磷酸铵类肥料技术讲座第五讲喷浆造粒转筒干燥制粒状磷铵

这一讲主要介绍喷浆造粒转筒干燥制磷铵过程的成粒机理、分析造粒干燥过程的操作条件,以及揭示内返料和无外返料喷浆造粒干燥机的特点。此外还介绍了喷浆流化造粒干燥及喷霉干燥制粉状磷铵流程。     

磷复肥喷浆造粒粉料封闭循环的研究

介绍喷浆造粒“三内”技术在造粒机内实现粉料的封闭循环技术，探讨了磷复肥喷浆造粒干燥机内返料、内筛分、内破碎对造粒的影响。表明该技术根除了传统喷浆造粒过程中因破碎、筛分引起的粉尘污染，减少了物料损失，提高了热量利用率，同时彻底改善了操作环境。     

内返料喷浆造粒干燥技术概述

内返料喷浆造粒干燥机集造粒、干燥、分级与破碎为一体 ,并广泛应用于化肥生产中。主要介绍了内返料喷浆造粒技术及其在国内外的发展过程     

硝酸磷酸法生产硝基复合肥

为适应我国硝基复合肥发展的需要,介绍硝酸磷酸法生产硝基复合肥的氨化-粒化法流程、喷浆造粒流程和熔体塔式造粒流程,以及产品方案和消耗定额,并提供可选择的喷淋塔式造粒、转筒造粒及喷浆造粒干燥3种造粒方式。根据我国磷矿现状建议硝基复合肥生产首选喷浆造粒流程。     

磷酸铵类肥料技术讲座 第五讲 喷浆造粒转筒干燥制粒状磷铵（续）

第五讲喷浆造粒转筒干燥制粒状磷铵(续) 1.4 喷浆造粒干燥工艺的操作条件 喷浆造粒干燥机在化肥生产中应用广泛.在我国3万吨/年磷铵的通用设计中即选用这种设备. (1) 料浆喷枪的工作状况     

喷浆造粒成粒率的影响因素及作用机制

AZF工艺以管式反应器(GPR)为核心进行喷浆造粒,是目前较为先进的复合肥生产工艺。辊筒内的成粒率直接影响产品的质量和产量。讨论液固质量比、温度、n(N)/n(P)等对成粒率的影响以及这些因素对于造粒的作用机制,以便选择合适的调节手段提高喷浆造粒的成粒率。     

喷浆造粒干燥机在磷复肥生产装置上的发展应用及其工艺设计要素

喷浆造粒干燥机的设计是一个系统工程,不仅与系统内部有关,而且还与供热系统和尾气处理系统有关。分析了喷浆造粒干燥机内的热交换情况,总结了其应用于磷复肥生产装置上的工艺设计要素,包括料幕密度与筒体最佳旋转速度、填充系数和抄板以及热风的引入及分布等。     

磷复肥喷浆造粒“三内”技术研究与开发(三)

介绍磷复肥喷浆造粒“三内技术”中的内返料技术、建立内返料计算式 ,探讨了返料数量对造粒的影响 ,为内返料装置的设计提供了理论依据     

内返料内分级喷浆造粒干燥机的返料分级机理研究Ⅶ．悬浮式螺旋进料口的内分级效率分析

本文建立了内返料内分级喷浆造粒干燥机悬浮式螺旋进料口的内分级效率的计算模型，认为转筒半径、粉料容积分布函数对内分级效率没有影响，推荐返料螺旋进料口相似放大宜采用的４个参量。     

磷酸铵生产的物理化学原理和工艺(下)

安福粉的生产 可用不同方法制造安福粉,这些方法主要区别在于与萃取磷酸一起送入的水的析出方法和造粒方法: Ⅰ、稀磷酸(23～28％P_2O_5)的再加工并从安福粉料浆中除去水:1)连续在喷雾和转筒干燥器内;2)在喷雾沸腾造粒器内干燥;3)连续在真空蒸发器和喷浆造粒干燥器内; Ⅱ、浓磷酸(40～54％P_2O_5)的再加工并析出水:1)连续在氨化粒化器和转筒干燥器     

A novel agglomeration granulating system utilizing a centrifugal-fluidizing drive

Necessary conditions were studied for the optimum operation of agglomeration granulation. The mechanisms that would realize these conditions were investigated by several experiments.On the basis of the results obtained, a novel granulating system involving a surface wetness control mechanism has been developed.The present paper describes the mixing and dispersing characteristics of the coating vessel, the detection method for wetness control, the particular spraying units, and the operating conditions thereof, together with the characteristics of this newly developed powder coating granulation system.This system has been shown to provide an easy and reproducible granulating technique even when products below 1 mm in size are required.     

尿素熔融转鼓造粒技术生产有机—无机复混肥

介绍尿素熔融转鼓造粒技术和目前普遍采用的挤压造粒技术生产有机无机复混肥的工艺流程及其技术特点;对目前国内已采用的几种有机无机复混肥造粒技术的优缺点进行了分析比较;介绍了湖北中化东方肥料有限公司采用尿素熔融转鼓造粒技术生产有机无机复混肥技术方案的比较选择情况,以及装置的试生产情况。     

100kt／a尿素熔融喷浆造粒复合肥装置运行中的问题和处理

介绍盘锦中润化工有限责任公司100kt/a尿基复合肥喷浆造粒装置工艺设计的基本情况(流程及主要设备规格),工艺特点;开车运行中出现的筛分、成球率低、冬季操作难度大等问题及解决措施.     

辽化二期聚酯装置的增容改造

探讨利用原有装置和公用工程的有利条件进行增容改造。更新第一酯化反应器的搅拌器 ,提高其转数及功率 ;工艺塔更换塔顶冷凝器 ,新增 1台 110t d圆盘反应器及刮板冷凝器 ;增加 1套EG喷淋的系统 ,1台切粒机 ( 4 .2t h)和 1台热媒炉等。改造后塔顶冷凝器运行平稳 ,产量达 34.2万t,质量为国内先进水平     

Auslegung von Granulierteller und Granuliertrommel

Disign of granulating plates and granulating drums. Equations relating mechanical and geometrical parameters have been derived for use in calculating the power requirements of granulating plates and granulating drums. An attempt is made to maintain the same product properties, especially the porosity and size of the agglomerates, on scale-up of the granulating equipment. This condition considerably limits the possible operational parameters. In order to define the operating conditions on scaling-up from model experiments, their influences are described in terms of theoretical models and empirical results. The utility of the expressions derived is illustrated using the design of a granulation plate as example.     

Strength and morphology of solid bridges in dry granules of pharmaceutical powders

This is an experimental study of the tensile strength of solid bridges between primary particles comprising granules of lactose or mannitol. We report on two systems: granules prepared with ethanol granulating solutions, in which the base powders were at most sparingly soluble, and aqueous granulating solutions, in which the base powder solubility was large. Both systems were studied with and without hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or surfactants (Triton-X100, sodium lauryl sulfate or polysorbate 80) added to the granulating solution. The interparticle bridge strength was determined from the granule crush strength with a simple model that assumes that solid bridges form by evaporation of solvent from liquid bridges that maintain their shape during drying.Lactose granules prepared with pure ethanol are very weak, with crush strength comparable to that predicted by JKR theory, consistent with its negligible solubility. Mannitol, which is sparingly soluble, forms granules with bridge strength similar to the theoretical (Griffith) strength of a pure mannitol. Addition of HPC or PVP to the granulating solution produces bridges with strength comparable to that of pure polymer films. In comparison, the behavior of granules prepared with aqueous granulating solutions was much more complex due to the high saturation concentration of base powder. Granules produced with pure water had bridge strength approximately 20% of the theoretical strength. Addition of HPC or PVP to lactose granules increased the bridge strength modestly, but the strength was much smaller than that of the corresponding pure polymer films. Addition of HPC to mannitol granules had little effect on bridge strength, while PVP reduced bridge strength by approximately 30%. Addition of surfactants to the granulating solution also reduced dry bridge strength. These results reflect the complex microstructure and resulting mechanical properties of dry bridges produced by coprecipitation of the sugars and polymers (or surfactants).     

大颗粒瓷质砖新型湿法造粒工艺设备的研究

为增强抛光砖表面大颗粒的仿石效果和建筑装饰效果,采取在同一颗粒中产生径向多色层和具有多种色泽的复合造粒工艺,颗粒形状除片状、角状外,还有不规则的球状,使颗粒形态各异、色彩斑斓;通过该工艺还能提高颗粒的边缘结合能力,改善压制成形性能,提高抛光加工合格率。为此我们设计了一种新型的瓷质砖大颗粒成套湿法造粒设备,它包括配料、加水自动控制系统、预混合系统、初级造粒、造粒系统。     

Fluidized bed granulation of a microdose pharmaceutical powder

The influence of some process variables on the size distribution and drug content of granules prepared in a fluidized bed has been investigated using a powder mix of 5% phenylbutazone in lactose. Using a 10% aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) as the granulating agent, granule size increased with volume of solution and rate of spraying and decreased with increasing temperature. In addition, as granule size increased, so did the homogeneity of phenylbutazone distribution in the granules. This was explained on the basis of increased wetting of the large granules which then pick up fine drug particles. Also, large granules are able to break up phenylbutazone agglomerates by a “ball milling” action. When two successful batches were compressed, the tablets produced complied with official and non-official standards. Under the conditions exmployed, granulation using a 10% alcoholic PVP solution was unsuccessful.     

陶瓷墙地砖干法造粒过程坯料粉体成形与造粒室转速的影响

为分析陶瓷墙地砖干法造粒过程坯料粉体成形与造粒室转速的关系.基于欧拉-欧拉双流体模型模拟陶瓷干法造粒混料过程数理模型,同时对坯料粉体粗糙度、粉体级配及粉体流动性指数进行实验分析,验证数值模拟的正确性.当造粒室转速分别为120 RPM、140 RPM、160 RPM时,坯料粉体体积分布大小基本保持不变,坯料粉体均匀性和分散性逐渐变好,团聚现象逐渐消失;当造粒室转速分别为180 RPM、200 RPM时,坯料粉体体积分布大小仍基本保持不变,坯料粉体均匀性和分散性逐渐变差,团聚现象逐渐明显.实验结果表明:当造粒室转速分别为120 RPM、140 RPM、160 RPM、180 RPM、200 RPM时,坯料粉体粗糙度系数平均值依次为1.79、1.77、1.68、1.74、1.78;粉体级配百分比依次为73％、77％、89％、80％、72％;流动性指数依次为63.54、66.95、69.75、68.32、67.21.综合分析说明:造粒室转速为160 RPM时,坯料粉体均匀性和分散性良好,且无明显团聚现象,此时坯料粉体粗糙度系数平均值最小、粉体级配百分比最高、流动性指数最大,即造粒效果最好.     

K-T流化床转鼓造粒工艺及其应用

简述K—T流化床转鼓造粒技术的设计原理及工艺特点，详细介绍此造粒技术在化肥和化工领域中的广泛应用及其使用效果。