铁－钴氨合成催化剂活性和控制铁比的研究

通过对铁－钴催化剂结构的研究，论证了控制适当铁比对提高催化活性的重要性，并探讨了钴含量与活性的关系。     

铁—钴氨合成催化剂活性和控制铁比的研究

通过对铁－钴催化剂结构的研究，论证了控制适当铁比对提高催化活性的重要性，并探讨了钴含量与活性的关系。     

熔铁触媒催化一氧化碳加氢合成烃

<正> 三、熔铁催化剂~Δ本文着重工程方面的探讨,也着重于当前局部地区的现实性。合成催化剂体系虽有新的发展,本部分只报导熔铁催化剂的使用。一氧化碳加氢合成烃,主要在含镍、钴、铁、钌组分的催化剂上进行,镍、钴催化剂合成的温度约在170—205℃,铁催化剂约在200—325℃,钉催化剂约在160—225℃。镍催化剂适宜在常压下合成,钴和铁催化剂约在常压至20at、范围内合成,钉催化剂则在100at 左右。三十年代,以硅藻土为载体的钴催化剂开发成功后,在德国,随着战时的需要,合成油     

氨合成催化剂的发展动向和我们应采取的对策

本文以含钴熔铁催化剂，新型熔融催化剂，负载钌催化剂为重点论述了国内外氨合成催化剂的发展概况，提出我们应采取的对策和努力方向。     

铁掺杂TS-1分子筛催化剂催化苯羟基化制备苯酚反应

本研究通过浸渍法制备了铁/TS-1系列催化剂,将制备的新型催化剂应用于苯直接羟基化制备苯酚的反应。研究了铁/TS-1催化剂的制备条件(煅烧温度,煅烧时间和铁的负载量)对催化活性的影响。考察了在不同的反应条件(反应时间,催化剂的量,H2O2的量)下铁/TS-1催化剂对苯羟基化制备苯酚的催化活性。在优化反应条件下得到苯的转化率为11.2%和苯酚的选择性为100%。     

铁、钴系烯烃聚合催化剂的研究进展

铁、钴系烯烃聚合催化剂具有易合成、低成本、少污染、高活性以及所制备的聚烯烃（聚乙烯）的相对分子质量分布宽等优点,显示出良好的工业应用前景。综述了铁、钴系单活性中心催化剂的结构特征和铁、钴系催化剂用于不同单体聚合的研究进展,包括铁、钴系催化剂催化乙烯、丙烯、苯乙烯及极性单体的聚合等。     

铜含量对Cu/CeO2水煤气变换催化剂性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备了不同铜含量的Cu/CeO₂水煤气变换催化剂，考察了铜含量对催化活性的影响。结果表明，Cu/CeO₂催化剂呈现出良好的水煤气变换活性。铜含量对催化活性有显著影响，铜摩尔分数为50%时，催化剂的低温活性最高，在200 ℃时CO转化率达到66.1%。Cu/CeO₂与FBD型铁基高温变换催化剂相比，具有低温活性好、活性温区宽的特点。用XRD、N2吸附法、H₂-TPR和CO-TPD对催化剂进行了表征，结果表明,无定形CuO、纳米颗粒CuO等可能是催化反应的活性物种，晶粒CuO对催化活性影响不大。铜含量的催化剂在不同温度下呈现出不同的活性。     

铁钴镍双组分氮化钼催化剂的制备和丙烷氨氧化性能的研究

以氢气和氮气的混合气体为氮化气体与铁钼、钴钼及镍钼双金属氧化物进行程序升温氮化反应合成了铁钼、钴钼及镍钼双金属氮化物催化剂。将铁钼、钴钼和镍钼氮化物分别用于催化丙烷氨氧化反应，研究结果表明，钴钼和镍钼双金属氮化物催化剂具有更高的催化活性和更高的丙烯腈选择性。     

新型线性低密度聚乙烯催化剂的研制

制备出新型线性低密度聚乙烯催化剂,考察了催化剂及其聚合物的性能,包括催化活性,聚合反应动力学,聚乙烯堆密度,聚合物粒度分布,加氢聚合物融熔指数及与己烯共聚物的性能等。     

石墨烯基酞菁催化剂的制备及脱硫催化活性研究

为了降低噻吩的含量,本文合成了四(4-二甲氨基)苯基酞菁钴,然后将其与石墨烯复合制备成脱硫催化剂,并进行了表征,最后研究了此催化剂对去除噻吩的催化活性,结果表明,在石墨烯和四(4-二甲氨基)苯基酞菁钴的共同作用下,噻吩的去除率可以达到82％,具有良好的催化活性.     

铜基甲醇合成催化剂的TPR研究

采用并流共沉淀法制备了一系列具有不同Cu/Zn的甲醇合成催化剂。通过活性测试可知,并流法所制备的催化剂最佳Cu/Zn大约为5/4。催化剂TPR研究表明 , 当铝含量固定时，具有最佳Cu/Zn（即5/4）的铜基催化剂，其主还原温度最低。考察了在不同pH值时进行并流共沉淀所制备的催化剂的TPR，表明沉淀时的pH值对催化剂的结构有很大影响，并对其本质原因进行了深入探讨。另外，考察了铝含量对催化剂还原行为的影响以及在不同升温速率下催化剂TPR的差异。     

用分形方法研究负载型聚烯烃催化剂的表面形貌及其对聚合活性的影响

以Ｍｇ（ＯＥｔ）２和ＴｉＣｌ４作为钛镁体系聚乙烯催化剂的代表,在不同反应上制备了Ｔｉ－Ｍｇ体系负载型聚乙烯催化剂,并用扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）技术对其亚微观结构进行研究,证实其具有分形特征。应用分形理论及其改进的盒子维法对催化剂的亚微观结构进行了详细的分析计算,给出了催化剂表面结构的分维数,结果发现,催化剂分维值Ｄｔ随着催化剂表面的不规则度及催化剂内部孔隙的增多而增大,而其聚合活性与催化剂表面分维值的关系较为复杂,只在适宜的催化剂分维值范围内,才可获得较高的聚合活性,研究证明了分维值可作为比较两个分形无规则度对象的表征参量。     

Petrochemicals from ethanol over a W-Si-based nanocomposite bidisperse solid acid catalyst

Very high ethylene selectivity values approaching 100% and very high ethanol conversion values approaching 85% were obtained in dehydration of ethanol over a new W-silicate-based nanocomposite catalyst having both meso and macropores and containing a W/Si atomic ratio of 0.85. Silicotungsticacid was successfully incorporated into the catalyst structure following a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis procedure. This catalyst is highly stable and does not loose activity in polar solvents and it has a sufficiently high surface area for catalytic applications. Calcination temperature of the catalyst was found to have a very significant effect on the catalyst structure and also on its catalytic performance in ethanol dehydration. Maximum selectivity of the second major reaction product diethylether was obtained as 0.7 at 200 °C, with the catalyst which was calcined at 400 °C. Very high ethylene and diethylether yield values obtained in this study at different reaction conditions are highly promising for the production of petrochemicals from ethanol.     

Ethylene and 1-butene copolymerization catalyzed by a Ziegler-Natta/Metallocene hybrid catalyst through a 2 factorial experimental design

In this work, a 2³ factorial experimental design for the evaluation of ethylene-1-butene copolymerization was employed. The following reaction parameters were used as independent variables: catalyst type, Al/Ti molar ratio and 1-butene concentration. The copolymerization was carried out using hybrid Ziegler-Natta/Metallocene catalysts with different titanium molar ratios. The catalyst activity and polymer characteristics were statistically analyzed through response surface methods. It was found that the catalyst type has a significant effect on activity, melt flow index and 1-butene content. Copolymers presented crystallinity values ranging from 46 to 58% and melt temperature in the 128-131 °C range. Copolymer comonomer content varied from 2 to 6% in weight.     

柴油加氢脱硫催化剂的选择

在连续流动固定床加氢装置上,考察Co-Mo型催化剂和Ni-W型催化剂在不同操作条件以及不同脱硫深度下的加氢脱硫反应性能。结果表明,两种催化剂对操作压力改变的敏感度不同;在不同的脱硫深度下,对不同的原料油也表现出不同的脱硫活性。     

FI Zr-type catalysts for ethylene polymerization

Two FI-type catalysts of Bis[N-(3,5-dicumylsalicylidene)-naphthylaminato]zirconium(IV) dichloride (catalyst (a)) and Bis[N-(3,5-dicumylsalicylidene)-anthracylaminato]zirconium(IV) dichloride (catalyst (b)) were prepared and used for ethylene polymerization comparatively. Methylaluminoxane (MAO) was used as cocatalyst. Polymerization reactions of ethylene using the prepared catalysts at the different conditions of polymerization were carried out. Plurality of the fused aromatic rings on the N atom of the imine in the catalyst structure affected the polymerization activity and molecular weight of the resulting polymer as well. Productivity of the prepared catalysts increased with the addition of [Al]/[Zr] molar ratio. The highest activity was observed at about 35–40 °C for the catalysts. The catalyst (b) produced higher viscosity average molecular weight (M_v) of the obtained polyethylene, while generally the activity of the catalyst (a) was higher than the catalyst (b). Similar behavior was observed for the polymerization carried out at the monomer pressure of 2 to 6 bars using the catalysts. The higher the pressure the more activity of the catalysts obtained, in the range studied. Crystallinity and melting point of the obtained polymer were between 55–65% and 120–135 °C respectively. Higher pressure increased both the crystallinity and the M_v values of the resulting polymer. The polymerization was carried out using different amounts of hydrogen. Higher amount of hydrogen could increase the activity of the catalysts. A linear dependence between the polymerization time and the molar weight was observed, however the polydispersity was broadened with the time.     

Catalytic behavior of ruthenium in soybean oil hydrogenation

Soybean oil was hydrogenated with a carbon‐supported ruthenium catalyst (Ru/C) at 165 °C, 2 bar H₂ and 500 rpm stirring speed. Reaction rates, trans isomer formation, selectivity ratios and melting behaviors of the samples were monitored. No catalytic activity was found for the application of 10 ppm of the catalyst, and significant catalytic activity appeared at >50 ppm of active catalyst. The catalyst concentration had an effect on the reaction rate of hydrogenation, but the weight‐normalized reaction rate constant (k_c) was almost independent of the catalyst concentration at lower iodine values. Ru/C generated considerable amounts of trans fatty acids (TFA), including high amounts of trans 18:2, and also stearic acid, due to its very non‐selective nature. The selectivity ratios were found to be low and varied between 1.12 and 4.32 during the reactions. On the other hand, because of the low selectivity, higher slip melting points and solid fat contents at high temperatures were obtained than those for nickel and palladium catalysts. Another different characteristic of this catalyst was the formation (max 1.67%) of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during hydrogenation. Besides, CLA formation in the early stages of the reactions did not change very much with the lower iodine values.     

火电厂SCR脱硝催化剂中毒原因分析

SCR脱硝催化剂在某火电厂SCR脱硝装置运行30 660 h后，将新鲜催化剂活性与使用后催化剂活性进行比较，得出催化剂的活性损失值。采用SEM、BET、TG和XRF对催化剂结构特性进行表征，研究催化剂中毒原因，提出燃煤电厂催化剂运行及管理建议。     

Influence of preoxidizing treatments on the preparation of iron‐containing activated carbons for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenol

BACKGROUND: Iron species were heterogeneously supported over activated carbons (AC) after different oxidizing pre‐treatments. The influence of the oxidizing method on the iron yield and the physicochemical properties of the iron‐containing activated carbons (Fe/AC) were studied. Thereafter, the activity and stability of Fe/AC catalysts for the wet peroxide oxidation of phenol as model pollutant was evaluated. RESULTS: The pre‐oxidizing treatment with HNO₃ was the most appropriate for iron incorporation, providing a Fe/AC catalyst with the highest TOC removal and oxidant efficiency. A high stability of the catalysts was observed with low values of iron leaching (below 1.5% of their initial iron contents). The best Fe/AC catalyst was studied at different reaction temperatures and initial phenol concentrations. CONCLUSION: The promising results for the Fe/AC catalyst using HNO₃ pre‐oxidizing treatment lay in the remarkable adsorption capacity of the carbon matrix and the potential activity of the iron species as Fenton‐like catalyst for the generation of oxidizing hydroxyl radicals. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Computation of nickel catalyst activity in the hydrogenation of triacylglycerol oils

The development of a new method for a faster and more accurate computation of the nickel catalyst activity was studied. This catalyst is used in partial catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oils for production of edible fats. In order to index the activity, a computer program, CATACT, was developed using FORTRAN language. This program uses 3 easily determined experimental values as input data (refractive index at 60 C, catalyst concentration and hydrogenation time). Output data are catalyst activity indexes either in word or numerical form. The hydrogenation data were gathered from a laboratory reactor under laboratory conditions. Using these data, we computed the activity of Ni catalysts which have been reused in oil hydrogenation under industrial conditions. The classical method of determining such activity by evaluating the melting point is, in view of the very low activity of such catalysts, inadequate to provide sufficient information for easy interpretation.