电絮凝处理甲基橙废水的实验及动力学模型

采用电絮凝法处理甲基橙模拟染料废水,研究了染料脱色的影响因素及其COD_Cr去除动力学。考察了静置时间、槽电压、极板间距、初始浓度、pH值以及电解质浓度对甲基橙染料脱色效率的影响。结果表明,槽电压为20 V,电流为0.4 A,极板间距为2.5 cm,废水体积为500 ml,甲基橙初始浓度为500 mg·L^-1,溶液pH值为3.0,电解质KCl的浓度为0.5 g·L^-1时,反应10 min后甲基橙脱色率可达97 %。根据电絮凝的絮凝沉淀理论和氧化反应机理,建立COD_Cr去除反应动力学模型,模型与实验数据拟合较好。通过模型参数的预测可以揭示甲基橙降解主要以絮凝沉淀为主,氧化降解为辅,同时溶液中二价铁Fe(II)的增加会影响COD_Cr去除率的下降。     

军光放电降解酸性红染料废水

利用辉光放电这一高级氧化技术处理酸性红染料废水。辉光放电降解酸性红的动力学过程显示,符合一级反应动力学方程;研究了不同条件下（如电压、电极间距和pH）辉光放电降解酸性红的降解效率,得出实验室内辉光放电降解酸性红的最佳试验条件：酸性条件pH3、电压600V和电极间距10mm。在此条件下,辉光放电降解酸性红染料废水具有降解率高、时间短和效果好等优点。     

辉光放电降解酸性红染料废水

利用辉光放电这一高级氧化技术处理酸性红染料废水.辉光放电降解酸性红的动力学过程显示,符合一级反应动力学方程;研究了不同条件下(如电压、电极间距和pH)辉光放电降解酸性红的降解效率,得出实验室内辉光放电降解酸性红的最佳试验条件:酸性条件pH 3、电压600 V和电极间距10 mm.在此条件下,辉光放电降解酸性红染料废水具有降解率高、时间短和效果好等优点.     

碳毡电极用于电芬顿脱色性能及机理研究

为了探究CF电极在电芬顿脱色中的应用性能及机理，通过对阴极材料的对比，建立了以碳毡为阴极的电芬顿降解体系，探讨了不同操作参数如废液pH、O₂流量、电压、Fe²⁺浓度等因素对活性红195染料废水的脱色率、COD去除率的影响。根据实验结果，采用碳毡做阴极，Fe²⁺浓度为20 mg/L,pH为3、O₂流量60 mL/min、电压3 V条件下，反应3 h染料几乎完全脱色，COD去除率可达73.31%；利用猝灭实验初步探讨了染料降解的主要机制，·OH的生成及其强氧化作用是染料降解的主要因素；利用UV-Vis及GC-MS对染料降解机理进行了分析，发现反应前30 min降解速度最快；电极稳定性实验及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)形貌分析证明了碳毡阴极具有良好的电化学稳定性。     

Fe3+-TiO2/AC三维电极处理氨氮模拟废水研究

采用泥浆法制备Fe³⁺-TiO₂/AC复合材料,通过XRD和SEM对复合材料进行表征,以复合材料为粒子电极,石墨板为阴阳极,构建三维电极系统处理氨氮模拟废水,探究电解电压、电解质NaCl浓度、初始pH值及粒子电极投入量对氨氮去除的影响,并应用响应曲面法对处理废水的条件进行优化。结果表明:在电解电压为18 V,电解质NaCl浓度为6.7 g·L^-1,溶液初始pH值为9.00,粒子电极投入量为10.0 g·L^-1时,电解40 min后,氨氮去除率为96.86%。采用响应曲面法优化后,在电解电压为18 V,粒子电极投入量为9.9 g·L^-1,初始pH值为9.10条件下,电解40 min后,氨氮去除率最佳为97.61%。以上研究结论可为氨氮废水的工业处理提供一定的参考。     

不锈钢基PbO2电极电催化氧化降解甲基橙性能的研究

本研究以自制的不锈钢基PbO2电极对25mg·L^-1的甲基橙溶液进行电催化氧化降解。考察了电流密度、支持电解质浓度、溶液pH值、温度等因素对甲基橙脱色率的影响,确定了电催化氧化甲基橙的最佳反应条件,即电流密度为50mA/cm^2,支持电解质Na2SO4的浓度为0．04mol·L^-1,降解20min后,甲基橙脱色率可达到90％以上。本研究还对几种不同印染废水进行了电催化氧化降解,结果表明,不锈钢基PbO2电极对不同的印染废水均有较好的脱色效果。     

双通道放电等离子体处理模拟酸性紫红染料废水

采用低温等离子体技术,在自行设计的双通道放电等离子体装置中,对模拟酸性紫红染料废水进行了降解研究.考察了电极距液面间距、液层厚度、初始浓度、pH等因素对酸性紫红废水脱色率的影响.结果显示,电极距液面间距越小,废水脱色率越高;随着液层厚度的增大,相同时间下脱色率降低;随着初始浓度的增大,在相同放电时间下脱色率降低,随着时间的延长,不同浓度的染料废水脱色率都可达到90%以上;pH对脱色率的影响不大.结论表明自行设计的双通道放电等离子体装置对模拟酸性紫红染料废水的脱色率高,同时具有处理时间短,对废水的操作条件较宽,不受pH的限制等优势.     

电絮凝法处理模拟罗丹明B废水的研究

实验研究了槽电压、电极间距、反应时间、初始废水pH值、初始染料溶液浓度等因素对模拟罗丹明B废水色度去除率的影响.研究结果表明,槽电压越大,脱色效果越好,但当大于某个值时,处理效果的提高并不明显,且能耗增大;电极间距越小,处理效果越好,但容易短路;铁阳极在酸性条件下,易溶解,但Fe2 颜色影响色度测量,在碱性条件下,易钝化,综合考虑,pH接近于7较好;电絮凝法对低浓度的废水处理效果较好.在槽电压为17 V,电极间距为1.5 cm,pH=4的条件下,降解90 min,浓度小于1000 mg·L-1的废水,色度脱除率都可达到99 %以上,COD也能得到有效去除.     

电催化-光化组合物化技术处理活性黄模拟染料废水的研究

偶氮废水成分复杂、有机物浓度高、难降解等特点,是难以处理的工业废水之一。本研究采用电催化-光化组合物化技术,以活性黄染料为处理对象,对模拟染料废水的处理优化条件进行探究。在一定电压条件下,考察了溶液初始pH值、电解质NaCl浓度、染液温度,以及染液流速对电解处理效果的影响;处理后的废水继续进行紫外光汞灯光化降解处理。研究结果表明,在pH=4、C_(Nacl)=0.2g/L、T=20℃、V=65.46ul/min、t_(光化)=30mins的条件下,活性黄模拟染料废水的脱色率达95%,COD去除率达67%。     

Ti/Ru-Ir电极电催化氧化降解聚丙烯酰胺废水

以钛极板为阴极、钌铱电极为阳极,对聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)废水进行电催化氧化降解,探讨了电流密度、极板间距、PAM初始浓度、初始pH值等因素对PAM降解率的影响.确定最佳降解条件为:电流密度30 mA·cm-2、极板间距3 cm、初始pH值6,在此条件下,对1 L PAM初始浓度为500 mg·L-1的PAM模拟废水进行电...     

Studies on degradation of triphenylmethane dye crystal violet by electro-flotation device

Electrolysis technology is very effective in removing organic pollutants including dye wastewater and takes into account environmental friendliness. This paper deals with the electrochemical degradation of triphenylmethane dye crystal violet (DCV) from the aqueous solution using 304 stainless steel electrodes. The electrolytic cell device with a flotation column structure was set up and the electrolytic degradation process was studied. It could be found that the DCV removal efficiency and reaction rate constants were fitting the first-order kinetic model. The process performance was analyzed in terms of degradation efficiency and energy consumption. Almost complete degradation (>98%) of 100 mg/L DCV was achieved after the 40 min reaction under the conditions of 300 mg/L NaCl dosage, nature pH (5–7), and 10 V applied voltage. Finally, the behaviours of degradation were studied. In the process of electrochemical degradation, the synergistic effects of electrode electrolysis, including indirect oxidation of electrolyte, hydroxyl radical, flocculation, and air flotation, removed the dye pollutants from the wastewater. The present study has proved the effectiveness and cleanness of electrochemical treatment for the triphenylmethane dye solution.     

油田污水的可生化性及生化反应动力学

以油田污水为研究对象,采用电化学氧化工艺来提高污水的可生化性,考察了不同因素对除污效果的影响。利用正交实验设计确定电化学氧化最佳工艺参数为:电解电压20 V,pH值5,极板间距2.0 cm,阳极为Ti/Ir形稳电极、双向脉冲电源,在此条件下电解30 min,油田污水COD去除率达到70%。利用BOD5/CODC r比值法和微生物呼吸速率法对污水的可生化性进行了研究,2种实验方法均表明处理前油田污水的可生化性较差,而经电化学氧化工艺处理后的污水可进行生化处理,同时在微生物呼吸速率法的基础上探讨了微生物的生化反应动力学,结果表明,实验条件下微生物的呼吸速率都严格遵循一级动力学关系式。     

基于Ti/SnO2阳极的电化学法降解对硝基苯酚

为探寻硝基芳香族有机污染物的高效降解技术,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了钛基锡系阳极,且掺杂Sb、La等元素对该电极材料进行了改性,并把该系列电极用于电化学处理模拟对硝基苯酚废水。通过SEM和XRD对电极形貌进行表征,分析了元素掺杂改善电极性能的机理,考察了电解条件对电化学降解对硝基苯酚效果的影响,探究了电场因素对电化学体系降解废水的影响机制。通过紫外吸收光谱分析推断了对硝基苯酚在电化学作用下可能的降解历程。研究结果表明：同时掺杂La和Sb的电极降解对硝基苯酚效果最好;在电解电压12 V、极板间距25 mm、pH值为7、电解质浓度0.5 mol/L的条件下电解120 min,对硝基苯酚的降解率可达92.8%,可见应用掺杂La、Sb的Ti/SnO2电极材料的电化学法降解对硝基苯酚优势相当明显。     

铁碳微电解处理印染废水的效能及生物毒性变化

为了提高铁碳微电解工艺处理实际印染废水的效率，采用响应面法进行工艺条件优化。以COD去除率为响应值，初始pH、铁投加量、铁碳质量比及反应时间为实验因素，构建响应面模型，分析模型的显著性。结果表明：当初始pH为3.53、铁投加量为83.92g/L、铁碳质量比为0.82及反应时间为78.48min时，COD去除率的预测值为75.25%，与实测值相差0.23%（＜2%），可以利用该模型预测COD去除率的变化。同时采用大肠杆菌对铁碳微电解工艺进出水的生物毒性进行检测，与进水组相比，出水组中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放量由对照组的2.13倍下降至对照组的1.64倍，同时活性氧物质（ROS）产生水平由对照组的19.26倍下降至对照组的4.81倍，细胞死亡率由98.1%下降至61.5%，对数期由5h延长至9h，且BOD₅/COD从0.151升至0.416，因此铁碳微电解工艺具有降低印染废水生物毒性的作用。     

Optimization of continuous electrocoagulation-adsorption combined process for the treatment of a textile effluent

The aims of this study is to design and optimize the functioning of a full continuous combined process based on electrocoagulaion-adsorption on crude Tunisian clay to treat a real textile effluent. The clay characterization shows that the used clay is a rich-smectite clay. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique based on Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the process. At optimum conditions which are initial pH solution of 8.24, effluent flow rate of 0.5 L·min^-1, voltage of 70 V, and added suspension of clay flow rate of 100 ml·min^-1 the achieved color, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid (TSS) removal efficiencies were respectively 96.87%, 89.77% and 84.46% with 0.75USD·m^-3 as total cost. The additional laboratory experiments at optimum conditions agree with the predicted results, which confirm the accuracy and the capability of RSM to predict results in the defined space. Finally the designed process could be a good eco-friendly alternative to treat and reuse wastewater in industrial process with reasonable cost.     

电解法降解刚果红染料废水的研究

应用自制电化学反应器对刚果红染料废水进行电解降解。研究了电解时间、废水pH值、电压、溶液初始浓度等对刚果红电解去除效果的影响,确定了最佳的降解条件：电压5V,电解质硫酸钠加入量15m∥L,电解时间4h。刚果红降解率达到74．1％。     

Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of polluted kaolinite with an azo dye

In this work, the feasibility of the combination of electrokinetic remediation and electrochemical oxidation for the remediation of polluted soil with organic compounds had been development and evaluated in kaolinite spiked with Reactive Black 5 (RB5) an azo dye. The process consists in the use of two combined phenomena to achieve a full remediation of RB5 spiked kaolinite and the degradation of the organic pollutant. Those phenomena were soil electrokinetic treatment combined to liquid electrochemical oxidation. Reactive Black 5 (0.39 g dye kg⁻¹) could be effectively removed from the kaolinite matrix by electrokinetics, however the removal results largely depended on the operating conditions. Complete removal of RB5 was achieved using K₂SO₄ as processing fluid (which enhanced the desorption of RB5 from the kaolinite matrix) and operating with pH control at 7 on the anode. This favoured the alkalinization of the system and, at high pH values, RB5 was ionized and migrated towards the anode chamber where it was collected and could be oxidized electrochemically. Also, it must be pointed out that in these optimized conditions the electric power consumption (56 kW/mg of removed dye) was ten times lower compared to the unenhanced electrokinetic process (with no pH-control in the electrode solutions). Separate electrochemical decolourization tests of RB5 showed the effectiveness of K₂SO₄ in the efficiency of the process. A linear relationship between K₂SO₄ concentration and the decolourization rate was found. Thus, nearly complete decolourization was achieved after 2 and 3 h of electrochemical treatment when the electrolyte concentration was 0.1 and 0.01 M of K₂SO₄, respectively.     

几种电化学法处理苯酚废水对比试验研究

以苯酚模拟废水为研究对象,对几种电化学法处理苯酚废水的效果进行对比研究,采用正交试验对pH值、电解电压、电解质浓度,电解时间等4个因素对苯酚去除率的影响进行分析,并确定最佳反应条件。试验结果表明,电催化氧化法处理苯酚废水的最佳反应条件为:pH值为6,电解电压为9 V,电解质的质量浓度为20 g/L,电解时间为120 min;电-Fenton法处理苯酚废水的最佳反应条件为:pH值为3,电解电压为9 V,电解质的质量浓度为20 g/L,电解时间为120 min;在此基础上,三维电极法最佳活性炭投加量为150 g/L。4种电化学法处理苯酚废水效果的优劣顺序依次为:三维电极与电-Fenton耦合法三维电极法电-Fenton法电催化氧化法。