VOC废气治理工程技术方案研究

近年来,我国工业发展在国民经济中占据越来越重要的地位,但是在其发展过程中产生了VOC废气,这种挥发性的毒害废气不仅对环境产生污染,对人们的身体健康也造成威胁。因此,人们对VOC废气治理的关注度越来越高。针对VOC废气治理工程进行研究探讨,并提出VOC废气治理工程技术的发展方向,为工业领域VOC废气治理提供参考。     

VOC废气治理工程的优化技术方案

近年来,工业产业迅速发展,工业经济在国民经济中的地位愈加重要。工业发展时产生的VOC废气,不仅造成了大气污染,还给人们的身心健康带来不利影响。基于此,介绍VOC废气治理的常见技术,结合VOC废气治理的工程实例,说明VOC废气治理的技术发展方向,设计VOC废气治理的优化方案。     

浅析蓄热式热力氧化技术处理挥发性有机废气

VOC是一种对环境和人类产生严重危害的废气,概述了VOC废气的来源和危害,同时介绍了一种很有发展前景的VOC废气处理方法——蓄热式热力氧化技术。     

储运油泥处理过程中VOC处置技术研究

在处理成品油油泥时会产生大量的挥发性有机物(VOC),该VOC基本C1～C8之间烃类油蒸气,对人及周围环境的影响很大。从吸收率和成本等方面综合比较了吸附法和吸收法VOC处置技术的优缺点,得出活性炭吸附法是一种成本较低,效率高,处置效果好的废气处理工艺,并且满足有机废气处置后尾气排放要求。     

涂装车间废气焚烧装置余热利用系统节能分析

涂装车间废气焚烧装置是用来处理车身表面漆膜烘干过程中所挥发的有机废溶剂,以减少VOC的排放量,如果将燃烧后的高温烟气通过热交换器进行回收利用,在达到环保要求的同时,可以有效节约能源。结合已实施的工程案例,简要阐述其应用情况和节能效果。     

汽车喷漆废气VOCs处理技术应用进展探究

汽车喷漆废气含有大量的漆雾和VOCs有机废气,是造成大气污染的主要原因之一。通过分析有机废气处理技术,针对汽车喷漆废气中VOC组分复杂问题和喷漆室、烘干室有机废气特点,研究了预处理+沸石浓缩转轮吸附+催化燃烧、预处理+活性炭纤维吸附+脱附+催化燃烧、预处理+生物滴滤+生物过滤的处理工艺等三种技术,以期为喷漆废气污染治理提供参考。     

蓄热式氧化焚烧炉(RTO)在羧基丁苯胶乳生产线上的应用

羧基丁苯胶乳(XSBRL)生产过程中排出含有少量未反应原料(苯乙烯,丁二烯,丙烯酸)和挥发性有机物(VOC)等废气,如何处理这部分废气,在环境污染日益严峻的情况下显得非常迫切和重要。本文介绍了一种蓄热式氧化焚烧炉(Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer,RTO)在废气处理上的应用,该技术是蓄热式燃烧技术和废气焚烧技术的完美结合,在羧基丁苯胶乳生产线上率先得到应用。     

吸附-催化燃烧法在家具行业涂装废气治理中的应用

通过对吸附-催化燃烧技术在某家具制造公司的喷漆车间废气的应用情况进行分析,结果表明,通过滤筒除尘、除漆粒预处理后的废气,经吸附后,满足《大气污染物综合排放标准》(GB 16297—1996),达标排放,且利用分子筛作为吸附剂,适用于含酮类VOC的场合,具有较高的安全性。     

新环保形势下有机废气VOC治理新技术分析

概述了VOC废气对人体和环境的危害,对新环保形势下的有机废气VOC治理新技术展开探究,分析VOC废气治理技术的发展方向,主要介绍了微生物技术、光催化技术、提取分离技术以及低温等离子技术。根据具体的治理项目展开研究,分析有机废气VOC治理技术在有机废气治理中的实际应用。     

水泥窑处置污泥烘干废气的污染与防治

采用HAPSITE便携式气相色谱/质谱仪、盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法等检测废气成分,研究了水泥窑处置城市污水污泥烘干过程中废气的污染与防治。实验结果表明,含水量较高的城市污水污泥烘干时会产生恶臭气味的尾气,其成分包括NH3、S和芳香族化合物、卤代烃等,直接排放会污染环境。以新鲜热风烘干污水污泥后的废气与煤粉在950℃燃烧,不仅可分解废气中多种有害组分,而且还可降低废气NOXH2浓度。利用窑尾废气直接烘干污泥的技术方案值得商榷,建议采用回收水泥回转窑筒体冷却热风或熟料冷却机热风烘干污水污泥,其废气再进入水泥窑燃烧的技术方案。     

电石炉尾气生产化工产品的研究

中国每年产生电石炉尾气35亿m3,目前利用集中在锅炉燃烧、烧石灰、焦炭烘干、发电等,这些都是利用电石炉尾气的燃烧热,是一种低端利用。为了解决电石炉尾气污染环境及利用效率低等问题,根据电石炉尾气的主要成分为CO,提出了将电石炉尾气经净化,并经变换等化学反应后生产醋酸、甲酸、光气、合成氨、脂肪醇、甲醇、天然气、乙二醇等化工产品。结果表明:利用电石炉尾气生产化工产品技术可行,经济效益显著,环境效益巨大,尤其是将电石炉尾气的综合利用与现有煤化工相结合,用电石炉尾气替代一部分合成气,电石炉尾气的利用价值将得到大幅提升,利用电石炉尾气生产化工产品可节省煤炭资源,减少大量的CO2排放,实现经济效益和环境效益的协同发展。     

A catalytic combustion technology of concentrated VOCs in textile coating process

We developed a new process employing catalytic combustion for textile coating aimed at decreasing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and saving energy at the same time. For this purpose, the VOCs are concentrated in a temperature swing adsorption (TSA) device. A fraction of the concentrated VOCs is completely oxidized on an electrically heated (EHC) system, and its combustion gas of EHC is supplied as the heating source via heat exchangers. The remaining concentrated VOC is recycled as a renewable energy source for the drying process to dual-type catalytic burners designed specially to operate with LPG and concentrated VOC at the same time. This system minimizes the problem of VOC emission and maximizes energy conservation by reusing the VOC, toluene, from textile coating.     

An improved adsorption–catalytic process for removing volatile organic compounds from exhaust gases

New methods are developed for conducting adsorption–catalytic processes to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaust gases at industrial enterprises. New flowsheets are proposed for these processes, in particular a system with localized heating of a part of the catalyst bed to initiate the combustion of adsorbed VOCs, and a system separating a full adsorption–catalytic bed into parallel sections with nonsimultaneous regeneration. Studies combine pilot-scale experiments and mathematical modeling. The flowsheet, in which the initiating heater is located directly in the catalytic adsorbent bed considerably reduces (by at least two orders of magnitude) the energy expenditures on regeneration, both in terms of specific energy consumption for purifying a unit volume of exhaust gases and in terms of the power required for the heater. Separating the bed into several sections allows a severalfold reduction in the maximum concentrations of pollutants and the gas temperature at the outlet of the adsorption–catalytic system during its operation. The proposed methods are characterized by high efficiency of gas purification and low energy consumption, so they can be widely used in protecting the atmosphere against VOC emissions.     

Experimental investigation on the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of biogas-biodiesel dual-fuel combustion in a CI engine

An experimental investigation was performed to study the influence of dual-fuel combustion characteristics on the exhaust emissions and combustion performance in a diesel engine fueled with biogas-biodiesel dual-fuel. In this work, the combustion pressure and the rate of heat release were evaluated under various conditions in order to analyze the combustion and emission characteristics for single-fuel (diesel and biodiesel) and dual-fuel (biogas-diesel and biogas-biodiesel) combustion modes in a diesel engine. In addition, to compare the engine performances and exhaust emission characteristics with combustion mode, fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, efficiency, and exhaust emissions were also investigated under various test conditions. For the dual-fuel system, the intake system of the test engine was modified to convert into biogas and biodiesel of a dual-fueled combustion engine. Biogas was injected during the intake process by two electronically controlled gas injectors, which were installed in the intake pipe.The results of this study showed that the combustion characteristics of single-fuel combustion for biodiesel and diesel indicated the similar patterns at various engine loads. In dual-fuel mode, the peak pressure and heat release for biogas-biodiesel were slightly lower compared to biogas-diesel at low load. At 60% load, biogas-biodiesel combustion exhibited the slightly higher peak pressure, rate of heat release (ROHR) and indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) than those of diesel. Also, the ignition delay for biogas-biodiesel indicated shortened trends compared to ULSD dual-fueling due to the higher cetane number (CN) of biodiesel. Significantly lower NO_x emissions were emitted under dual-fuel operation for both cases of pilot fuels compared to single-fuel mode at all engine load conditions. Also, biogas-biodiesel provided superior performance in reductions of soot emissions due to the absence of aromatics, the low sulfur, and oxygen contents for biodiesel.     

橡胶行业标准废气治理技术方案

本文针对橡胶行业标准提出了密炼车间和压延/硫化车间的废气净化方案。废气治理设备预处理采用干式过滤净化废气。利用复合光催化主机对废气进行光氧催化和后处理,并注入低温等离子以降解异味污染物。蓄热式燃烧利用蓄热式热氧化焚烧炉RTO净化废气,三室RTO废气分解率高于99%,热回收率高于95%。     

油页岩干馏产燃料油和液化石油气的创新工艺

利用铝甄法对桦甸油页岩进行数据分析,发现油页岩干馏气中含有大量的碳3（C3）、碳4（C4）组分（液化石油气）,直接燃烧将不能合理利用能源。针对这一情况,对提取液化石油气（LPG）前后的干馏气进行了分析,分析后发现提取LPG后,干馏气燃烧热值仍能满足工艺要求,系统本身热量仍能自给自足。故在不影响瓦斯全循环油页岩分级干馏工艺的前提下,提出了瓦斯全循环油页岩分级干馏生产燃料油和液化石油气的创新工艺,可以回收利用生产液化石油气（LPG）和燃料油,从而延长了产品链,提高了经济效益。     

催化燃烧技术处理石油化工企业含VOCs废气的工艺研究

石油化工企业工艺装置尾气及污水处理场逸散的废气均含有VOCs,其排放给区域空气质量和人体健康带来严重威胁。针对工艺尾气和污水处理场废气的特点,研究了催化燃烧工艺在处理这两类废气时工艺流程及控制方案。对工艺尾气采用碱洗—催化燃烧组合工艺,对污水处理场废气采用脱硫—均化—催化燃烧组合工艺。研究表明,针对上述两种废气,合理选择催化燃烧组合工艺及控制方案,能够有效处理废气中的VOCs组分,且处理后的气体烃类浓度均可达到国家有关标准。     

1kW SOFC-CHP系统用催化燃烧耦合蒸汽重整反应器的实验研究

针对1 kW 固体氧化物燃料电池热电联供(SOFC-CHP)系统开发了集成催化燃烧、换热及蒸汽重整的反应器,搭建了性能评价系统,系统研究了燃烧侧气体组分及工艺参数对该反应器性能的影响规律。实验结果表明:在反应器燃烧侧气体入口温度为300℃、空燃比为10:1、电堆燃料利用率为65%、水碳比为3 的条件下,重整侧转化率达到73.6%,重整尾气中H₂ 含量为67.5%。电堆燃料利用率对重整反应转化效率影响较大,其值大于80%时,采用尾气燃烧的余热回收方式无法有效为蒸汽重整提供所需热量。在150~350℃范围内,降低燃烧侧气体入口温度对重整反应效率影响较小,建议采用尾气先换热再进行催化燃烧的流程设计,保证重整效率的前提下可有效提升系统热效率。空燃比的降低可小幅度提升重整效率,在保证电堆反应温度稳定的前提下,适当降低空燃比可减少空气压缩机的功耗,从而提升整个系统的效率。研究成果对SOFC-CHP 系统的优化和整体效率提升具有指导意义。     

异戊橡胶装置尾气处理工艺路线选择

异戊橡胶生产过程中,后处理单元会排除大量含微量非甲烷烃类有机物、水等物质的空气,简称橡胶尾气。如何处理橡胶尾气以达到国家或地方的环保排放要求是新建异戊橡胶装置必须解决的问题。文章对橡胶尾气处理的几种工艺做了介绍,并对几种尾气工艺进行了比较,选择了最优的尾气处理工艺方案。