石油发酵尼龙1212热性能的研究

通过热氧老化试验，考察了热氧对尼龙1212拉伸屈服应力、拉伸断裂应力、冲击强度、断裂伸长率、熔点、熔融热的影响。用热分析仪研究了尼龙1212在N2中的降解情况和热降解动力学，求得其平衡热降解温度、降解反应级数和降解活化能。     

石油发酵尼龙1313热降解性能的研究

利用热重分析和差示热重分析法研究了石油发酵尼龙1313在N2气流中以不同速率升温时的热降解过程及其动力学，发现尼龙1313的热降解过程为一步反应；随着升温速率的增大，降解温度线性升高，降解率则变化不大；分别用Coats-Redfem方法、Ozawa方法和Friedman方法进行了反应动力学处理，确定尼龙1313的表观降解反应级数为1．0,反应活化能为277．8kJ／mol左右。     

热爆发活化能研究

通过分析影响含能材料热爆发参数的一些因素,指出了热爆发活化能用于全面评价热感度的重要意义.提出了可以通过热爆发活化能把5s爆发点试验与撞击感度试验相关联,并获得特性落高能的对数与热爆发活化能线性相关的线性经验式.     

ANTI-6阻燃聚丙烯的热降解动力学研究

开发的新型无卤膨胀阻燃剂ANTI-6对聚丙烯(PP)进行阻燃改性。利用热重分析仪研究了PP/ANTI-6体系的热降解行为,探讨了阻燃性能与热行为的关系。结果发现,ANTI-6阻燃剂的加入使PP的反应活化能在不同阶段均有较大提升,在失重初期(6%),ANTI-6能使得PP快速脱水并生成刚性膨胀炭化物形成防火层。随着温度升高,PP/ANTI-6体系的反应活化能会有所下降;失重大于25%后,反应活化能呈快速上升趋势。PP/ANTI-6体系阻燃性能显著提升的同时,其力学性能变化不大。     

聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯共聚己二酸丁二醇酯热降解动力学研究

为了研究对比聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯共聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA)以及聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)的热稳定性,采用热失重(TG)分析法研究了三种树脂的热降解行为.使用Kinssinger法、Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法以及Coats-Redern法对三种树脂的热降解表观活化能以及反应机理进行了分析.结果表明:PBAT共聚酯中PBA结构单元的引入,改变了 PBT的分子结构,导致其降解行为与PBT、PBA产生偏差;表现为PBAT在热降解反应的初期,降解活化能略低,但在反应后期,降解活化能逐渐升高,其降解行为介于PBA和PBT之间.Kinssinger法得到了三种树脂在最大分解温度下的表观活化能,分别为 PBA 229.5 kJ/mol、PBAT 220.5 kJ/mol、PBT 220.4 kJ/mol;Flynn-Wall-Ozawa 法得到了不同反应程度下的表观活化能,其中PBA的表观活化能在155～212 kJ/mol之间,PBAT的表观活化能在186～211 kJ/mol,PBT的表观活化能在199～212 kJ/mol;Coats-Redern法计算了不同反应机理下的表观活化能,确定了三种树脂具有相同的界面扩散反应机理,反应级数约为2/3.     

NR/BR并用硫化胶热氧降解动力学研究

用热重分析法（ＴＧ）研究了天然橡胶／顺丁橡胶（ＮＲ／ＢＲ）并用硫化胶在室温至５００℃范围的热氧降解动力学。由Ｃｏａｔｓ－Ｒｅｄｆｅｒｎ法求得了两个降解阶段的反应级数和活化能，用Ｄｏｙｌｅ法计算了并用胶不同降解程度的表观活化能和频率因子，获得了相应的反应速率常数－温度（ｋ－Ｔ）关系，并用Ｆｕｏｓｓ方程计算了ＮＲ和ＢＲ氧化的活化能。     

基于DSC实验的液态硅橡胶反应注射成型模拟

采用差示扫描量热法测定了液态硅橡胶的反应固化曲线,得到了固化度和固化速率之间的对应关系,拟合得到了该材料反应固化模型的反应速率常数、反应级数和反应活化能,并通过Moldflow软件进行反应注射成型的模拟,得到了注射压力和固化度,注射压力模拟值与生产中的实际值相差约10 %。     

各向同性沥青的热性能

以不同软化点的乙烯裂解焦油调制的各向同性沥青为原料。通过热失重和差热分析，得到不同沥青的ＤＴＡ和ＴＧ曲线，并通过计算机拟合逼近处理，求出沥青样品的氧化活化能和反应级数等数据。不同软化点调制的沥青，其氧化级数均为一级反应，而软化点与氧化反应活化能间没有明显规律性关系，但升温速率对氧化反应的影响有明显规律。说明通过热分析可以预测不同沥青的预氧化碳化处理性能。     

聚甲醛的热氧降解研究

本文用动态热重分析方法研究了聚甲醛的热氧降解动力学,采用Ozawa方法,计算了POM热氧降解反应的活化能,反应级数和频率因子。根据寿命和活化能的关系,估算了POM在氮气中的使用寿命。     

仪纶共聚酯热降解动力学研究

使用热失重分析法(TGA)研究了聚酰胺酯(仪纶共聚酯)的热降解动力学。结果表明:仪纶共聚酯与常规半消光聚酯(PET)和聚己内酰胺(PA6)相比,其降解行为更接近PA6:在热降解反应初期其降解活化能略低,但在反应后期降解活化能较高;仪纶共聚酯中少量聚酰胺组分的引入,很大程度上改变了聚酯的分子结构,导致其降解机理与PET差异较大,表现为单核粒子随机成核机理。     

The behaviour of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with graphite ferric chloride

Composition pressure isotherms of H₂ and CO on graphite-ferric chloride rule out the possibility that the modified chemical or catalytic activity of metal intercalated graphite is the result of diffusion of reacting species between the layer planes. The catalytic activity for hydrocarbon synthesis develops by the thermal decomposition of FeCl₃ to FeCl₂ + Cl₂ and is caused only by that fraction that diffuses out of the graphite     

Effect of the mass fraction of a binder in a thermal protective coating on the heat and mass exchange with a high-enthalpy gas flow

The properties of two modifications of a thermal protective coating based on phenolformaldehyde resin and carbon fabric with various portions of the components were studied experimentally. The results are used for mathematical simulation of the ablation of the materials during thermochemical degradation in a high-enthalpy gas flow. It is shown that a decrease in the mass fraction of the polymer binder has an ambiguous effect on the rate of ablation because of changes in thermal characteristics and increase in the thickness of the reacting layer under long-duration external thermal action. Translated fromFizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 48–55, November–December 1998.     

Experimental investigation of axial and radial thermal dispersion in a packed bed

Axial and radial thermal dispersion coefficients are estimated under nonreacting and reacting conditions in an almost adiabatic packed bed using steady state temperature profiles and dynamic data simultaneously.Under nonreacting conditions it is concluded that in order to obtain reliable estimates of axial thermal dispersion coefficients it is necessary to incUnder reacting conditions the parameter estimates obtained for the thermal residence time and the axial thermal dispersion coefficient differ significa     

Thermal Decomposition of Some Acetoxyoctadecenoates and Acetoxyoctadecadienoates

The rates of the thermal decomposition (dehydroacetoxylation) and the activation energies of the following three samples have been determined: A) acetylated methyl ricinoleate; B) methyl ester mixture of vicinally unsaturated acetoxyoctadecenoates prepared by reacting methyl oleate and mercuric acetate in acetic acid; C) methyl ester mixture of vicinally unsaturated acetoxyoctadecadienoates prepared by reacting methyl linoleate and mercuric acetate in acetic acid. The thermal decomposition is shown to be a first-order reaction.     

ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER IN A NON-ISOTHERMAL SOLID-GAS REACTING MEDIUM

This article concerns the thermal phenomena occurring in a reacting solid-gas porous medium. The practical application envisaged is the use of these media in chemical heat pumps (CHPs).

The procedure chosen allowed us to almost totally separate the determination of the kinetic characteristics of the medium, presented in the previous article, from the study of the thermal phenomena presented here.

The thermal parameters were estimated or identified, depending on their influence, quite satisfactorily.

Moreover, we show that it is possible to exploit more limited experimental data, by modifying the procedure, to obtain a sufficiently good understanding of the reacting medium. This technique was applied in the study of the effect of mixing a conducting binder with the medium on its thermal parameters.

This model is also used to test configurations having different thicknesses of the reacting bed.     

Structural modification of brominated epoxy resins by reaction with phosphoric or poly(phosphoric acid)

A modification process of some commercial brominated epoxy resins by reacting them with phosphoric or poly(phosphoric acid) is described. The influence of the reactants ratio on the thermal stability of the modified resins was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The resin obtained from complete esterification of phosphoric acid showed the highest thermal stability. In addition, the resins prepared by reacting phosphoric acid with brominated epoxy resins of different molecular weight were thermally characterized by DSC and TGA. Most of the modified resins were thermally more stable than the corresponding unmodified resins. The chemical reactions that possibly take place during the process are discussed. Furthermore, the structure of the modified resins was investigated by Fourier-transform-infrared (FT–IR) spectroscopy.     

线形和星形聚L-丙交酯大分子单体的合成

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,分别以聚乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、甘露醇和山梨醇等和L-丙交酯反应,得到末端为羟基的线形和星形聚L-丙交酯。通过和甲基丙烯酰氯反应,在上述线形和星形聚L-丙交酯成功引入双键,得到了相应的反应性大分子单体,其双键的存在经红外谱图和高锰酸钾试验得到证实。通过在过氧化二苯甲酰引发下的热交联,研究了上述大分子单体的反应性,发现端基数对交联产物的性质有一定影响。溶解试验、凝胶含量测定和热重分析表明,端基数目较多的大分子单体的交联产物有较高的凝胶含量,交联密度较大,热性能较好。     

Determination of Temperature‐Dependent Heat Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Waste Glass Melter Feed

The cold cap is a layer of reacting glass batch floating on the surface of melt in an all‐electric continuous glass melter. The heat needed for the conversion of the melter feed to molten glass must be transferred to and through the cold cap. Since the heat flux into the cold cap influences the rate of melting, the heat conductivity is a key property of the reacting feed. We designed an experimental setup consisting of a large cylindrical crucible with an assembly of thermocouples (TC) that monitors the evolution of the temperature field while the crucible is heated at a constant rate. Then we used two methods to calculate the heat conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the reacting feed: the approximation of the temperature field by polynomial functions and the finite‐volume method (FVM) coupled with least‐squares analysis. Up to 680°C, the heat conductivity of the reacting melter feed was represented by a linear function of temperature.     

利用C5馏分生产TAME的现状及展望

甲基叔戊基醚（ＴＡＭＥ） 由Ｃ５ 馏分中的异戊烯和甲醇反应制得。介绍了国外ＣＤＴＥＣＨ、ＵＯＰ、ＩＦＰ、ＡＲＣＯ、ＳＮＡＭ、ＮＥＳＴＥ等公司的ＴＡＭＥ工艺技术,其中,催化蒸馏工艺是最先进的。还介绍了国内的ＴＡＭＥ研究及开发情况。目前,国内的ＴＡＭＥ 还处于起步阶段,只有抚顺建有一套催化裂化轻汽油醚化工业化装置。利用Ｃ５ 馏分合成ＴＡＭＥ 是急待研究、开发的课题。     

有机硅单体生产中副产物的转化和利用

近年来,随着国内经济的不断发展,许多新型材料应运而生．有机硅材料因其优异的性能和独特的功能得到了普遍关注,有机硅工业因而迅速发展成为技术密集、在国民经济中占有一定地位的新型化工体系．