泡沫分离设备的研究进展

作为一种新型分离技术,泡沫分离技术具有设备简单、能耗低、易于操作、低浓度条件下效率高和无污染等优点,该技术在降低表面活性物质分离成本方面具有极大的潜力,在工业上得到了广泛的应用。本工作分析了近年来文献报道中应用于分离回收蛋白质、有机污染物、天然产物、金属离子、微藻等的各种泡沫分离设备,并结合泡沫分离技术的发展历程将其分为传统泡沫分离设备和改进泡沫分离设备。重点阐述了改进泡沫分离设备的作用机理和分离效果,突显泡沫分离技术的重要性。改进型泡沫分离设备在一定程度上提高了分离效果,但依然存在一些问题,如很多设备在提高富集比的同时也降低了回收率。     

泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔强化分离牛血清蛋白的工艺研究

为了加强泡沫相排液,提高目的产物的富集比,设计了一种新型泡沫分离塔即泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔.以传统泡沫相垂直泡沫分离塔为对照塔,以牛血清蛋白(BSA)为体系,考察了表观气速、装液量、物料初始浓度和初始pH对牛血清蛋白(BSA)富集比和回收率的影响.结果表明泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔有效减小了泡沫相排液的阻力,提高了BS...     

泡沫分离技术及其发展现状

探讨了泡沫分离技术的原理、泡沫分离设备及泡沫分离技术的研究进展。泡沫分离过程的性能受很多因素的影响 ,例如 ,进料液浓度、气泡尺寸、气体流量、泡沫的排液、进料位置、聚并、温度等。阐述了现有的几种新技术 ,如低重力条件操作、通过压力梯度而提高分离效率。此外 ,还简要介绍了泡沫分离塔中传质单元数和传质单元高度的概念。     

糖-蛋白质混合体系泡沫分离过程研究

利用环流泡沫分离技术对若干糖 -蛋白质 (牛血清白蛋白 )混合模拟体系进行了分离实验 ,研究了 p H值对溶液表面张力和分离效果的影响 ,在综合考虑蛋白质泡沫夹带量、去除率、糖的损失率及分离因子的基础上 ,得到了泡沫分离的最优 p H值。研究结果表明 ,采用环流泡沫分离技术可以实现糖与蛋白质的分离 ,是生物多糖与蛋白质初级分离的一种有效方法     

泡沫相分离塔分离蛋白质的工艺标准研究

为了加强泡沫相排液,提高目的产物的富集比,设计了一种新型泡沫分离塔即泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔。以传统泡沫相垂直泡沫分离塔为对照塔,以牛血清蛋白(BSA)为体系,考察了表观气速、装液量、物料初始浓度和初始p H对牛血清蛋白(BSA)富集比和回收率的影响。结果表明,泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔有效减小了泡沫相排液的阻力,提高了BSA的富集。在装液量为400 m L、初始浓度为0.2 g/L、p H为6.2和表观气速为19.1 m/h的条件下,泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔的富集比7.9是对照直塔的1.8倍。     

十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱协助泡沫分离虎杖中白藜芦醇

为了开发简单高效的从虎杖中提取白藜芦醇的方法,促进白藜芦醇的产业化应用,本文采用水提和泡沫分离相结合的方法,在泡沫分离过程中选用十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱作为捕获剂,泡沫分离虎杖浸提液中白藜芦醇。研究了椭球型泡沫分离塔、pH、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱浓度、气体体积流量对泡沫分离白藜芦醇分离效率的影响,并对分离前后白藜芦醇的抗氧化性进行了研究。结果表明,采用椭球型泡沫分离塔,在p H为3、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱浓度1.50g/L以及气体体积流量20m L/min的条件下,白藜芦醇富集比和回收率分别为8.43和81.73%,消泡液中白藜芦醇浓度为0.085g/L,而且泡沫分离过程中能有效保持白藜芦醇的生物活性。     

泡沫分离技术及其发展现状

泡沫分离技术是一项利用物质在气泡表面吸附性质的差异进行分离的技术。本文探讨了泡沫分离技术的原理、设备及其影响因素，并展望了泡沫分离技术的研究方向。     

麻黄强化泡沫分离甘草酸的工艺研究

为了提高泡沫分离甘草中甘草酸的分离效果,开发了甘草麻黄配伍泡沫分离工艺,并就麻黄对浸提液泡沫性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明,麻黄强化了甘草酸的提取,但降低了浸提液中甘草苷的浓度,使得浸提液的泡沫性能发生变化而影响泡沫分离甘草酸的分离效果。以甘草酸的富集比和回收率为评价指标,研究了温度、气体体积流量、甘草酸初始浓度和甘草麻黄质量配比对分离效果的影响。结果表明当温度为40℃、气体体积流量为100 m L×min~(-1)、甘草酸初始浓度为0.2 g×L~(-1)和甘草麻黄质量配比为5:3时,获得甘草酸的富集比和回收率分别为8.34和62.5%。与单独泡沫分离甘草中甘草酸相比,甘草酸的富集比提高了121.7%,而回收率并未明显降低。因此,麻黄的引入有效地提高了泡沫分离甘草酸的分离效果。     

泡沫分离技术的实验研究——回收废液中的金

<正>泡沫分离是一种新的分离技术,在国外研究工作已取得了不少成果.Jorne和Rubin在研究金属离子泡沫分离的基础上,提出的Goug chapman扩散双电层理论,阐述了利用相反电荷的金属离子与表面活性剂离子之间的静电吸引作用,达到金属离子的泡沫分离.Rubin和Lapp、Charewicz和Grives等人通过对泡沫分离金属离子的研究表明:pH值是一个重要的影响因素.同时,离子强度可以改变表面活性剂的选择性.Bruner和Stephan采用泡沫分离方法脱除洗涤剂厂排放的一级及二级污水中的表面活性剂,试验结果表明:塔式泡沫分离装置比槽式装置有更高的脱除率.     

泡沫分离技术在蛋白质多元体系分离中的应用

综述了泡沫分离蛋白质与糖,蛋白质与表面活性剂以及不同蛋白质的混合体系的研究进展,分析了泡沫分离技术在蛋白质分离中应用的前景并提出了需要解决的问题。     

Separation of Iron,Cobalt, Nickel,and Cadmium in Aqueous Acid Halide Solution Using Aliquat-Foam Columns

Abstract

Polyurethane foam loaded with Aliquat 336 was prepared. The suitability of the prepared reagent foam for the separation of various relative concentrations of iron and cobalt in acidic aqueous solutions was confirmed using the static technique. The separation of other metal couples was achieved on the basis of similar ideas. Columns packed with the Aliquat foam were successfully used in the separation of iron or cadmium from cobalt and nickel. The foam column performance proved quite reasonable, and the application of relatively high flow rates (10 mL/min) was found to be possible.     

连续泡沫分离蛋白质

本文以空气-明胶水溶液体系为研究对象，较为详细地考察了通气量、进料流量、进料浓度、进料位置、泡沫高度、溶液pH值等因素对连续泡沫分离明胶过程中明胶富集度变化的影响．     

铁盐共沉淀泡沫分离法去除水中铬离子

采用铁盐共沉淀泡沫分离法对水中的铬离子去除进行了研究,考察了pH值、Fe^2＋/Cr（Ⅵ）摩尔比、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS）浓度、气液比等因素的影响.实验结果表明：当水中的铬离子含量为8 mg·L^-1时,去除率可达97.1%.根据泡沫分离过程与化学反应过程在物理行为上的类似性,引入等效的化学反应常数,对采用共沉淀泡沫分离法去除水中的铬离子进行宏观动力学研究.结果表明该泡沫分离过程可等效为一级反应,结合停留时间分布测定对该过程的数学模型进行了分析讨论.     

超滤与泡沫分离内耦合应用于表面活性物质浓缩分离的实验研究

Membrane separation and foam separation are widely used separation techniques.To make use of their advantages,membrane separation and foam separation were integrated to dispose waste water with low concentration of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate（LAS）.A method of forcing bubbles through a single hollow fiber ultrafiltration tube was put forward to study the separation efficiency of the integrated process.The effects of pressure,gas-liquid ratio and LAS concentration on the separation efficiency were investigated.Under the conditions of pressure 0.03—0.1 MPa,gas-liquid ratio 0—0.9,and LAS concentration 0—70 mg·L^-1,the membrane permeate flux was raised from 26.5 to 38.6 L·m^-2·h^-1,increased by 48.6%,and the retention rate was raised from 37.0% to 64.9%,increased by 75.5%.The results show that the integrated process can reduce the concentration polarization and membrane fouling.Moreover,this method reduces the back-mixing of foam separation and increases the concentration of bulk liquid phase for foam separation.Therefore,the integrated separation promotes mass transfer and improves separation efficiency.     

Surface adsorption and the effect of column diameter in the continuous foam separation process

Foam separation has been investigated as a technique for removing ethylhexadecyldimethylammonium bromide, a cationic surfactant, from dilute solutions. An ideal foam model has been used to determine the surface excess accumulated at the solution-air interface and to predict the foam and drain concentration in a continuous foam separation process. It was found that the model was valid only under conditions of good drainage and perfect foam stability. An increase in column diameter for a feed of constant composition and supplied at a constant rate increased the concentration of the surfactant in the overhead stream. This highly desirable effect was accompanied by an increase in the drain rate. The results indicate that an increase in column diameter had an entirely beneficial effect on the efficiency of the separation.     

Process optimization for foam separation of yak whey protein by response surface methodology

In order to recovery whey protein from yak whey wastewater effectively, a facile method of foam separation to be suitable for the local nomadic herdsmen in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been established in this research. The effects of the four factors, protein concentration, gas velocity, temperature and pH, on the performance of foam separation were investigated. Based on the single factor experiments, the response surface software was adopted to optimize and to investigate conditions of foam separation for whey protein, and the optimal conditions were found to be protein concentration of 120 μg/mL, gas velocity of 310 mL/min, temperature of 41°C and pH of 3.8, respectively. The as-obtained results of verification experiments, recovery percentage 88.3% and enrichment ratio 9.25 showed that foam separation technique was a simple equipment and environmental compatibility method to separate whey protein from yak whey wastewater.     

含十二烷基苯磺酸钠废水的多级泡沫分离研究

采用多级泡沫分离装置对水中十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)进行分离富集,考察了表面活性剂溶液的浓度、离子强度、pH值、分离时间、气体流速等因素对水中十二烷基苯磺酸钠脱除率的影响。进一步采用四因素三水平正交实验进行分离条件的优化,结果表明溶液浓度为20 mg/mL,气体流速为20L/min,pH=10,离子强度为2×10-5mol/L时,分离5 min,可使SDBS的脱除率最高达到97%,三次平行试验SDBS的脱除率分别为96.61%、97.04%和93.93%。与单级环流泡沫分离塔(其脱除率为82%)相比,多级泡沫分离装置具有能耗比低、分离效率高的优点,具有更好的推广应用价值。     

泡沫分离法的现状与研究进展

本文依据近年来有关泡沫分离的报道,介绍了泡沫分离的模型以及近年来的应用进展,并提出了若干需要深入研究的问题。