共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 948 毫秒
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《工程塑料应用》2020,(2)
以稻壳、竹粉、杨木粉作为聚乳酸(PLA)的增强材料,添加硅烷偶联剂进行界面处理,采用模压成型的方法制备PLA木塑复合材料,研究了纤维的种类与含量以及偶联剂对PLA木塑复合材料力学性能和吸水性能的影响,并采用体式显微镜对其形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,杨木粉对PLA复合材料的增强效果最好;杨木粉、稻壳、竹粉质量分数为30%时,PLA木塑复合材料的拉伸强度最大,分别为16.26,11.27,14.17 MPa,杨木粉质量分数为30%时PLA木塑复合材料的冲击强度最大,为4.44 kJ/m~2,随着复合材料中木粉含量的增加,其吸水率呈上升趋势;添加硅烷偶联剂改性使PLA/竹粉复合材料的拉伸强度最大提高了119.74%,冲击强度最大提高了86.52%,改性后的木塑复合材料各组分较为均匀、空洞和缺陷较少。 相似文献
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采用氢氧化钠(NaOH)、过氧化氢(H2O2)、异氰酸酯(IPDI)等不同改性剂对刨花板木粉进行化学改性处理,将改性后的刨花板木粉(PBF)与聚乳酸(PLA)基体通过熔融挤出共混,制备出PLA/PBF 木塑复合材料,研究了刨花板木粉改性处理方法和含量对木塑复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,刨花板木粉经NaOH+H2O2或NaOH+IPDI处理后,能显著改善木粉与基体间的界面相容性,提高木塑复合材料的力学性能;经NaOH+H2O2处理后,PBF含量为20 %(质量分数,下同)的PLA /PBF木塑复合材料的弯曲强度相比于未处理的增加了21.63 %,达到118.5 MPa;拉伸强度增加了19.53 %,达到101.0 MPa;采用NaOH+H2O2改性处理的、PBF含量为20 %的PLA/PBF木塑复合材料具有更好的力学性能。 相似文献
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3D打印用聚乳酸/松木粉/纳米二氧化硅木塑复合材料性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以化学改性松木粉(PWF)为增强材料、聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,同时添加少量纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO_2),通过熔融挤出制备了适用于熔融沉积成型(FDM)3D打印技术的木塑复合材料,并对该木塑复合材料的力学性能和3D打印性能进行了研究。结果表明:添加nano-SiO_2可以显著提高木塑复合材料的力学性能,随着nanoSiO_2用量的增加,PLA/PWF/nano-SiO_2木塑复合材料的各项力学性能均呈现逐渐上升的趋势,且在nanoSiO_2用量为5%时达到最佳。PWF用量对PLA/PWF/nano-SiO_2木塑复合材料各项力学性能的影响呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且材料性能在PWF用量为15%时达到最佳,此时弯曲强度为101.6 MPa、弯曲模量为4 652 MPa、拉伸强度为92.81 MPa、拉伸模量为3 845 MPa、冲击强度为4.31 kJ/m~2,相对于PLA/PWF木塑复合材料均提高了50%以上。该PLA/PWF/nano-SiO_2木塑复合材料可应用于FDM型3D打印,具有良好的打印性能。 相似文献
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对木塑复合材料的组成及生产加工工艺进行了综述,介绍了木塑复合材料改性的种类和进展。通过添加阻燃抑烟剂、改性木质材料和使用防护涂层对木塑复合材料进行阻燃抑烟改性,显著提高了木塑复合材料的阻燃性能;利用化学改性、物理改性和添加辅助试剂的方法实现木塑复合材料的界面改性和增强改性,增强材料间的界面相容性和机械强度,拓宽了木塑复合材料的应用范围;通过添加抗菌试剂、表面抗菌改性、添加填充剂或基质处理的方法,显著增强了木塑复合材料抗菌、耐老化及耐候性能。最后,概括了木塑复合材料在建筑、家具和汽车等领域的应用。 相似文献
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以PLA、稻壳粉为原材料,分别加入玻璃纤维、乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)、碳酸钙为增韧剂进行增韧改性,以模压成型的方法制备了PLA/稻壳木塑复合材料,结合力学性能、吸水性能、X射线衍射(XRD)分析和对材料表面的显微观察研究了不同种类及含量的增韧剂对木塑复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,在玻璃纤维含量为20%的时候,PLA/稻壳木塑复合材料的增韧效果较好,其洛氏硬度值达68,其拉伸强度达到6.16 MPa,弯曲强度达到15.41 MPa,冲击强度为144.40 kJ/m2,但吸水性能显著提高,约为不添加增韧剂时的1.5倍;在POE含量为20%的时候,PLA/稻壳木塑复合材料吸水性降低效果最为显著,60 h浸泡实验其吸水率比不添加POE小10%。XRD分析及显微分析表明,除CaCO3自身结构影响外,添加不同增韧剂均未使PLA/稻壳复合材料形成新的晶型结构,加入POE和CaCO3的增韧效果不明显,是因为两种物质颗粒孤立存在于基体中,未形成相互搭连的网格结构。 相似文献
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国内外木塑复合材料研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对目前国内外木塑复合材料的木质纤维表面改性、界面相容性改性、助剂和老化性研究进展情况进行了综述,介绍了利用各种废弃物制备木塑复合材料的方法. 相似文献
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聚乙烯基木塑复合材料吸水率的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
将配方中部分至全部的聚乙烯(PE)进行接枝改性,然后与木粉和少量润滑剂混合,用挤出成型法制备了木塑复合材料,研究了改性PE和木粉含量对木塑复合材料吸水率的影响。结果表明,配方中改性PE和未改性PE比例一定时,随着木粉含量降低,木塑复合材料的吸水率降低;在木粉含量较高时保持改性PE和未改性PE总含量不变,则随着改性PE替代未改性PE的量增加,木塑复合材料的吸水率降低,当改性PE完全替代未改性PE时,木塑复合材料的吸水率降至5.5 %;木塑复合材料的吸水率越低,其吸水后强度的变化越小。 相似文献
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A fracture mechanics analysis based on the J‐integral method was adopted to determine the resistance of composites with various concentrations of wood‐flour and ethylene acrylate copolymer (EAC) to crack initiation (Jin) and complete fracture (Jf). The Jin and Jf energies of unmodified poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/wood‐flour composites showed the deleterious effect of incorporating wood fibers into the plastic matrix by significantly decreasing the fracture toughness of PLA as the wood‐flour content increased. The reduced fracture toughness of the matrix induced by adding brittle wood‐flour into PLA was well recovered by impact modification of the composites with EAC. Microscopic morphological studies revealed that the major mechanisms of toughening were through the EAC existing as separate domains in the bulk matrix of the composites which tended to act as stress concentrators that initiated local yielding of the matrix around crack tips and enhanced the toughness of the composites. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Polylactide (PLA)‐based wood–plastic composites (WPCs) were successfully manufactured by extrusion blending followed by injection molding. The effects of polyhydroxyanoates (PHAs) on the mechanical and thermal properties and the morphologies of the PLA‐based WPCs were investigated with mechanical testing, thermal analysis, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The inclusion of PHAs in the PLA‐based WPCs produced an increase in the impact resistance and a decrease in the tensile strength. The brittle–ductile transition of the impact strength for the PLA‐based WPCs toughened with PHAs was confirmed when the wood flour content was between 15 and 35 wt %. SEM images showed that the fracture surfaces of the PLA‐based WPCs toughened with PHAs were rougher than that of their nontoughened counterparts. The ternary PLA‐based WPCs exhibited ductile fracture during mechanical testing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that addition of PHAs into the composites caused deviations of the cold crystallization temperature and melting temperature of PLA. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the PHAs reduced the thermal stability of the PLA‐based WPCs. PHAs can be a green toughening agent for PLA‐based WPCs. The specific properties evidenced by the biocomposites may hint at their potential application, for example, in the automotive industry and civil engineering. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 相似文献
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聚乳酸是目前已开发的生物降解高分子中最具潜力的一种。尽管它具有众多优异的性能,但是,仍存在一些如脆性大、成型稳定性差等缺点。因此,对聚乳酸进行复合改性是目前重要的研究趋势。文章综述了近年来聚乳酸基生物质复合材料的研究进程。以聚乳酸为基体,以麻纤维、木纤维、竹纤维或其它植物纤维为生物质填料,采用热压、挤出等方法生产不同种类的聚乳酸基生物质复合材料,介绍了植物纤维的改性方法,如碱处理、化学改性、微生物改性等,并对这些生物质复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性能、结晶性能、尺寸稳定性能等进行了简要阐述,同时,对聚乳酸基生物质复合材料的应用领域及开发前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were prepared using an innovative combination of wood fiber (WF) and 1,3,2,4‐bis(3,4‐dimethylobenzylideno)sorbitol (DMDBS). DMDBS acted as an effective nucleating agent, which improved the mechanical properties and slowed down the degradation of the WF/PLA composites. The enzymatic degradation of the composites was examined by immersing in proteinase K or cellulase buffer. The presence of DMDBS resulted in a 26.7% increase of the crystallinity compared to the WF/PLA composites. The increase in crystallinity enhanced the thermal stability and tensile strength of the WF/DMDBS/PLA composites by 8.5%. The durability of the WF/DMDBS/PLA composites after nucleated modification was enhanced after enzymolysis. After nucleated modification, the surface of the WF/PLA composites showed clear cracks due to degradation, while these appeared about 2 weeks later in the case of the WF/DMDBS/PLA composites. The results revealed that the introduction of cellulase degraded WF in the composites, which increased hydrolysis or enzymolysis sites. The combination of nucleated modification and enzyme buffer gave an expanded downstream application of WF/PLA composites in packaging and agricultural materials. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献