热处理对聚芳醚腈/玻璃纤维复合材料性能的影响

选用邻苯二甲腈预聚物(PNP)作为聚芳醚腈(PEN)的增塑剂,通过熔融共混的方法制备了PEN玻/璃纤维(GF)复合材料。利用旋转流变仪研究了PNP对PEN的增塑作用,并重点研究了热处理对含PNP的PEN/GF复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,PNP对PEN具有很好的增塑效果,其质量分数达到8%时能够大幅度提高PEN的加工流动性。PEN/GF复合材料经200℃热处理72 h后,其拉伸强度约提高20%,从差示扫描量热和流变测试反映出这主要是因为热处理使得PNP与PEN和GF之间发生了一定程度的交联反应,这种交联反应使树脂基体与GF的界面作用力大大增强。     

长玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料制备工艺的优化

以连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料为研究对象,在热塑性树脂熔融状态下浸渍纤维的理论模型基础上,开发了连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料实验装置,并对制备得到的预浸条进行了性能评价。结果表明,纤维束在浸渍机头中的停留时间、温度以及树脂基体等都影响到试样的层间剪切强度和力学性能,并在此基础上对制备工艺进行了优化。     

连续碳纤维增强热固性酚醛树脂复合材料的3D打印工艺及性能研究

针对连续碳纤维增强热固性酚醛树脂复合材料3D打印成型工艺的技术难题,本文提出了浸渍-原位预固化-后固化的3D打印成型方案,实现了连续碳纤维增强热固性酚醛树脂复合材料的3D打印成型,并研究浸渍温度对酚醛树脂接触角与表面张力,以及打印工艺对样件形貌和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:当浸渍温度为40 ℃,预固化温度为180 ℃时,纤维-树脂界面结合效果最佳,原料具备成型条件;当打印间距为0.5 mm时,样件的弯曲强度及模量达到最大值,分别为660.00 MPa和57.99 GPa,层间剪切强度达到20.14 MPa。此连续碳纤维增强热固性酚醛树脂复合材料一体化制备工艺解决了3D打印热固性树脂原位成型难的问题,为制备具有复杂结构的连续纤维增强热固性树脂复合材料提供了参考。     

玻纤/石墨/聚芳醚腈复合材料的制备与性能

以聚芳醚腈(PEN)为基体,采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制备了玻纤、石墨复合材料,重点研究了两种不同形貌的增强填料对PEN树脂的协同增强作用。测试了不同样品的拉伸、弯曲和冲击等力学性能,利用扫描电镜对拉伸断面进行形貌分析,并对样品进行了TGA测试和流变性能测试。结果表明,大量玻纤以棒状存在于PEN树脂当中,构成骨架结构,使得PEN树脂力学性能大幅度提高,石墨以片层形状存在于PEN树脂与玻纤之间,进一步增强了PEN树脂基体的连接作用,从而使得复合材料力学性能进一步提高;石墨在提高PEN树脂强度的同时能够提高PEN树脂的热稳定性;在相同频率下,PEN基复合材料的储能模量和耗能模量均随玻纤和石墨填料含量增加而提高,低含量的石墨填入对体系的模量和黏度影响较小。     

先进热塑性树脂基复合材料预浸料的制备及纤维缠绕成型技术

本文简要总结了国内外高性能热塑性树脂的基本性能与开发应用现状.详细论述了预浸渍(反应链增长浸渍工艺、熔融浸渍工艺和溶液浸渍法)和后浸渍(纤维混合法、粉末混合工艺、Fit工艺和薄膜叠层法等)两大类热塑性复合材料预浸料的制备方法,着重介绍了应用较少的溶液浸渍法,并分析了各种制备方法的优缺点.对比分析了热塑性复合材料缠绕成型三条工艺路线(预浸带缠绕/原位固结工艺,预浸带缠绕/后固结工艺和在线浸渍缠绕/原位固结工艺)各自的特点与优势.最后介绍了本课题组采用在线溶液浸渍缠绕/原位固结成型工艺制备连续纤维增强新型可溶性聚芳醚砜酮(PPESK)树脂基复合材料(套筒部件和NOL环)方面所取得的研究进展.     

连续玻纤增强PVC预浸料的制备成型工艺

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂为基相,连续玻纤为增强相,利用湿法粉末浸渍法制备了连续玻璃纤维增强PVC预浸料,研究了牵拉速度、悬浮液浓度和树脂槽压辊包覆角对预浸料纤维含量的影响。结果表明:增加牵拉速度、降低悬浮液浓度和包覆角可以提高预浸料中纤维质量分数,但是当悬浮液浓度大于15%,包覆角大于300°时,纤维含量基本保持不变。将制得的预浸料经热压和冷压后制备了连续玻纤增强PVC复合板材,研究了纤维含量和丙烯酸酯聚合物(ACR)流动改性剂对复合材料力学性能的影响,结果表明:材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度随着纤维含量增加而呈先升后降趋势,在65%时达到最优性能,分别为302MPa和261MPa,加入ACR流动改性剂后材料拉伸强度提升15%左右,弯曲强度提升19%左右。     

连续碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮板材的研究

采用自行设计、组装的连续纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料粉末浸渍试验装置制备了连续碳纤维(CF)增强聚醚醚酮(PEEK)预浸带,再将浸渍带通过热压模塑成型制备出层合板材。通过万能材料试验机、悬臂梁冲击试验机研究了纤维含量和浸渍带铺放方式对板材力学性能的影响。结果表明,在一定范围内CF/PEEK板材弯曲、冲击强度随着纤维含量的增大而提高,拉伸强度达1 124. 89 MPa,约是PEEK纯料的11倍,浸渍带以0°铺放压制的纤维含量为60%的板材力学性能相对最优。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明,纤维被树脂基体紧密包覆,纤维分散均匀、排列紧密、界面黏结性较好。     

热处理对聚芳醚腈/改性石墨复合材料性能的影响

采用邻苯二甲腈预聚物物理包覆的方法改性纳米石墨薄片,熔融挤出制备了聚芳醚腈(PEN)/纳米石墨薄片复合材料。研究了纳米石墨对PEN的增强作用,并重点研究了热处理对复合材料力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,纳米石墨薄片对PEN有很好的增强作用,其质量分数为10%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高了10%和25%。从SEM分析可以看出,邻苯二甲腈预聚物(PNP)改性的纳米石墨薄片均匀地分散在PEN基体中,并且增强了与PEN的界面作用力。PEN/纳米石墨薄片复合材料在290℃热处理2h,其弯曲强度提高40%,玻璃化转变温度提高了13℃,初始分解温度提高了近15℃。从红外图谱可以反映出,复合材料热处理后力学性能和热性能的提高是因为PNP和PEN之间发生了一定程度的交联反应,这种交联反应使PEN与纳米石墨薄片的界面作用力大大增强。     

连续碳纤维增强PPBES基复合材料的力学性能

以共聚型二氮杂萘联苯结构聚醚砜(PPBES)树脂为基体、连续碳纤维(CF)为增强体,通过溶液预浸、热压成型工艺制备单向复合材料.通过对树脂溶液黏度、复合材料纤维体积含量测试,复合材料样条三点弯曲、层间剪切试验,研究了纤维体积含量对复合材料力学性能的影响,并借助SEM断面形貌分析了复合材料受力破坏模式.结果表明:CF/PPBES复合材料的弯曲强度随纤维体积含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,极值出现在CF体积分数60％时;弯曲模量和层间剪切强度随纤维体积含量的增加呈现逐渐增大的趋势;复合材料受力破坏模式以树脂基体内部破坏为主.     

玻璃纤维增强PPBES基复合材料性能

以共聚型二氮杂萘联苯结构聚醚砜(PPBES)树脂为基体,连续玻璃纤维(GF)为增强体,通过溶液预浸,热压成型工艺制备单向复合材料。通过对树脂溶液黏度、复合材料纤维体积含量测试,并对复合材料样条进行三点弯曲、层间剪切试验,研究了纤维体积含量对复合材料力学性能的影响,借助断面形貌分析了复合材料受力破坏模式。结果表明,PPBES/GF复合材料的弯曲强度随纤维体积含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,极值出现在纤维体积含量为57%时,弯曲弹性模量和层间剪切强度随纤维体积含量的增加呈现逐渐增大的趋势,复合材料的受力破坏模式为界面脱粘破坏和树脂基体内部破坏同时存在。     

Morphology,thermal and mechanical properties of glass fiber‐reinforced crosslinkable poly(arylene ether nitrile)

Crosslinkable poly(arylene ether nitrile)/glass fiber (PEN/GF) composites with high thermal stabilities and mechanical properties were prepared by a economically and environmentally viable method of melt extrusion and injection molding. The feasibility of using PEN/GF composites was investigated by evaluating its morphological, rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties. The morphology shows a good dispersion and strong interfacial interaction between PEN and GF. Thermal studies reveal that the thermal stabilities of PEN/GF are improved significantly with increase of GF content. Mechanical investigation manifested that GFs have strengthening effect (increase in flexural, tensile, and impact strength) on the mechanical performance of PEN composites. Most importantly, crosslinking reaction of PEN/GF composites can further improve their mechanical performances, because a couple of GFs are agglomerated by thermal motion and strong interfacial adhesion and the local agglomeration does not break the global uniform distribution. This work shows that both the enhancement of GF content and the crosslinking reaction of PEN/GF composites are two key factors influencing the thermal and mechanical properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Effect of polyarylene ether nitriles on processing and mechanical behaviors of phthalonitrile‐epoxy copolymers and glass fiber laminated composites

A series of copolymers and glass fiber composites were successfully prepared from 2,2‐bis [4‐(3,4‐dicyanophenoxy) phenyl] propane (BAPh), epoxy resins E‐44 (EP), and polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) with 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone as curing additive. The gelation time was shortened from 25 min to 4 min when PEN content was 0 wt % and 15 wt %, respectively. PEN could accelerate the crosslinking reaction between the phthalonitrile and epoxy. The initial decomposition temperatures (T_i) of BAPh/EP copolymers and glass fiber composites were all more than 350°C in nitrogen. The T_g of 15 wt % PEN glass fiber composites increased by 21.2°C compared with that of in comparison with BAPh/EP glass fiber composite. The flexural strength of the copolymers and glass fiber composites reached 119.8 MPa and 698.5 MPa which increased by 16.6 MPa and 127.3 MPa in comparison with BAPh/EP composite, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

玻璃纤维增强尼龙复合材料的力学、耐油脂及耐渗透性能研究

基于尼龙6、尼龙66、透明尼龙6I、聚己二酰间苯二甲胺(MXD6)、玻璃纤维和成核剂通过熔融共混法制备了一系列玻璃纤维增强尼龙复合材料,并对常温下复合材料的力学性能进行了对比研究,此外还考察了材料在不同组成时的耐热老化性能、耐油性能及耐渗透性能。结果显示,材料刚性随MXD6加入比例提升而明显增大,而冲击韧性并未出现明显损失;加入MXD6后的配方体系耐热老化性能和耐油脂性能也明显优于原体系;此外,MXD6与成核剂的协同作用可以使材料具有相对最好的耐渗透性能。     

PEN短纤维增强PET复合材料的结构与性能研究

通过在PET树脂中混入聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂（PEN）短纤维，制备了聚萘二甲酸乙二酯（PEN）增强PET复合材料，并以X射线衍射，DSC，扫描电镜，力学测试等手段分析了样品的结构，热学及力学性能，结果表明：复合材料中的PET树脂呈无定型状态，PEN纤维的加入使PET的冷结晶温度移向高温；此方法能够在一定程度上提高复合材料的断裂强度与初始模量，但可能由于复合材料中纤维含量较低。且与基体的粘结性能尚不理想，造成样品的力学性能随纤维含量和长度的变化规律并不明显。     

Amorphous self-glazed,chopped basalt fiber reinforced,geopolymer-based composites

Geopolymer composites reinforced with refractory, chopped basalt fibers, and low melting glass were fabricated and heat treated at higher temperatures. K₂O·Al₂O₃·4SiO₂·11H₂O was the stoichiometric composition of the potassium-based geopolymer which was produced from water glass (fumed silica, deionized water, potassium hydroxide), and metakaolin. Addition of low melting glass (T_m ~815°C) increased the flexure strength of the composites to ~5 MPa after heat treatment above 1000°C to 1200°C. A Weibull statistical analysis was performed exhibiting how the amorphous self-healing and self-glazing effect of the glass frit significantly improved the flexure strength of the geopolymer and ceramic composites after exposure for 1 hour to high temperatures. At 950-1000°C, the K-based geopolymer converted to primarily a crystalline leucite ceramic, but the basalt fiber remained intact, and the melted glass frit flowed out of the surface cracks and sealed them. 1150℃ was determined to be the optimum heat treatment temperature, as at ≤1200°C, the basalt fibers melt and the strength of the reinforcement in the composites is significantly reduced. The amorphous self-healing and amorphous self-glazing effects of the glass frit significantly improved the room temperature flexure strength of the heat-treated geopolymer and ceramic composites.     

Influence of viscosity ratio on processing and morphology of thermotropic liquid crystal polymer‐reinforced poly(ethylene 2,6‐naphthalate) blends

Thermotropic liquid crystal polymer (TLCP) microfibril‐reinforced poly(ethylene 2,6‐naphthalate) (PEN) composites with various intrinsic viscosities were prepared by a melt compounding method. Polymer composites consisting of bulk cheap polyester with a small amount of expensive TLCP are of interest from a commercial perspective. The TLCP acts as a nucleating agent in the TLCP/PEN composites, enhancing the crystallization of the PEN matrix through heterogeneous nucleation. The structural viscosity index of the TLCP/PEN composites was lower than that of PEN and TLCP, which was attributed to the formation of TLCP fibrillar structures with elongated fibrils in the PEN matrix. The TLCP/PEN composites with higher intrinsic viscosity than the polymer matrix contained these elongated fibrils, and had a TLCP component with a smaller average diameter, and a narrower diameter distribution than TLCP/PEN composites with lower intrinsic viscosity. The higher intrinsic viscosity of the polymer matrix, the higher shear rate and the lower viscosity ratio of TLCP to PEN can all favour TLCP fibrillation in the polymer composites. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

In vitro bioactivity assessment and mechanical properties of novel calcium titanate/borosilicate glass composites

Bioactive calcium titanate/borosilicate glass composites were developed. Powder mixtures of borosilicate glass and 10, 20 or 30 wt% of potassium polytitanate particles were uniaxially pressed and sintered at 850 °C for 1 h. After heat treatment the reaction between potassium polytitanate and borosilicate glass produced composites consisting of calcium titanate particles embedded in a B-rich amorphous phase. For the in vitro bioactivity assessment sintered samples were immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 21 days under physiological conditions of pH and temperature. The compressive strength of the composites was also evaluated. A homogeneous and thick apatite layer was formed on all the materials tested. Furthermore, an appropriate compressive strength was observed (68-85 MPa). These results indicate that these composites are potential materials for bone tissue replacement and regeneration.     

反应性乙丙共聚建筑密封胶的研制

介绍了一种乙酸乙烯酯 -丙烯酸酯共聚体与异氰酸酯混合而成的交联型建筑密封胶 ,该胶对铝合金、玻璃之间的粘接强度好。