十二烷基硫酸钠对亚麻织物喷墨印花性能的影响

为提高亚麻织物的喷墨印花颜色效果,将十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与海藻酸钠(SA)协同作用于亚麻织物的预处理工艺,对处理后织物表面墨滴的铺展面积、喷墨印花色块的颜色参数进行了测试,使用接触角测量仪、SEM、表面Zeta电位仪、XPS和FTIR对预处理前后亚麻织物表面物理和化学性能进行了表征.结果表明:与SA预处理织物相比,SDS的引入可使亚麻织物表面墨滴铺展面积减小14％,墨滴渗化程度也明显减小;青色和黑色印花色块的表观颜色深度增加,摩擦色牢度略有降低,断裂强力和耐日晒色牢度无明显改变.预处理后,SDS+SA预处理剂在亚麻织物表面形成了薄膜,纤维间以锯齿状的膜结构堵塞了孔隙,促使更多的活性染料在滴落的位置与纤维发生共价结合;此外,预处理后织物的亲水性增加,有利于染料对亚麻纤维的上染.     

陶瓷墙地砖生产管理与品质管理

（续上期）9陶瓷喷墨印花技术1）数码彩色喷墨印花机专为陶瓷印花工艺而设计,所用的赛尔墨滴优化技术可产生多种不同大小的墨滴,以适应瓷砖设计的需要。     

KH550改性水性聚氨酯的制备及应用研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和聚酯多元醇218为预聚原料、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水性扩链剂、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为交联剂、三乙胺(TEA)为中和剂、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH 550)为改性剂,制得有机硅改性水性聚氨酯(WPU-Si);并将其用作纯棉及涤/棉机织物的涂料印花耐摩擦色牢度提升剂。研究了KH 550用量对乳胶粒粒径及胶膜吸水率、拉伸强度和拉断伸长率的影响;通过FT-IR分析对其结构进行了表征,利用SEM对整理后织物的表面形态进行了表征。结果表明,KH 550较佳的质量分数为3%。将WPU-Si应用在机织物的涂料印花中,对于纯棉织物,当WPU-Si质量分数为6%时耐干、湿摩擦色牢度最佳;对于涤/棉织物,当WPU-Si质量分数为5%时耐干、湿摩擦色牢度最佳;通过SEM照片表明纤维空隙之间及织物表面明显均有胶膜的存在,纤维与纤维之间存在明显的粘连,说明整理剂成功附着于纤维和织物的表面,达到了整理的目的。     

加压热水预处理温度对毛白杨木材结构及酶解效果的影响

采用加压热水对毛白杨进行预处理,利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）等研究了预处理温度对毛白杨木材及其酶解材微结构的影响,并考察了预处理温度对还原糖得率的影响。结果表明：毛白杨木材经加压热水处理后结构松散,纤维形态和表面结构发生了改变;加压热水处理温度超过180 ℃以后,酶解前后物料的结晶度降低明显,酶解后的降幅最大可达74%。随着预处理温度的增加,木材酶解还原糖得率先增加后减小,其中预处理温度为200 ℃时还原糖得率最大可达38.3%。     

C．A．染料文摘（141—19-25[-]）

活性染料混合物及其用于含氨或含羟基纤维的染色,具有良好耐渗色性的喷墨印花墨水及织物印花墨水,活性偶氮染料，具有耐氧化剂漂白牢度的活性染料混合物,具有良好耐渗色性的喷墨印花墨水及织物印花墨水     

花生衣天然染料对亚麻织物染色性能研究

以60%乙醇提取花生衣染料,对亚麻织物进行染色。采用直接染色、铁预媒染及铝预媒染3种不同染色方法,研究染色温度和染料用量对亚麻织物染色性能的影响。通过测试染色后织物的K/S以及L、a、b得出最佳染色温度为:直接染色为120℃,Fe⁽²⁺⁾预媒染为110℃,Al(2+)预媒染为110℃,Al⁽³⁺⁾预媒染为120℃。媒染染色织物颜色差异较大,在相同染色条件下,Fe(3+)预媒染为120℃。媒染染色织物颜色差异较大,在相同染色条件下,Fe⁽²⁺⁾预媒染织物K/S值最大。直接染色亚麻织物K/S值高达6,表明花生衣染料对亚麻织物染色潜力大。在最佳染色条件下,染色亚麻织物的色牢度、抗紫外性能优良,Al(2+)预媒染织物K/S值最大。直接染色亚麻织物K/S值高达6,表明花生衣染料对亚麻织物染色潜力大。在最佳染色条件下,染色亚麻织物的色牢度、抗紫外性能优良,Al⁽³⁺⁾预媒染织物各项色牢度可达4级以上,Fe(3+)预媒染织物各项色牢度可达4级以上,Fe⁽²⁺⁾预媒染织物抗紫外性能为原布样的11.8倍。染色后织物荧光性能明显提升,而直接染色最佳。     

多元羧酸与指甲醌染料交联染棉的结构及性能

为了提高天然染料对棉纤维的染色固色性能,以聚马来酸（PMA）和柠檬酸（CA）为交联剂应用于天然染料指甲醌对棉织物的交联染色。采用FTIR、SEM和XRD分析了染色前后棉织物的表面形态及结构,探讨了酯交联对棉织物性能的影响以及多元羧酸复配交联染色机理。结果表明,染色前后棉织物表面差别不大,各纤维间不粘连;直接染色后的棉纤维表面变化不明显,仅有少量染料附着,而交联染色后的棉纤维表面负载较多的染料导致其粗糙度增加,酯化反应主要发生在纤维的非晶态区。与直接染色棉织物相比,交联染色棉织物的染色深度（K/S）和上染率分别提高了88%和38%;染品的绿光、黄光增加,颜色饱和度提高;摩擦色牢度提高了1~2级;耐洗色牢度提高了1~2级;交联染色后棉织物的折皱回复角（WRA）提高了约60%,UPF值达到了50+,具有优异的抗紫外性能。     

亚麻纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料的隔声性能研究

以亚麻纤维为原料,聚丙烯为基体,制备纤维含量分别为0%、10%、20%、30%、40%的纤维增强复合材料,并对亚麻纤维进行碱处理和偶联剂处理,探讨了纤维含量以及表面处理对亚麻纤维增强复合材料的隔声性的影响。研究结果表明,当纤维含量超过10%时,复合材料的隔声性随着发声频率增加出现先增大后减小的趋势,同一发声频率,含量越低,隔声性能越差,当纤维含量超过30%后,电压峰值衰减率反而下降;表面处理后,复合材料的隔声性能有所提高,偶联剂处理后复合材料的隔声性能优于碱处理后的复合材料。     

C．A．染料文摘（141—19-25[二]）

分散染料CA141：333551具有良好贮存稳定性的织物印花用喷墨水的制备（柯尼卡美能达，日本）JP2004 292468（2004）；CA141：351530织物喷墨印花墨水（柯尼卡美能达，日本）JP2004 285218（2004）；CA141：306821喹啉双偶氮分散染料的合成及其在涤纶上的染色Journal of Institution of Chemists（印度）2003，56（6），181．183（英文）；     

芳纶纤维与表面处理层界面粘合机理研究

用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和电子能谱仪（XPS）研究芳纶纤维与表面处理层界面粘合机理。结果表明,采用封闭异氰酸酯以及RFL胶乳体系浸渍处理后的芳纶纤维表面增加了一种新的结合碳,而且其它碳的结合能向高能方向移动,纤维表面处理层的氮原子所占比例增大,提高了芳纶纤维的表面活性。     

Effect of cotton fabric pretreatment on drop spreading and colour performance of reactive dye inks

Ink dot distribution on cotton fabrics determines the colour performance of reactive dye inkjet printing, and ink drop spreading is one of the important factors influencing the ink dot distribution. In order to reveal the relationship between fabric pretreatment and ink drop spreading, two pieces of cotton fabric were pretreated respectively with sodium alginate and sodium alginate plus high fatty acid derivative solutions. Results indicate that the surface energy of the cotton fabrics was reduced from 73.79 to 69.45 and 58.49 mJ m^?2 after the pretreatment with sodium alginate and sodium alginate plus high fatty acid derivative respectively. Correspondingly, the spreading area of cyan ink drops on these fabrics was reduced from 104.9 to 92.5 and 72.3 mm². Furthermore, on the fabric treated with sodium alginate plus high fatty acid derivative, the strip‐like ink dots were narrow and short, which means the dye was concentrated in an area on the fabric surface. Colorimetric values of the inkjet‐printed fabrics demonstrated that the high fatty acid derivative would enhance the ability of sodium alginate to control ink droplet spreading, thereby improving the colour performance.     

Pretreatment of silk fabric surface with amino compounds for ink jet printing

This research studied pretreatments of silk fabric with amino compounds for ink jet printing. The pre-treating solutions were serine, glycine, aspartic acid, sericin, chitosan, and a commercial pre-treating chemical called Sanfix 555. Both untreated and treated fabrics were printed with in-house formulated pigmented inks and later steamed to fix the ink on the fabric surface. The pretreatments containing the amino compounds improved hydrophilicity of the silk fabric with the exception of chitosan. The color gamut from sericin, chitosan, and Sanfix 555 pretreatments was wider than that from the amino acid pretreatments. The chroma of the cyan color was most improved. The fabric, after pretreatment with sericin, showed a significant improvement in dry crock fastness while wet crock fastness was improved by serine and glycine. The chitosan slightly improved both dry and wet crock fastness. Wash fastness of all pretreated and printed fabrics including untreated and the printed fabrics was excellent because the pigmented ink was formulated with pigment and binder. Bending stiffness of the silk fabrics after chitosan pretreatment was significantly higher than those with other pretreatments. The ink penetration in sericin and chitosan padded layers was shallower than those for amino acids, enhancing ink deposition on the fabric surface. The amino compound pretreatments held and fixed additional ink on the fabric surfaces resulting in a wider color gamut of the inks.     

A custom ink‐jet printing system using a novel pretreatment method

A low‐cost and environmental‐friendly direct dye‐based ink‐jet printing system was developed. A novel ink‐jet pretreatment method was employed, in which the cationic fixing agent, Matexil FC‐ER, was applied as the colourless fixing ink and applied only on image areas of the fabric by ink‐jet printer. It was found that this new pretreatment method could more effectively enhance the colour strength and improve the wash fastness (greyscale ≥ 3) when compared with traditional exhaust application. The cross‐staining of non‐image areas of fabric was also apparently decreased using this new method. The light fastness of ink‐jet pretreated samples was slightly reduced as the presence of Matexil FC‐ER made dyes more sensitive to light.     

Use of a biomaterial as a thickener for textile ink‐jet printing

The feasibility of using chitosan as a thickener in the pretreatment print paste for textile ink‐jet printing was explored. An orthogonal analysis was used to determine the optimum conditions for using chitosan as a thickener in the pretreatment print paste and the effects of different process factors for achieving the best color yield in textile ink‐jet printing. With the help of the orthogonal analysis, the importance of different process factors was found to be in the order of (1) the amount of urea used, (2) the amount of chitosan used, (3) the amount of sodium bicarbonate used, and (4) the steaming time. On the basis of the results of the orthogonal analysis, the optimum conditions for using chitosan as a thickener for the pretreatment print paste were concluded to be 40 mL of chitosan, 10 g of urea, 8 g of sodium bicarbonate, and 5 min of steaming. According to an analysis of the results of different color fastness tests, chitosan could principally work as a pretreatment print paste thickener. However, the final color yield obtained from chitosan‐containing cotton fabrics depended greatly on the stage of the chitosan application. Nevertheless, the color fastness properties and the outline sharpness of the prints of cotton fabric were greatly improved by the chitosan treatment. A two‐bath chitosan treatment was developed to separate the chitosan from sodium bicarbonate and urea before it was padded onto the fabric surface to minimize the neutralization effect. On the basis of the results for the highest color yield obtained on the cotton fabric, it was confirmed that the two‐bath chitosan treatment was successfully developed. In addition, chitosan could impart higher antibacterial properties with a slight reduction in the tensile strength of the cotton fabric. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Some properties of a thickener for preparing inkjet printing ink for nylon carpet

The properties of a thickener for nylon carpet inkjet printing are presented in this work. A water-based ink was prepared from polyacrylate-based thickener. The physical and chemical properties of the polyacrylate-based thickener used for preparing the inkjet printing ink, as well as its printing effects on carpet, were investigated. Before printing, the properties of the ink, including its surface tension, electrolyte resistance, storage stability, and percentage removal, were investigated. After printing, the efficiency of coloration of printed carpet and the fastness of printed carpet were studied. The results concerning the surface tension and percentage removal of printing ink show that the polyacrylate-based thickener printing ink is suitable for nylon carpet inkjet printing. Meanwhile, its storage stability and electrolyte resistance make it suitable for printing. The efficiency of coloration of printed carpet and the fastness of printed carpet satisfy the requirements of application at appropriate ink concentration and viscosity.     

The influence of ink viscosity,water and fabric construction on the quality of ink‐jet printed polyester

This paper is concerned with the quality of lines and disperse ink in printing patterns on different untreated polyester fabric constructions. The lines running in the weft and warp directions were printed on polyester fabric constructions, and printing accuracy was assessed. Ink spreading is one of the important factors that influences the ink distribution. Thus, in order to acquire satisfactory ink‐jet printing products, it is essential to control the spreading of ink on the polyester fabric. To meet these conditions, a series of chemicals (disperse dye 5.01 wt%, PVP‐K30 0‐2 wt%, DEG 5‐20 wt%, water 64.17‐79.17 wt%, etc) with different mass fractions was used to prepare disperse ink. The jetting behaviour of ink was related to its surface tension and viscosity, which was characterised by an automatic surface tensiometer and rotational viscometer. Line profile was used to evaluate the printing effect. Low field nuclear magnetic resonance and three‐dimensional super depth digital microscopy were used to reveal the relationships between the state of water, ink diffusion behaviour and printing sharpness. The results showed that increasing ink viscosity or decreasing free water content is advantageous to improve the sharpness of the printing pattern. The effects of fabric structural parameters on line image quality are discussed. The printing quality was closely related to the weight and structure of fabric. The heavy weight fabrics had accurate print pattern sharpness. The fastness test results showed that the ink printing pattern had good colour fastness.     

Single‐phase ink‐jet printing onto cotton fabric

The current commercial application of ink‐jet reactive inks to cotton fabrics requires pretreating with pad liquor containing a thickener, urea and alkali prior to printing. In this study, attempts have been made to develop a reactive ink‐jet print in a single‐phase process by adding an organic salt to the ink formulation and hence removing the need to pretreat fabrics. This approach utilises inks containing both a reactive dye, in this case Procion Red H‐E3B, and an organic salt such as sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propionate or tri‐sodium citrate. The behaviour of a novel reactive ink formulation for ink‐jet printing on to cotton fabric was evaluated at different pH vlaues. The results at optimum pH indicated that printed non‐pretreated fabrics with ink containing organic salts exhibited a higher level of reactive dye fixation than printed pretreated fabric containing no organic salt ink. The yielded prints demonstrate excellent colour fastness to washing and dry/wet crocking properties. The light fastness of the printed fabrics was improved by adding an organic salt to the ink formulation.     

Fastness and dyeability improvement of wool fabric pretreated with oxalate derivatives

Wool fabrics were pretreated with calcium and sodium oxalate in acidic and alkaline pH media. The pretreated and untreated fabric samples were then dyed in the same bath with acid dyes by the exhaustion technique. The pretreated fiber sample surfaces were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The color strength and fastness properties of the fabrics were investigated. The results of the study showed that pretreatment with oxalate derivatives can be used as a means of improving the dyeability of wool fibers. As the dyed, pretreated wool fabrics had higher color strength and fastness results than the untreated wool fabrics, the mechanical properties were affected negatively. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

A study of the properties of ink-jet printed cotton fabric following low-temperature plasma treatment

This paper studies the effect of low-temperature plasma treatment on an ink-jet printed cotton fabric. Due to the specific printing and conductivity requirements for ink-jet printing, not all conventional printing chemicals, such as sodium alginate and urea, used for cotton fabric can be directly incorporated into the ink formulation. As a result, the cotton fabric requires pretreatment with the printing chemicals prior to the stage of ink-jet printing. Cotton is pretreated with the printing chemicals by means of a coating method. The aim of this paper was to study the possibility and effectiveness of applying low-temperature plasma treatment to enhance the performance of pretreatment paste containing sodium alginate so as to improve the properties of the ink-jet printed cotton fabric. Experimental results revealed that a low-temperature plasma pretreatment coupled with the ink-jet printing technique could improve the final printed properties of cotton fabric.     

Ink‐jet printing of nylon fabric using reactive dyestuff

This study discusses ink‐jet printing of nylon fabric with reactive dyestuff. Specifically, this paper investigates the impact of the concentration levels of pretreatment paste on fabric permeability, and examines the influence of various acid agents, hygroscopic agents and different processing conditions on colour yield. Results show that ink‐jet printing displayed excellent wet fastness in repeated wash testing. This study used four reactive dyestuffs, cyan, magenta, yellow and black, all of which achieved both wash fastness and crock fastness of grade 4.