化起始温度变化不大,固化峰值温度和固化终止温度有所升高。     

细菌纤维素增强PA6/GF复合材料的力学性能研究

以细菌纤维素(BC)作为一种辅助增强纤维,对聚酰胺6/玻纤(PA6/GF)复合材料进行进一步增强改性,并对PA6/GF/BC复合材料的力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:当GF用量为10%、BC用量为0.4%时,PA6/GF/BC复合材料的结晶度提高到26.44%,拉伸强度比PA6/GF提高了13.29%,与GF用量为20%的PA6/GF复合材料性能相当,说明BC在PA6改性过程中起到一定的轻量化作用。     

热处理对EP/CF及EP/CF/GF复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空辅助树脂转移模塑（VARTM）技术制备了环氧树脂/碳纤维（EP/CF）和环氧树脂/碳纤维/玻璃纤维毡（EP/CF/GF）复合材料。测试了两种纤维铺层方式中树脂流动距离的平方与流动时间的关系,对两种铺层纤维体系的渗透率进行了研究对比;将两种复合材料进行高温处理,并且对其高温处理前后的力学性能进行分析;利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了复合材料的拉伸断口形貌。结果表明,EP/CF/GF中GF毡的松散结构使树脂更易流动;高温热处理造成了EP/CF弹性模量和拉伸应变的降低,其中弹性模量降低了9.97 %、拉伸应变降低了11.36 %,但对EP/CF/GF的影响较小;GF毡的加入造成了2种复合材料弯曲性能的下降;未经处理的复合材料断口表面光滑,而热处理后的复合材料断口表面粗糙且有大量基体附着。     

排水管道中玻纤增强聚丙烯防腐材料性能研究

本研究制备了玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(PP/GF)复合材料,并研究了玻璃纤维(GF)添加的用量对PP/GF复合材料的力学性能和耐腐蚀性的影响。采用SEM、热失重和强度测试对PP/GF复合材料的形貌和力学性能进行分析。结果表明:GF作为增强体可以在PP材料中呈现出良好的分散状态,GF在PP材料的均匀分散能够提高其作为工程塑料的力学性能、阻燃特性和耐腐蚀性。通过拉伸强度和弯曲强度测试发现,当GF在PP/GF复合材料中的加入量为15%时,复合材料具有最佳的力学性能。     

不同长径比玻纤增强PEEK复合材料的性能研究

以不同长径比玻纤为增强填料,制备了聚醚醚酮/玻纤(PEEK/GF)复合材料,采用DSC、SEM、XRD、TG、DMA等测试了PEEK/GF复合材料的结构,并对其性能进行了表征。结果表明:不同长径比GF在基体中的分散以及与基体的黏结效果对复合材料的熔点、玻璃化转变温度、结晶度、储能模量、力学性能等产生不同影响,其中PEEK/连续长玻纤复合材料的综合性能最优;热处理工艺中,当温度为245℃、时间为6 h时,处理效果最佳,PEEK/连续长玻纤复合材料的拉伸强度提高了17.34%。     

Mechanical,thermal, electrical,and interfacial properties of high‐performance bisphthalonitrile/polyarylene ether nitrile/glass fiber composite laminates

Bisphthalonitrile (BAPh)/polyarylene ether nitrile end‐capped with hydroxyl groups (PEN‐OH) composite laminates reinforced with glass fiber (GF) have been fabricated in this article. The curing behaviors of BAPh/PEN‐OH prepolymers have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic rheological analysis. The results indicate that with the introduction of PEN‐OH the curing temperature of BAPh has decreased to 229.6–234.8°C and BAPh/PEN‐OH prepolymers exhibit large processing windows with relatively low melt viscosity. The BAPh/PEN‐OH/GF composite laminates exhibit tensile strength (272.4–456.5 MPa) and modulus (4.9–10.0 GPa), flexural strength (507.1–560.9 MPa), and flexural modulus (24.0–30.4 GPa) with high thermal (stable up to 538.3°C) and thermal stabilities (stable up to 475.5°C). The dielectric properties of BAPh/PEN‐OH/GF composite laminates have also been investigated, which had little dependence on the frequency. Meanwhile, scanning electron microscopy results show that the BAPh/PEN‐OH/GF composite laminates display excellent interfacial adhesions between the matrix and GFs. Herein, the BAPh/PEN‐OH matrix can be a good matrix for high‐performance polymeric materials and the advanced BAPh/PEN‐OH/GF composite laminates can be used under high temperature environment. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:2160–2168, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

聚苯硫醚对聚芳醚腈的增塑、增韧作用与性能研究

选用聚苯硫醚(PPS)作为聚芳醚腈(PEN)的增塑剂,通过熔融共混的方法制备了PEN/PPS合金,并研究了PPS对PEN的增塑、增韧作用及性能的影响.结果表明,PPS对PEN具有很好的增塑和增韧效果,当PPS质量分数为15%时,大幅提高了PEN的加工流动性和韧性;PEN/PPS合金的其它力学性能和耐热性能与PEN相当.     

Morphology,thermal and mechanical properties of glass fiber‐reinforced crosslinkable poly(arylene ether nitrile)

Crosslinkable poly(arylene ether nitrile)/glass fiber (PEN/GF) composites with high thermal stabilities and mechanical properties were prepared by a economically and environmentally viable method of melt extrusion and injection molding. The feasibility of using PEN/GF composites was investigated by evaluating its morphological, rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties. The morphology shows a good dispersion and strong interfacial interaction between PEN and GF. Thermal studies reveal that the thermal stabilities of PEN/GF are improved significantly with increase of GF content. Mechanical investigation manifested that GFs have strengthening effect (increase in flexural, tensile, and impact strength) on the mechanical performance of PEN composites. Most importantly, crosslinking reaction of PEN/GF composites can further improve their mechanical performances, because a couple of GFs are agglomerated by thermal motion and strong interfacial adhesion and the local agglomeration does not break the global uniform distribution. This work shows that both the enhancement of GF content and the crosslinking reaction of PEN/GF composites are two key factors influencing the thermal and mechanical properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Relationship between tensile properties and ballistic performance of poly(ethylene naphthalate) woven and nonwoven fabrics

In this study, we investigated the effect of tensile properties of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) yarns on the ballistic performance of woven and nonwoven soft and composite armors. The results of ballistic tests of PEN armors were compared with Kevlar 49 armors as a reference. Based on these results, the Cunniff's equation was revised by removing the fiber elongation at break to predict the relationship between tensile properties and ballistic performances of PEN fibers. The calculations showed that by increasing tenacity of PEN fibers from 8.5 g/den (commercial product) to 12.5 g/den (strongest up to date PEN fibers produced by a novel melt spinning process discovered by our research group), the weight ratio of PEN to Kevlar 49 decreased from 1.8 to 1.35 with the same ballistic performance. Contrary to the results of the soft armors, composite armors made of high modulus PEN woven fabric showed a 17% lower ballistic resistance compared to the composite armor made of low modulus PEN woven fabric. The results of ballistic tests indicated that high tenacity PEN fibers produced in this research could have potential in soft and composite armors, and high velocity impact applications or improve performance of PEN in its current applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Effect of polyarylene ether nitriles on processing and mechanical behaviors of phthalonitrile‐epoxy copolymers and glass fiber laminated composites

A series of copolymers and glass fiber composites were successfully prepared from 2,2‐bis [4‐(3,4‐dicyanophenoxy) phenyl] propane (BAPh), epoxy resins E‐44 (EP), and polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) with 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone as curing additive. The gelation time was shortened from 25 min to 4 min when PEN content was 0 wt % and 15 wt %, respectively. PEN could accelerate the crosslinking reaction between the phthalonitrile and epoxy. The initial decomposition temperatures (T_i) of BAPh/EP copolymers and glass fiber composites were all more than 350°C in nitrogen. The T_g of 15 wt % PEN glass fiber composites increased by 21.2°C compared with that of in comparison with BAPh/EP glass fiber composite. The flexural strength of the copolymers and glass fiber composites reached 119.8 MPa and 698.5 MPa which increased by 16.6 MPa and 127.3 MPa in comparison with BAPh/EP composite, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

玻纤增强阻燃PET的研制

研制了一种玻纤增强阻燃聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET),着重考察了滑石粉、苯甲酸钠、Na2CO3、硬脂酸镁、ZnO及自制的几种结晶成核剂对材料力学性能和熔体流动速率的影响。结果表明,在没有加入结晶成核剂的情况下,单独加入玻纤对PET的增强增韧效果并不明显;适当的结晶成核剂能明显提高玻纤增强PET的力学性能,并改善其熔体流动性,促进PET制品定型,缩短生产周期;添加12份十溴二苯醚/Sb2O3复合阻燃剂,可使玻纤增强PET的阻燃性能达到UL94 V-0级。     

玻纤/石墨/聚芳醚腈复合材料的制备与性能

以聚芳醚腈(PEN)为基体,采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制备了玻纤、石墨复合材料,重点研究了两种不同形貌的增强填料对PEN树脂的协同增强作用。测试了不同样品的拉伸、弯曲和冲击等力学性能,利用扫描电镜对拉伸断面进行形貌分析,并对样品进行了TGA测试和流变性能测试。结果表明,大量玻纤以棒状存在于PEN树脂当中,构成骨架结构,使得PEN树脂力学性能大幅度提高,石墨以片层形状存在于PEN树脂与玻纤之间,进一步增强了PEN树脂基体的连接作用,从而使得复合材料力学性能进一步提高;石墨在提高PEN树脂强度的同时能够提高PEN树脂的热稳定性;在相同频率下,PEN基复合材料的储能模量和耗能模量均随玻纤和石墨填料含量增加而提高,低含量的石墨填入对体系的模量和黏度影响较小。     

玻璃纤维增强HDPE熔体流变性能研究

采用毛细管式流变仪研究了不同温度条件下玻璃纤维（以下简称玻纤）增强ＨＤＰＥ复合材料熔体的流变性能，及其与材料界面粘结性、玻纤含量等的关系。实验结果表明：材料界面粘结强度越大，玻纤含量越高，熔体表观粘度对温度的敏感性减弱，对剪切速率的敏感性则增强。对该类材料的成型应选择稍高的加工温度及剪切速率较为适宜。     

聚丙烯/膨胀石墨/碳纤维导热复合材料

研究了聚丙烯(PP)/膨胀石墨(EG)/碳纤维(CF)复合材料的导热、力学以及加工性能.研究发现:当膨胀石墨的质量含量达到20％时,热导率是纯聚丙烯的2倍,但熔体流动性能有所下降;添加1％的聚乙烯蜡可以明显改善体系的熔体流动性能;将膨胀石墨与5％的碳纤维杂化使用,热导率达0.91 W·m-1K-1,是纯聚丙烯的5倍,熔体指数达到1.72 g/10 min,同时该复合材料具有较好的力学性能.     

长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6的力学性能研究

采用一种新的熔融浸渍工艺制备了长玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料,研究了玻纤含量、玻纤长度分布对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,在玻纤质量分数为50％时复合材料的拉伸强度为234MPa,弯曲强度为349MPa,弯曲弹性模量为11．4GPa,缺口冲击强度为313J／m,综合力学性能明显优于短玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料。