毛用1:2金属络合染料的化学结构及合成方法

前言毛用1:2金属络合染料是由酸性媒介染料及1:1金属络合染料发展起来的,因为能在中性浴中染色,又称中性染料。它与强酸性浴中染色的上面二类染料及一般酸性染料比较,具有不损伤羊毛、手感好的优点。染色工艺比酸性媒介染料简单,无含铬的染色废水。通常金属络合使染料的最大吸收波长增长,并使染色物牢度增加,但与一般酸性染料比较,色光较暗,主要用于染中深色。     

实用染色的若干应用技术(27)

Q&A 问:怎样选择锦纶(尼龙)染色用染料? 答:锦纶又称尼龙6(聚己内酰胺纤维),染色较容易,而尼龙66(聚酰胺纤维)则比较困难.主要表现在对染料的选择上,但通过调整工艺可以克服.用于锦纶染色的染料有分散、直接、酸性、活性和各种金属络合染料等.其中,酸性、活性染料的色泽最鲜艳,分散染料对纤维本身条干不匀的覆盖性较佳,金属络合染料的色牢度最高,直接染料的染深性较强.现在市场上大多采用锦纶作里料,而以锦/棉/粘交织物作面料.里料染色比较简单,而面料染色则要求较高.     

2-氨基-4-氯苯酚-6-磺酸合成研究

一、前言羊毛染色通过常用酸性染料、媒染染料、活性染料和中性染料。酸性染料在强酸性介质中染色对羊毛纤维有损伤并影响羊毛的手感,牢度也不理想。媒染染料色光不漂亮,色泽暗,染色工艺复杂,重视性差,含铬印染废水污染严重。磺酰胺型1:2金属络合染料水溶性差匀染     

实用染色的若干应用技术（24）

问：如何正确使用好酸性金属络合染料？ 答：酸性金属络合染料，如1：1型金属络合染料在生产中，可以像普通酸性染料一样染羊毛、蚕丝和锦纶织物。据文献记载，金属络合染料，用普通酸性染料的染色方法，无需再用铬媒剂，就能直接与羊毛产生盐结合，染法方便，染色牢度与媒介染料相近。如采用酸性络合黄N-WA、红N—WA、蓝N—WA和黑N—WA染料（上虞光明化工厂）对羊毛针织物、真丝双绉和锦纶（尼丝纺）进行染色试验，处方与工艺条件见表1。     

一步法锦/氨空气包覆纱的染色性能

以一步法锦/氨空气包覆纱为研究对象,进行酸性染料染色工艺研究,探讨了pH值、时间、温度、浴比、染料质量浓度等对染色性能的影响,优化得到染色工艺为:pH值3.0,染色时间60 min,染色温度90℃,浴比1∶40,染料质量浓度0.25 g/L。在最优工艺条件下比较了一步法和两步法锦/氨空气包覆纱的上染率,结果表明:一步法的上染率高达98.19%,明显高于两步法44.92%的上染率。水洗牢度测试表明:两者耐洗色牢度均在4级以上,满足实际应用的要求。     

酸性络合染料在锦纶织物上的染色

本文以几支酸性络合染料在锦纶织物上染色为例,对染色的浴比、竭染率、上色率、助剂对染色的影响进行了研究,确定了合理的染色方法。同时对不同织物的色光、强度进行目测和电子测色的比较。结果表明:酸性络合染料的染色色光和强度目测结果和电子测色结果有很好的一致性,电子测色减少了人为误差。     

载体复配对涤纶分散染料常压沸染的影响研究

将N-正丁基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、自制苯酯助剂和WLS联合应用于涤纶常压沸染染色中,结果表明:N-正丁基邻苯二甲酰亚胺和苯酯助剂具有增塑涤纶的作用,而苯酯助剂和WLS具有阳离子结构,可促进分散染料阴离子胶束吸附涤纶,这3种助剂按适当比例复配有协效作用。复配载体应用于涤纶织物分散染料常压染色,染料上染百分率、染色织物表观深度、耐摩擦牢度及耐皂洗牢度与传统高温高压染色工艺效果相当。     

纺织印染助剂发展概况(续完)

二、固色剂阴离子染料虽然色谱齐全,色光比较鲜艳,但湿处理牢度常常不够满意。为了提高牢度而采用了相应特殊助剂。我们把能防止织物上染料掉色而使用的助剂称之为固色剂。为了提高染色织物的湿牢度,可以在染浴中添加助刑或在染色之后进行后处理。现行的简便方法是用阳离子化合物处理法或辅以金属盐拼用法。总之,固色剂的作用是使染料或结合成不牢固的染料盐(不溶于水),或使染料分子增大而难溶于水,借以提高染料的固色效果,使染色织物的牢度部分地得到改善。值得注意的是,使用固色剂处理后有使染     

分散性阳离子染料的性质与染色性的关系

腈纶混纺织物是六十年代发展起来的一类新型纺织材料,由于它具有优良的服用性能,显示了腈纶纤维和其它(天然或合成)纤维的优越的混纺性,因此十多年来发展迅速。目前有涤/腈、棉/腈、粘/腈、毛/腈、锦/腈以及三合一等品种,其产量几乎占了腈纶织物的60％。这类织物的腈纶组份虽然可用着色力强、色泽艳丽、牢度优良的阳离子染料染色,但是通常的阳离子染料用来印染腈纶混纺织物会产生三个问题:1.通常的阳离子染料带正电荷,与毛用酸性、金属络合染料,棉用活性、直接染料以     

还原剂SRP在天然靛蓝染色中的应用研究

本文研究了应用还原剂SRP还原天然靛蓝对棉织物进行染色,通过单因素分析和正交试验法优化了天然靛蓝的染色工艺,并研究了还原剂SRP结构和还原电位。通过染色织物K/S值、色牢度等评级,得到优化工艺为:天然靛蓝5%(o. w. f.),还原剂SRP 30 g/L,烧碱3. 33 g/L,60℃下还原15 min;染色时,氯化钠70 g/L,染色温度20℃,染色时间75 min。在优化条件下染色织物的皂洗牢度和汗渍牢度均达到4～5级,日晒牢度3～4级,但摩擦牢度低于3级。还原剂SRP中主要含有S和Na以及其他少量元素;还原电位与还原剂结构、还原剂浓度和烧碱浓度有关,染料的存在使还原电位绝对值增大;还原电位绝对值越高,染色织物的K/S值越大。     

核桃青皮醇提物对棉织物染色性能的研究

为解决天然染料核桃青皮染色色调单一的问题,以颜色特征值和染色牢度为指标,通过单因素和正交实验优化了影响染色效果的温度、时间、pH值及核桃青皮色素染液的质量浓度等因素,比较了单金属盐的不同媒染方法和双金属盐复配对纯棉织物染色性能的影响。结果表明,核桃青皮色素染色的优化条件为：温度90oC、质量浓度71.40 g/L、染浴pH=4.0、时间140 min。核桃青皮提取液染色棉织物色谱的范围广,耐摩擦牢度好;耐皂洗牢度上单金属盐媒染是后媒＞前媒＞同浴＞直接染色,双金属盐复配及Fe3+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Al3+、Cr6+等单金属盐媒染的耐皂洗色牢度均能达到3级以上。X-射线衍射分析表明棉织物内部结构未受影响,Fe3+、Fe2+、Cr6+、Sr2+、Na+和K+等单金属盐和Fe2+/Cu2+、Fe2+/Ti4+、Cu2+/Ti4+、Cu2+/Sn2+、Al3+/Cr6+、Cr6+/Ti4+和Cr6+/Sn2+等双金属盐媒染后的棉织物紫外线防护能力增强。     

阳离子改性棉织物活性染料染色性能

用自制的阳离子改性剂对棉织物进行改性处理,用浓度为6%(o.w.f.)的活性红3BS、活性黄3RS、活性黑KN-B三种染料分别对改性后的棉织物进行无盐染色。分别讨论了上染速率曲线、移染性能对上染性能的影响。得到的最优固色工艺为:碳酸钠用量为10 g/L~15 g/L,在60℃下固色20分钟~30分钟。改性棉织物的匀染性良好,耐水洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度与常规染色基本一致。     

封闭型水性聚氨酯的固色应用

采用封闭型水性聚氨酯对棉织物进行固色研究,探讨了水性聚氨酯的用量、催化剂的使用以及固色工艺对固色效果的影响。结果显示,当水性聚氨酯的用量为40~60 g/L,催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡(T-12)为水性聚氨酯用量的0.7%时,固色后棉织物的湿摩擦牢度可达到4级,且汽蒸工艺有助于湿摩擦牢度的提高。用红外光谱差谱技术研究了固色机理,结果表明,水性聚氨酯因其成膜性以及覆盖染料的作用而提高色牢度,尤其是湿摩擦牢度。     

蚕蛹蛋白纤维混纺纱染色效果影响因素分析

为迎合市场对蚕蛹蛋白纤维应用的需求,对蚕蛹蛋白纤维和天丝混纺纱进行了染色性能测试分析。以上染率及K/S值作为衡量指标,对上染后的蚕蛹蛋白纤维混纺纱进行上染效果评估。通过综合考虑,确定最佳染色工艺如下:1%(o.m.f.)的活性蓝M-2GE染料,浴比1∶20,平平加O质量浓度为0.5 g/L,硫酸钠质量浓度为25 g/L,碳酸钠质量浓度为15 g/L,上染温度和时间分别为65℃和45 min,固色温度和时间分别为70℃和35 min。经最优工艺染色后,蚕蛹蛋白纤维针织面料染色牢度较好,符合染色质量要求。     

Synthesis and application of a novel,triphendioxazine‐based,phosphorus‐containing acid dye for wool

A novel phosphorus‐containing acid dye based on triphendioxazine was designed and synthesised from diphenylamine through a series of reactions. The dye has a navy‐blue colour, high molar extinction coefficient of 5.32 × 10⁴ l/mol·cm, and high substantivity for dyeing wool in a salt‐free, aqueous dyebath. A high exhaustion value of 98.2% on wool fabrics was recorded at 3% omf and a liquor ratio of 1:20. The wash fastness values of the acid dye, including colour change and staining on cotton and wool, were grades 5, 4 and 4–5, respectively. The dry and wet fastness are grades 4–5 and 4, respectively. In addition, light fastness reaches grades 6–7 at 3% omf dye concentration. These dye properties are better than those of commercial triphendioxazine dyes, for example, CI Direct Blue 106 and CI Reactive Blue 198, under analogous dyeing conditions.     

Extraction of polyphenolic dyes from henna,pomegranate rind,and Pterocarya fraxinifolia for nylon 6 dyeing

Acid and disperse dyes are two well‐known synthetic materials that are primarily used for dyeing of nylon 6 fibres. Despite their good performance, several negative impacts on the environment, including air and water pollution, are major concerns to researchers. An alternative ecofriendly approach to the dyeing of nylon 6 is the use of natural dyes, given their abundant natural sources, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non‐toxicity, non‐allergic responses, and non‐carcinogenic effects on human life. Based on these advantages, we extracted polyphenolic dyes from henna leaves, pomegranate rind, and Pterocarya fraxinifolia leaves and studied the dyeability on nylon 6 fabric using three compounds of aluminium sulfate, tannic acid, and tin chloride as toxic and non‐toxic mordants before dyeing. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the nylon 6 fabric confirmed the coordination complexes and π–π bonding between the mordants and the dyes. Colorimetric and fastness results showed that the mordants increased the colour strength and improved the fastness properties of the fibres. Our results suggest that tin chloride and aluminium sulfate as metal mordants can be successfully replaced with tannic acid as a biomordant in the natural dyeing of nylon 6. Also, cost assay showed that dyeing of nylon 6 with extracted natural dyes from waste leaves could be a sustainable and economical substitute for synthetic dyeing.     

活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能研究

为了了解活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能,采用单因素分析法,在改变温度、浴比、时间、元明粉浓度、纯碱浓度等工艺条件下,分别采用两种不同类型的活性染料对莲纤维进行染色,并测试其上染率、固色率、耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度。结果表明:活性大红X-3B上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶40,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度20 g/L,纯碱质量浓度30 g/L;活性嫩黄X-7G上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶50,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度10 g/L,纯碱质量浓度20 g/L;活性染料耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度都在3级以上。     

Dispersant‐free dyeing of poly(lactic acid) fabric with temporarily solubilised disperse dyes from azopyridone derivatives

Poly(lactic acid) fibre is derived from annually renewable crops and known to be 100% compostable. In order to extend its environmental friendliness into the dyeing process, dispersant‐free dyeing of poly(lactic acid) fabric with three temporarily solubilised azo disperse dyes based on hydroxypyridone moiety containing a β‐sulphatoethylsulphonyl group was investigated. The dyes were successfully applied to poly(lactic acid) fabric without the use of dispersants. The colour yields of the dyes on poly(lactic acid) fabric were observed to be dependent on dyebath pH and dyeing temperature. The optimum results were obtained at pH 4–5 and 110 °C. One of the dyes showed a colour yield as good as that of a commercial disperse dye and good build‐up on poly(lactic acid) fabric. All of the dyes could be alkali cleared owing to ionisation of the dye under mild alkaline conditions. Wash fastness was good to very good, and light fastness was good. The chemical oxygen demand levels of the poly(lactic acid) dyeing effluent from the dyes were considerably lower than those from a commercial disperse dye.     

大豆/PTT微胶囊分散染料/活性染料一浴一步法染色

探讨了纯碱和氯化钠用量、染料浓度对微胶囊分散蓝2BLN/活性染料(活性蓝KN-R、活性深蓝B-2GLN和活性蓝K-3RL)一浴法染色大豆/PTT混纺织物表观色深K/S值的影响,测定了不同染色工艺对染色织物牢度的影响.结果表明:当染料总用量为2％(o.w.f.),纯碱用量1g/L,氯化钠用量20 g/L,95℃条件下保温30分钟时,可使大豆/PTT混纺织物获得较高的表观色深.