Si3N4/Al反应烧结制备AlN/Al复合材料

研究了采用Si3N4与Al的混合粉,经压制、烧结制备AlN/Al-Si复合材料的技术方法.试验结果表明:AlN的反应生成机制属于一种连续渐进式反应形成过程,即于高温下液相Al中的Al原子渗入Si3N4的晶体点阵取代Si原子而逐渐使之向AlN晶体点阵转化的过程.被取代的Si原子从固相Si3N4中析出,扩散溶入液相Al中,冷却后形成Al-Si合金固溶体,一般呈网状分布于AlN晶体相的周围.新生成的AlN与Al-Si合金相之间表现出很好的界面亲和性.     

无压烧结Al2O3/Si3N4纳米复合陶瓷的力学性能

本文对Al2O3／Si3N4体系进行无压烧结。获得试样相对密度大于98％，采用物相分析，烧结体中并没有Si3N4颗粒存在而是形成SIALON相。Si3N4和Al2O3反应生成的β-SIALON相颗粒不仅分布在Al2O3晶粒晶界处也存在于Al2O3晶粒内部，形成独特的“内晶型”结构。当受到外力时既能诱发穿晶断裂，又能引起裂纹偏转，从而起到增强的作用。由于产生晶界滑移，韧性有所下降。     

无压烧结Al2O3/Si3N4纳米复合陶瓷的力学性能

对Al2O3／Si3N4体系进行无压烧结。获得试样相对密度大于98％，物相分析烧结体中并没有Si3N4颗粒存在而是形成SIALON相。Si3N4和Al2O3反应生成的β-SIALON相颗粒不仅分布在Al2O3晶粒晶界处也存在于Al2O3晶粒内部，形成独特的“内晶型”结构。当受到外力时既能诱发穿晶断裂，又能引起裂纹偏转，从而起到增强的作用。由于产生晶界滑移，韧性有所下降。     

无压烧结Al2O3/Si3N4纳米复合陶瓷的力学性能

通过对Al2O3／Si3N4体系进行无压烧结,获得的试样相对密度大于98％,物相分析烧结体中没有Si3N4颗粒存在,而是形成β-SiAlON相。Si3N4和Al2O3反应生成的β-SiAlON相颗粒不仅分布在Al2O3晶粒晶界处,也存在于Al2O3晶粒内部,形成独特的“内晶型”结构。当受到外力时既能诱发穿晶断裂,又能引起裂纹偏转,起增强作用,但由于产生晶界滑移,材料韧性有所下降。     

基于Al合金化的β-Mo(Si,Al)_2自蔓延高温合成

为了研究添加Al粉对自蔓延高温合成β-Mo(Si,Al)2的影响,以Si、Mo和Al粉为原料,按照化学式Mo(Si1-xAlx)2(x分别取0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4,即Al取代Si物质的量依次为0、10%、20%、30%、40%)配料,采用自蔓延高温合成制备了不同Al含量的β-Mo(Si,Al)2,并利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对合成产物进行了相组成和产物形貌分析。结果表明:Al的加入有利于自蔓延反应进行得更加完全,在自蔓延过程中,Al进入到MoSi2晶格中,发生Al、Si取代,当Al取代Si物质的量达到40%时,仍能实现Al的合金化,生成高温相β-Mo(Si,Al)2,并且随着Al的添加会使自蔓延合成产物的晶格发生严重变形。通过SEM观察发现:加入Al粉的合成产物形貌都呈现出小颗粒的聚集状态,且小颗粒为球形或接近等轴状,颗粒平均粒径为2~5μm,说明自蔓延合成产物的形貌继承了Mo粉的原始形貌,而与Al粉加入量没有明显关系。     

原位生成SiAlON增强Al2O3-SiC-C铁沟浇注料的力学性能

根据热力学计算,在还原气氛下,通过引入Si3N4和提高Si的加入量等途径原位合成制备出SiAlON增强Al2O3-SiC-C浇注料是完全可行的.实验研究了Si3N4的加入量和Si的加入量对Al2O3SiC-C铁沟浇注料力学性能的影响.结果发现随着Si3N4加入量的提高,材料的力学性能先增大,后减小,加入量为6%时材料力学性能最佳;Si的加入量对材料性能的影响较为显著,材料的力学性能随着其加入量的增多而逐渐提高,其最佳加入量为5%.XRD及SEM分析结果表明,SiAlON增强Al2O3-SiC-C铁沟浇注料性能优良的根本原因是由于Si3N4、Si与Al2O3原位反应生成的SiAlON改变了材料基质结合形式,提高了基质的固-固直接结合率.     

Si_3N_4/Fe,Si_3N_4/Fe_3Al界面的固相反应(英文)

用扫描电子显微镜、电子能谱仪、X射线衍射等研究了在Ar气氛中,经1150℃,10h等温热处理后,Si3N4/Fe,Si3N4/Fe3Al平而偶界面固相反应区的形貌、成分分布、显微结构及相组成.结果表明:Si3N4/Fe界面固相反应形成约120μn厚的反应区,Fe含量从Si3N4侧到Fe侧逐渐增加,反应区中的Si成分约为5%(原子分数),反应区主要由Fe(Si)固溶体构成,其中均匀地分御着细小的孔洞:Si3NdFe3Al界面固相反应形成约3μm厚的反应区,反应区具有比Fe3Al高得多的Al含量,反应区由FeAl,Fc(Al,Si)固溶体及三元化合物AlgFeSi3构成.Si3NdFe3Al具有比Si3N4/Fe高得多的 界面化学相容性.     

熔体浸渍技术制备SiCp/AlN复合材料

采用熔体浸渍技术，研究了在高纯氮气氛下Al—Mg—Si合金反应浸渍碳化硅预形体制备SiCp／AlN复合材料．借助XRD，SEM／EDS，EMPA等测试手段检测了产物的物相组成，观察了材料的微观形貌，并对复合材料微区成分进行了分析。结果表明：1200℃下，在氮气气氛中用Al—Mg—Si合金反应浸渍碳化硅形成了SiCp／AlN复合材料。在氮化温度下，Al—Mg—Si合金中的Mg元素极易蒸发，与气氛中的微量氧发生反应，起到深脱氧作用，而Si元素的存在使Al—Si熔体容易浸渍渗透进入SiC预形体中，同时氮化反应生成AIN，形成了以AIN／Si为三维骨架，SiC呈孤岛状结构的SiCp／AlN复合材料。生长前沿氮化铝以胞状方式生长，胞内由呈放射状生长排列的柱状晶氮化铝构成，柱晶之问有大量的通道间隙，Si元素在胞内呈不均匀分布，胞边缘部分的硅含量明显高于胞中心部分，这与柱状氮化铝的生长机理有关。     

氮气气氛下制备的Al-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3复合材料的显微结构及性能

以板状刚玉、电熔白刚玉、氧化铝微粉、金属铝粉、氮化硅微粉为原料,热固型酚醛树脂为结合剂,在1 300℃氮气气氛下保温8h制备Al-Si3N4-Al2O3复合材料,并对Al-Si3N4-Al2O3复合材料进行热力学分析。结果表明:不添加Si3N4时,Al-Al2O3样品中的增强相主要为Al4O4C;添加Si3N4后,Al-Si3N4-Al2O3样品中的增强相主要为Si5AlON7(Z=1),此外,还有少量的金属塑性相Al和Si。Al-Si3N4-Al2O3样品可在氮气气氛下低温(1 300℃)合成出Si5AlON7(Z=1)。当Si3N4加入量为3%时,Al-Si3N4-Al2O3样品的常温耐压强度高达285MPa。     

金属Al/Si结合Al2O3-C滑板的使用损毁分析

用XRD、SEM、EDS和化学分析法对金属Al/Si结合Al2O3-C滑板用后的残砖进行了分析,用后滑板的结构可分为原砖带和工作带两部分.原砖带的主要变化特征为:从低温到高温Al、Si逐渐原位反应生成碳化物和氮化物,使滑板由金属结合转变为非氧化物结合,提高了滑板的高温强度和抗热震性;工作带的主要变化特征为:非氧化物逐渐被氧化,使高温强度降低.金属Al/Si结合Al2O3-C滑板使用损毁过程为:工作带中的非氧化物首先被氧化,氧化后结构疏松,强度降低,在铸孔处由高温钢水冲刷引起铸孔扩大,在滑动面处因机械摩擦造成滑动面拉毛.     

Ablation behavior of Al20Si/graphite composite nozzle-throats in a solid rocket motor environment

Small solid rocket motors (SRM) require low density, low ablation nozzle-throat materials. In the present study, Al20Si alloy was infiltrated into the porous graphite matrix to develop Al20Si/graphite composites by pressure infiltration method. The ablation behavior of the as-prepared composite was investigated in a small SRM testing system with an average pressure of 13.3 MPa and 5 wt% Al for 1.4 s. The results show that the linear ablation rate of the Al20Si/graphite throat decreased by 92% compared to that of the C/C composite throat. The increased anti-ablative properties are provided by Al20Si alloy fillers, which reduce the degree of thermochemical ablation of the graphite matrix through heat dissipation, oxygen dissipation, and thermal blockage. Furthermore, the Al₄SiC₄ generated from Al20Si alloy and graphite fills graphite pores, which contributes to the oxidation resistance of the composite.     

Solubility Limits of α'-SiAION Solid Solutions in the System Si,Al,Y/N,O

The solubility limit of α'-SiAION solid solutions on the Si₃N₄─YN:3AIN composition join in the system Si₃N₄─YN─AIN has been determined at 1800°C. The end members of these solid solutions are Y_0.43Si_10.7Al_1.3N₁₆ and Y_0.8Si_9.6Al_2.4N₁₆. Unit-cell dimensions of the α'-SiAION solid solutions in the system Si,Al,Y/N,O can be expressed as follows: a _o(Å) = 7.752 + 0.045 m + 0.009 n , c _o(Å) = 5.620 + 0.048 m + 0.009 n , where the α'-SiAION solid solution has the formula Y _x Si_{12-( m+n )}Al _m+n N_{16- n} O _n . The single-phase boundary of the solid solution α'-SiAION on the composition triangle Si₃N₄─YN:3AIN─AIN:Al₂O₃ is delineated. The present paper also reports the phase relationships involving α'-SiAION.     

Effects of Si/Al ratio on the structure and properties of metakaolin based geopolymer

Geopolymer with Si/Al ratios from 2 to 4 were prepared by adding different contents of fused silica into geopolymer matrix. Effects of Si/Al ratios on the structure, mechanical properties and chemical stability in air of the obtained geopolymer were systematically investigated. The results showed that all the geopolymer samples were XRD amorphous. Geopolymer with Si/Al ratios of 2 and 2.5 showed similar structure and property and they were classed as KGP-I; and geopolymer with Si/Al ratios of 3, 3.5 and 4 were similar and they were class as KGP-II. In alkaline solution, reactivity of fused silica were higher than that of metakaolin, resulting in higher content of both residual metakaolin and free alkaline cation in KGP-II than in KGP-I. Fused silica partially reacted with the alkaline solution in KGP-II indicating chemical interfacial bonding between silica and binder phase. With the increase in Si/Al ratios, KGP-II especially for geopolymer with Si/Al of 4 showed much higher mechanical properties than KGP-I due to the increased Si-O-Si bonds and residual silica as reinforcement. However, KGP-II showed worse chemical stability in air than KGP-I, with the presence of efflorescence on the surface, which was attributed to their higher residual free K⁺.     

In situ formation of SiC in Al–40Si alloy during high-pressure solidification

The in situ formation of SiC in Al–40Si alloys during the fabrication of SiC/Al–Si composites by high-pressure solidification were investigated. The results demonstrate that the in situ formation of SiC occurs by a gradual conversion of Al₄C₃ and Al₄SiC₄ to SiC. In situ SiC can be formed in an Al–40Si alloy solidified under a pressure of 3 GPa at a temperature of 1373 K. The SiC particles (SiC_p) formed in situ was compatible with the α-Al matrix and the Si phases. The relative density of the SiC/Al-38.6Si composite was 99.9%. The bending strengths of the Al–40Si alloy and the SiC/Al-38.6Si composite obtained by solidification under a pressure of 3 GPa were 200.8 MPa and 322 MPa, respectively, which represents an enhancement of 60.3% as a result of reinforcement by the in situ-formed SiC.     

SiCp/Al复合材料界面反应的XRD及热力学分析

利用XRD分析了影响SiCp/Al系统界面反应的因素,得出以下结论:铝合金中Si,Mg元素越多界面反应越小;温度越高时间越长,界面反应越大.进一步从热力学的角度对界面反应进行了计算和分析,得到用XRD相同的结果.     

钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料的制备及其抗铝液浸渗性能

以Al2O3,TiO2,MgO和Fe2O3粉末为起始原料制备出不同氧化铝含量的钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料;通过考察浸于熔融铝液中试样断面显微结构和特征元素分布研究了复合材料抗铝液浸渗性能。研究表明,反应烧结得到的是含5％MgTi2O5（质量分数）和1％Fe2TiO5（质量分数）的钛酸铝复合固溶体与氧化铝组成的复合材料,复合材料的烧结致密度随试样中氧化铝含量的增加而增加。高钛酸铝含量的钛酸铝／氧化铝复合材料具有良好的抗铝浸渗性能。     

Al2TiO5-Si3N4复合材料制备工艺研究

以Al2TiO5粉料、α-Si3N4粉料为原料,制备Al2TiO5-Si3N4复合材料。研究了Si3N4加入量、烧成气氛、烧成温度、保温时间对Al2TiO5-Si3N4复合材料性能的影响。研究结果表明,制备Al2TiO5-Si3N4复合材料较佳的工艺条件为Si3N4含量15％、氮化气氛、烧成温度为1550℃,保温时间为2h。