创建绿色涂装工厂的启示

探讨了创建绿色涂装工厂的意义、应用技术、创建启示以及创建绿色涂装工厂的规划,建设绿色涂装工厂是国家的需要和发展必然,实现建设绿色涂装工厂是企业的社会责任。     

增强创建绿色涂装车间的责任感——再谈提高涂装工艺设计水平

在介绍"绿色涂装"理念和国内外涂装工艺设计水平差距的基础上,讨论了如何提高工艺设计人员(单位)的水平和增强创建绿色涂装车间的责任感。如何"破旧立新",淘汰落后工艺,推广先进适用的绿色涂装工艺技术,实现绿色涂装车间的"10个更少,2个更高,1个更低"。最后,笔者推荐了16项成熟的先进适用的环保节能减排的涂装技术。     

再谈“绿色涂装”——汽车“绿色涂装与涂料”的发展趋势（一）

在介绍国内汽车涂装的环保、节能减排现状及差距和＂绿色涂装＂理念（6个高效、10个更少、2个高效、1个更低）的基础上,按汽车涂装工艺推荐了26项成熟的先进适用的绿色涂装工艺技术。     

再谈“绿色涂装”——汽车“绿色涂装与涂料”的发展趋势（三）

在介绍国内汽车涂装的环保、节能减排现状及差距和＂绿色涂装＂理念（6个高效、10个更少、2个高效、1个更低）的基础上,按汽车涂装工艺推荐了26项成熟的先进适用的绿色涂装工艺技术。     

再谈“绿色涂装”——汽车“绿色涂装与涂料”的发展趋势(二)

在介绍国内汽车涂装的环保、节能减排现状及差距和"绿色涂装"理念(6个高效、10个更少、2个高效、1个更低)的基础上,按汽车涂装工艺推荐了26项成熟的先进适用的绿色涂装工艺技术。     

涂料涂装技术快讯

绿色涂装新工艺在中国重汽开发成功为打造HOWO重卡绿色涂装生产目标,实现涂装工艺节能减排,自2009年年底开始,中国重汽通过对国内外汽车行业涂装工艺进行科学分析,结合自身发展战略,正式启动了HOWO重卡2C1B涂装工艺开发及实施技术创新项目。经过一年多的反复实践,该项目已全     

我国汽车涂装与汽车涂料的现况及发展趋势(三)——创建绿色涂装车间

介绍我国汽车涂装与汽车涂料工业现况,谈了对绿色涂装概念的理解,推荐在进入21世纪以来获得工业应用的、革命性的10大绿色技术创新,并为创建环境友好型、低碳经济型社会建言献策。     

我国汽车涂装与汽车涂料的现况及发展趋势(一)——创建绿色涂装车间

介绍我国汽车涂装与汽车涂料工业现况,谈了对绿色涂装概念的理解,推荐在进入21世纪以来获得工业应用的、革命性的10大绿色技术创新,并为创建环境友好型、低碳经济型社会建言献策。     

我国汽车涂装与汽车涂料的现况及发展趋势(二)——创建绿色涂装车间

介绍我国汽车涂装与汽车涂料工业现况,谈了对绿色涂装概念的理解,推荐在进入21世纪以来获得工业应用的、革命性的10大绿色技术创新,并为创建环境友好型、低碳经济型社会建言献策。     

智能化绿色涂装车间发展方向探讨

结合涂装车间工艺流程图介绍了各工艺段的智能化绿色涂装技术，并从智能制造和绿色环保两个方面阐述了涂装车间发展方向，为智能化绿色涂装车间建设提供新思路。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Model of Cellular Instability of Flames of Ternary Mixtures

A simple phenomenological diffusive-thermal model of cellular instability of premixed flames of ternary mixtures is developed and presented. The model shows that preferential diffusion can alter stoichiometry of the mixture, i.e., the ratio of the fuel and oxidizer concentrations, and also its effective dilution by an inert. Key parameters of the model are estimated using numerical modeling of burning velocities. Laminar burning velocities are calculated for hydrogen-oxygen-nitrogen, methane-oxygen-nitrogen, and propane-oxygen-nitrogen mixtures. Conditions for the appearance of cellular instability in ternary mixtures are determined and compared with experiments. In good agreement with experimental observations, the diffusive-thermal instability is predicted in hydrogen flames with equivalence ratios φ ≲ 1.45, in lean methane flames with φ ≲ 1.02, and in rich propane flames with φ ≳ 1.03. The magnitude of the change in the local flame velocity due to preferential diffusion is evaluated. It is demonstrated that nitrogen diffuses faster than oxygen in hydrogen-air and methane-air flames, while oxygen diffuses faster than nitrogen in flames of propane and other heavier hydrocarbons. In mixtures of air with propane or heavier hydrocarbons, the transition between stable and unstable regimes is predicted in mixtures that are leaner than the mixture corresponding to the peak of the burning velocity curve, in agreement with experimental observations. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 14–22, September–October, 2005.     

Optimization of the process of drying of corn seeds with the use of microwaves

Abstract

The heating and drying of various types of food using microwave improve the economy of time and energy. The physiological quality variation of the seeds submitted to microwave drying is known to some extent. In this context, some authors have reported excellent performance using this technique, on germination rates, after drying. The commercial use of microwave drying in seeds is irrelevant, which motivates more extensive research on the benefits and challenges of this technique that can increase its insertion in the post-harvest handling steps of agricultural products. Corn is a product of high worldwide relevance. Therefore, the use of microwaves in its drying process has excellent potential to arrive at significant savings in its production. Thus, this study is aimed to evaluate the effects on the physiological quality of the seeds submitted to different drying conditions, using the microwave radiation. To that end, corn seeds, with a water content of 20% on wet basis (w.b.), were dried at 40, 50, and 60?°C, at power ratings of 0, 0.6, and 1.2?W/g; in the vacuum condition. Drying occurred continuously, with intermittent power, until the seeds reached the 12% wet basis; in this condition, the seeds could be stored with secure. Germination tests performed shortly after drying showed that the temperature of 40?°C at a power of 0.6?W/g had a reduction in drying time of approximately 5?h when compared to conventional drying (40?°C and 0.0?W/g). The evaluation of the physiological quality of the seeds showed no significant difference in the germination, vigor, and longevity indices of the treated seeds.     

3种肠杆菌科细菌的耐药性变迁

目的研究大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌的耐药性变迁。方法对2007～2009年临床分离的大肠埃希菌(645株)、肺炎克雷伯菌(260株)和阴沟肠杆菌(150株),采用纸片扩散法进行体外药敏测定,并依据美国临床实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,CLSI)规定的标准,分析3种肠杆菌科细菌的耐药性变迁。结果大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率均较高;对头孢他啶的耐药率低于头孢噻肟;与2007年比较,2008年和2009年对头孢吡肟的耐药率明显增长;未发现对亚胺培南耐药菌株的产生。结论细菌耐药性不断增强已成为临床治疗面临的重要难题,应从耐药监测、医院感染控制、合理使用抗生素等多方面努力,减少细菌耐药性的产生。     

浅谈中国石化国际工程总承包的发展

中国石化所属工程公司,多年来积极开拓海外市场,取得了一定的成绩,但从市场占有区域、投标中标率、项目利润等几方面情况看,仍然不能令人满意。笔者重点对工程公司开展海外工程的现状和存在问题进行了较为详细的分析,对如何进行海外项目的筛选、投标报价、合同谈判、傈函管理、索赔等问题进行了详尽的阐述,对我国石化行业工程公司今后的发展方向提出了希望和建设性意见。     

两种煤炭加压气化技术的比较

对国产水煤浆加压气化和荷兰壳牌干煤粉加压气化技术的性能进行了比较;二者在煤种适应状况、气化特性、节约资源、保护环境、操作安全性等各方面都有明显优势,也存在投资、维修费用、从业人员数量等差别;发展煤炭加压气化技术,可以清洁、高效地利用低品质煤。     

Effect of shear rate on the rate of polymerization of styrene

Application of shear was found to have considerable effect on the radical polymerization of styrene initiated by benzoyl peroxide. The initial rate of polymerization decreases by as much as 30% for low shear rates (γ), but on further increasing γ it increases slightly, levelling ultimately at the 10% reduction level. The effect of solvent was shown to have negligible effect, in direct contrast to that observed by Kumar et al.^1–3 for methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile. Experiments confirm that the reduction in the rate of initial polymerization can be attributed largely to the change in initiator efficiency on the application of shear rate. As a further test, the decomposition rate of benzoyl peroxide in nitrobenzene at 80°C was measured and was found to increase significantly on application of shear. This confirms the importance of mass transfer resistance in removal of CO₂. The reduction in the rate of polymerization of styrene can now be explained as follows. In the reaction mass, there are benzoyloxy as well as phenyl radicals and styrene molecules have been shown by Bevington⁴ to react preferentially with the former. The fall in the rate of polymerization of styrene occurs because, on the application of shear, decomposition of benzoyloxy radicals is favoured in the forward direction and its concentration in the reaction mass falls. As a result the initiation of polymer radicals reduces, which in turn gives a lower rate of polymerization.     

142例新生儿溶血病血清学检测结果分析

目的对本地区142名新生儿溶血病患者进行血清学检测,评价直接抗人球蛋白试验、游离抗体试验和抗体释放试验在该病诊断中的价值。方法对2005年1月~2007年6月各医院送检的高胆红素血症新生儿血液标本进行"三项试验"。结果142名新生儿溶血病患者中,血型分布规律为:B>A>AB>O,54.22%为B型,43.66%为A型,二者差异有显著意义。直抗试验阳性率为76.76%,释放试验阳性率为100%,游离试验阳性率为50.70%。释放试验阳性的A型患者中,抗-AB检出率为47.17%,B型患者中的检出率为53.03%,二者差异无显著意义。结论释放试验敏感度最高,是判定新生儿溶血病最有力的证据,在本地区,B型新生儿可能更易患新生儿溶血病。     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。     

Kinetics of Dehydration of Green Alfalfa

Artificial drying is an important step in processing of green crops in order to preserve their freshness and nutrients for longer time at relatively lower costs. Forage crops, tea and tobacco are the major green crops where the commercial drying is a major operation in their processing. Fresh green alfalfa at about 75 to 80% moisture is subjected to drying in different types of dryers.ln the case of alfalfa, the raw material consists of leaves, stems, chops and fine stems, each varying distinctly in their physical and structural characteristics. The moisture content is reduced from initial level to about 10%. The drying air temperatures range from 40 b 800°C; the lower temperatures are used inconveyor dryers whereas high temperatures are used in rotary drum drycn.The results on drying behavior, and changes in physico-chemical propedes during drying for components of green alfalfa over the temperature range of 40 m 800°C are presented in this paper. The optimum temperature for drying from the stand point of color and protein solubility was found to be 175°C.