我国染发剂市场现状

简要概述了染发剂的产品定义及特性.对国际染发剂的发展现状以及我国染发剂的市场情况进行了叙述.论述了我国染发剂的地域分布、市场格局以及染发剂生产的技术水平.对我国目前染发剂的执行标准及安全性进行了阐述,并对我国目前染发剂市场存在的问题进行了分析,对我国染发剂未来的发展趋势进行了讨论.     

二元复合驱大规模数值模拟研究

对ECL软件关于复合驱模拟的机理进行了分析.以孤岛东区为实例,对大规模复合驱数值模拟开展了研究,验证了ECL软件进行复合驱模拟的可行性.并利用该软件对注入参数、注入浓度、注入方式进行了优化,确定最佳方案.并对数模结果进行分析,对矿场调整有一定的指导意义.     

聚苯硫醚的合成与应用

对目前聚苯硫醚（PPS）的合成方法进行了总结,并对各个合成方法进行了对比和评价,指出各种方法的前景,其中硫化钠法、硫磺溶液法、硫化氢法为目前最主要的合成方法.对目前世界各大聚苯硫醚生产商销售的纯聚苯硫醚产品进行了概述.总结了聚苯硫醚复合材料的种类,概括各个复合材料的优劣点.最后,对PPS的前景进行了展望.     

碳纳米管/尼龙6复合材料的非等温结晶动力学研究

碳纳米管经过了酸化处理,用FTIR对处理后的碳纳米管进行了结构表征.采用哈克转矩流变仪制备了碳纳米管/尼龙6纳米复合材料.利用SEM对碳纳米管与尼龙6复合材料的结构进行了研究.通过DSC对复合材料的非等温结晶动力学进行了研究,采用Jeziorny修正的Avrami方程对非等温结晶动力学进行了处理.结果表明,Jeziorny 可以很好地描述碳纳米管/尼龙6复合材料的非等温结晶过程.随着降温速率的升高,结晶温度降低,结晶温度范围变大,结晶所需要的时间缩短.     

哈萨克斯坦原油蒸馏及裂解性能评价

对哈萨克斯坦原油进行了简单分析,并进行了实沸点蒸馏评价.对蒸馏所得的石脑油馏分和轻柴油馏分进行了裂解性能评价.结果表明哈萨克斯坦原油属含硫中间基原油,拔出率一般,石脑油与轻柴油馏分的乙烯收率也不太高,裂解性能一般.     

梭式窑内卫生瓷烧成过程热应力场的三维有限元分析

本文依据传热学和弹性力学理论,建立了梭式窑内卫生瓷烧成过程的数学模型.给出了求解理论模型的有限元法.推导了热传导有限元方程和热弹性运动有限元方程.以实例进行了模拟计算,并对输出结果进行了可视化处理.     

聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的表面改性

采用磷酸在超声下对聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)纤维进行表面改性,并根据试验条件进行了正交试验设计.对处理后的样品进行了扫描电镜、接触角、单丝断裂强度测试.结果表明该方法能够在对纤维本身力学性能无明显损伤的情况下,有效地改善其表面润湿性.另外还对试验结果进行了统计分析,对最佳试验条件的选择进行了初探,并讨论了各个因素对试验结果影响的显著性大小.     

草酸市场前景及生产应用

介绍了草酸的生产工艺,并进行了比较,认为不同地区应根据资源条件选定制草酸的工艺.同时对国内外草酸市场、我国的发展情况进行了分析,对未来进行了预测.     

基于计算机辅助技术的游戏手柄注塑模设计与制造

以游戏手柄为研究对象,运用UG软件和注塑模具技术进行产品的模具设计,并采用推管内含顶针的方式解决了孔部结构的成型.运用CAE软件进行了产品成型过程的模拟分析,获得了优化的成型方案和参数.运用Cimatron软件进行了数控编程和加工.通过实例分析表明:采用计算机辅助技术进行模具设计与制造可以有效缩短模具设计与生产周期,提高模具精度和产品质量.     

聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其性能研究

通过强碱球磨方法对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行了改性处理,并对其化学结构和微观形态进行了分析.采用溶液共混法制备了聚氨酯(PUR)/MWCNTs复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对其进行了表征.探讨了MWCNTs对PUR/MWCNTs复合材料力学性能、热稳定性以及电导率的影响.结果表明,MWCNTs...     

溶胶—凝胶法制备莫来石粉末

以硝酸和正硅酸乙酯为主要原料，采用溶胶－凝胶法制备莫来石粉末，并利用DSC技术和XRD技术研究了莫来石的形成过程、物相组成，制定出合理的煅烧温度。     

纳米莫来石粉在催化加氢上的应用研究

本文以溶胶-凝胶法自正硅酸乙酯和硝酸铝制备纳米莫来石，并将其应用于蒽醌加氢制取双氧水的反应中，考察其催化性能，得出了纳米莫来石在催化加氢上有一定的应用前景，并对反应机理作了初步探讨。     

利用XRD研究Sol-GeL法制备莫来石的形成机理

采用正硅酸（TEOS）、氯化铝等为起始原料，无水乙醇为溶剂，采用溶胶－凝胶法（Sol-Gel)制备了高纯莫来石前驱体，并通过XRD研究了莫来石的形成机理。     

Synthesis of mullite nanofibres by electrospinning of solutions containing different proportions of polyvinyl butyral

In this paper, the synthesis of continuous mullite (3Al₂O₃·2SiO₂) nanofibres by combination of the sol–gel and electrospinning technique is reported. To find out the optimum viscosity of the electrospinning solution for obtaining the high quality mullite nanofibers, solutions containing different amounts of polyvinyl butyral (PVB, 0–8 wt%) and the precursor sol were prepared for the electrospinning process. The precursor sol was made by using proper amounts of aluminium isopropoxide (AIP), hydrated aluminium nitrate (AN) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). Crystal phase, microstructure and thermal decomposition behaviour of the electrospun mullite nanofibres were investigated by conventional methods of analysis. The optimal amount of PVB in the electrospinning polymeric solutions was found to be between 4 and 6 wt% and the mullite nanofibres obtained as such were pure, smooth and uniform with diameter sizes of 85–130 nm after calcination at 1200 °C.     

Homogeneous Mullite-Forming Powders from Spray-Drying Aqueous Solutions

A mullite precursor solution was made by hydrolyzing TEOS in a diluted aqueous solution of aluminum nitrate. This solution was spray-dried at a relatively low temperature (200°C), producing a chemically homogeneous powder crystallizing completely into mullite at 975°C. By aging this solution at 100°C, a diphasic precursor sol made of colloidal silica and aluminum nitrate was made. The resulting spraydried powder was less homogeneous, crystallizing into mullite and spinel or only spinel. The aging by thermal treatment may thus be a way to control the heterogeneity of the powder.     

Effect of viscosity of polyvinyl alcohol solution on morphology of the electrospun mullite nanofibres

Mullite nanofibres with diameters of 85–110 nm were obtained by electrospinning of solutions containing different amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, as the template) ranging from 0 wt% to 10 wt%, which were added to the sol, and sintered at different temperatures. The sol was prepared by the sol–gel method, using aluminium isopropoxide (AIP), hydrated aluminium nitrate (AN) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as the precursors. The details of crystal development, microstructure and thermal decomposition behaviour of the electrospun nanofibres were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and simultaneous thermal analysis (STA). The optimal content of 6 wt% of PVA in the electrospinning polymeric solutions was found to be the suitable viscosity for the electrospinning and ultimately resulted in the formation of the most pure and uniform mullite nanofibres.     

莫来石纤维前驱体溶胶-凝胶化转变的研究

以水为分散介质,硝酸铝、异丙醇铝、正硅酸乙酯为原料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为纺丝助剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了莫来石纤维前驱溶胶,通过对流变、粘度以及折光指数的测试,研究了不同条件下莫来石纤维溶胶的凝胶化过程。根据Chambon-Winter(CW)法则确定了不同体系的凝胶化时间,探讨了溶胶-凝胶化转变过程中体系粘度的变化以及温度、添加剂对体系凝胶化时间的影响,为连续莫来石纤维干法纺丝工艺提供了一定的理论依据。     

莫来石/铝复合摩擦材料

本文研究了莫来石陶瓷细粉与金属铝复合的摩擦材料,实验证明,莫来石粉对金属铝有明显的增强、增加硬度、提高耐磨性等作用,同时添加石墨、磷酸铝等材料,可进一步改善这种复合材料的其它性能.     

Thermal evolution and structural study of 2:1 mullite from monophasic gels

Single phase mullite gels with composition 2Al₂O₃·SiO₂ (2:1) were prepared by the slow hydrolysis method using aluminium nitrate nonahydrate and tetraethylorthosilicate as reagents. The evolution to mullite from gels was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Gels thermally treated under fast schedules showed mullite formation below 900 °C. Compositional and microstructural changes in 2:1 mullites through the range of temperature from 900 to 1600 °C were determined by the measurement of lattice parameters and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The alumina-rich mullites formed at low temperatures become almost the nominal 2:1 at 1600 °C. This result is consistent with available thermodynamic data for mullite formation from alumina and silica. Microstructural examination indicated an almost constant grain size for mullite from 900 to 1600 °C.     

铝、铝硅溶胶及其粉末的合成

以硝酸铝为铝源、硅溶胶为硅源、柠檬酸为稳定剂,采用溶胶凝胶法制备出了稳定的铝溶胶及铝硅溶胶,分析了硝酸铝与柠檬酸的摩尔比(N/C比)、反应温度、保温时间对铝溶胶形成的影响,确定N/C比3:1、100℃及保温1h是铝溶胶较优的工艺参数。XRD分析表明,经1200℃煅烧2h后,铝凝胶粉转变成了α-Al2O3晶相,铝硅凝胶粉末经1200℃煅烧2h后,样品主要为正交莫来石结构,SEM显示所得粉末为无规则形态。