环氧树脂/芳纶布复合材料性能研究与应用

研究了3233环氧树脂/796芳纶布复合材料的力学性能。结果表明,3233环氧树脂/796芳纶布复合材料的常规性能和耐热性较好,采用模压法和热压罐法成型的层压板性能相当,夹层板的滚筒剥离强度高,树脂基体具有韧性,扫描电镜观察发现复合材料的界面粘接情况良好。该预浸料已用于直升机次承力结构。     

聚醚砜／碳纤维复合材料的力学行为研究

本文介绍了用湿法制造预浸布,再以模压法成型几种组分不同的聚醚砜/碳纤维(PES/CF)层压板,分析比较了PES/CF复合材料的拉伸、弯曲和层剪性能。用仪器化Charpy冲击试验方法测定了PES/CF复合材料的冲击性能;并用线弹性和弹塑性断裂力学原理分析了PES/CF复合材断的Ⅱ型层间断裂行为。断口形貌表明,PES/CF复合材料的界面粘接情况良好。     

低密度高导热CF/EP复合材料的制备及性能

将碳纳米管(CNT)和空心玻璃微珠(HGS)添加到环氧树脂(EP)中,利用模压工艺制备碳纤维(CF)/EP复合材料。结果表明：同时添加CNT和HGS可以有效降低CF/EP复合材料的密度,改善复合材料的力学性能,提高复合材料的导热性能,且当CNT和HGS质量比为1∶4时,复合材料综合性能最优,与不添加CNT和HGS的CF/EP复合材料相比,该复合材料的密度下降了8.8%,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了22.0%和30.1%,拉伸强度提高了8.9%,导热系数提高了87.1%。     

硒掺杂对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料导电性能及机敏性的影响

以锗硒玻璃(GeSe_4)作为硒源制备一维硒纳米纤维(SeF),将其与碳纤维(CF)按一定体积比混杂,制备硒/碳共混环氧树脂(SeF/CF/EP)复合材料。测量SeF掺杂前后复合材料的体积电阻率变化,分析SeF/CF混杂比对材料导电机敏性的影响。结果表明,SeF掺杂前,碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料(CF/EP)体积电阻率随纤维长度的增大而降低,随CF含量的增加呈阶段性减小趋势,2、4和6 mm长度的CF/EP复合材料的渗滤阈值分别为0.9%、0.3%和0.05%,随温度的升高,CF/EP复合材料先后呈现正温度效应(PTC)和负温度效应(NTC),无明显光敏特性;SeF掺杂后,复合材料导电性能显著提高,当SeF/CF体积比为3.06时,材料体积电阻率较掺杂前下降91%,随温度的升高,SeF/CF/EP复合材料的体积电阻率始终保持PTC效应,光敏特性显著增强。     

多层纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料结构设计与电磁屏蔽效能预测模型

构建渐进导电网络结构是一种降低导电材料电磁波反射率的有效策略。利用芳纶纤维(AF)、还原氧化石墨烯负载芳纶纤维(rGO@AF)与碳纤维(CF),制备多层纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料(AF/rGO@AF/CF/EP),研究CF/EP和AF/rGO@AF/CF/EP的电磁屏蔽性能。通过单层纤维的电磁参数和电导率预测,得到多层纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料电磁屏蔽效能的简化模型。结果表明：单层CF/EP的反射损耗效能(SER)为12.3 dB,总电磁屏蔽效能(SE_T)为40.2 dB,与之相比,AF/rGO@AF/CF/EP的SER降至9.6 dB,SE_T提高至43.6 dB,说明梯度导电网络结构在保证材料屏蔽效能的同时降低复合材料的反射损耗。利用简化模型得到AF/rGO@AF/CF/EP的电磁屏蔽效能为42.6 dB,表明该模型准确预测多层结构复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能。     

聚吡咯层对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料界面粘结性能的影响

以三氯化铁为氧化剂,采用吡咯液相沉积聚合方法制备聚吡咯-碳纤维(PPy-CF),然后与环氧树脂(EP)复合,制得PPy-CF/EP复合材料,并对其进行拉伸性能测试,研究了聚合温度对PPy-CF/EP复合材料界面剪切强度(IFSS)的影响。结果表明:在CF表面吡咯沉积聚合最佳工艺条件为聚合温度70℃,时间30min,经过吡咯沉积聚合改性后,得到的PPy-CF/EP复合材料的IFSS有所提高;最佳条件下制得的PPy-CF/EP复合材料的IFSS是CF/EP复合材料的1.24倍;在PPy-CF中,PPy与CF之间无化学键作用,PPy-CF/EP复合材料的IFSS与PPy-CF表面含氧基团和粗糙度有关;吡咯化学沉积聚合改性是一种提高纤维与树脂界面粘结性能的有效方法。     

氮化硅/碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的制备研究

采用高温模压成型法制备氮化硅/碳纤维/环氧树脂导热复合材料(SiN/CF/EP)。研究了34SiN用量和表面改性对SiN/CF/EP复合材料导热性能、导电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料3434的导热性能随SiN质量分数的增加而增大,当SiN质量分数为40%时,导热率为1.02W/mK;而3434SiN/CF/EP复合材料的导电率随SiN质量分数的增加而呈线性降低;力学性能则随SiN质量分数的增加先343434增大后降低。表面改性有助于进一步提高SiN/CF/EP复合材料的导热性能和力学性能。34     

碳纤维增强环氧改性氰酸酯树脂复合材料性能研究

分别采用热重分析(TGA)法、动态力学分析(DMA)法研究了碳纤维增强环氧改性氰酸酯树脂(CE/EP/CF)复合材料的热稳定性、耐热性及动态热力学性能,研究了此种复合材料强力环(NOL环)的力学性能。结果表明,CE/EP/CF复合材料具有优良的耐热性和热稳定性,玻璃化转变温度为226.33℃,NOL环层间剪切强度为48.7MPa。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明,CF与CE/EP树脂间的界面粘接良好。     

棉纤维/氢氧化铝/环氧树脂复合材料制备及性能分析

以硅烷偶联剂氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)为改性剂,将改性处理后的棉纤维(CF)与氢氧化铝(ATH)和环氧树脂(EP)共混,制备得到棉纤维/氢氧化铝/环氧树脂(CF/ATH/EP)复合材料。通过测试复合材料的力学性能、剪切强度、极限氧指数(LOI)、热释放速率、抗紫外性能及拉伸断裂面微观形貌,分析了CF/ATH的用量比对复合材料综合性能的影响。结果表明:当CF/ATH的用量比为20/30时,复合材料具有较为优异的性能,LOI达到30.6%,垂直燃烧等级为V-0级,热释放速率为234.35 kW/m~2,剪切强度最佳为19.4 MPa,复合材料具有优良的抗紫外性能,可以制备得到综合性能较佳的高模量阻燃抗紫外纺织服装材料。     

中温固化环氧/杂环芳纶（布）预浸料及其复合材料性能研究

试验研究了044B杂环芳纶布性能、3233/044B预浸料制备及其复合材料力学性能.结果表明,044B杂环芳纶布性能较好,3233/044B复合材料的常规性能和耐热性较好,夹层结构的滚筒剥离强度高,树脂具有韧性,适用于复合材料夹层结构.该预浸料已用于航空复合材料制件.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.