表面活性剂与环糊精的相互作用及在日化工业中的应用

讨论了与环糊精作用后表面活性剂物理化学性质的变化,并对主客体ｍｏｌ比进行了探讨,对环糊精－表面活性剂体系的理论意义和实际应用进行了细致的总结。     

植根深远的环糊精化学

简要介绍了环糊精化学的产生、发展、性能、应用及结构特征。详细介绍了:(1)新型环糊精包合物的制备及在医药学中的应用;(2)阴、阳离子型环糊精诱导类表面活性剂聚集体研究;(3)环糊精修饰石墨烯对硝基化合物的检测。并对环糊精化学的发展进行了展望。     

离子液体表面活性剂的合成与应用(Ⅺ)——与生物活性分子的相互作用

从3方面综述了离子液体表面活性剂与生物活性分子的相互作用。亲油性的离子液体表面活性剂可与β-环糊精形成1:1,1:2或2:1型包合物,而亲水性的离子液体表面活性剂不能与β-环糊精形成包合物,这些包合物的形成影响了表面活性剂的cmc和在界面的吸附。离子液体表面活性剂能够与牛血清蛋白、β-酪蛋白、溶菌酶等蛋白质相互作用,影响蛋白质的分子构型以及在油/水界面的吸附状态。离子液体表面活性剂与DNA的相互作用主要来源于静电吸引和疏水作用。     

纯有机室温磷光材料的应用

室温磷光材料由于其独特的三线态发光机理而具有Stokes位移大、激发态寿命长等特点。然而传统的室温磷光材料多含重金属原子，随之产生的生物毒性问题和环境污染问题限制了其应用。相比之下，纯有机室温磷光材料生产成本低、毒性小，可通过分子工程对有机结构进行灵活的设计和修饰，使其具有更丰富的发光特性，在防伪加密、有机电致发光、生物成像、传感检测等方面具有良好的应用前景。总结了近年来纯有机室温磷光材料在防伪与信息加密及储存、有机电致发光、生物成像、传感检测及其他应用方面的研究进展，并对纯有机室温磷光材料应用尚待解决的问题与未来可能的发展方向进行了简要总结和展望。     

硫酸介质中各类表面活性剂在锌表面上的吸附及其缓蚀作用

用失重法研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠（ＳＤＳ）,阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基胺（ＡＤＳ）和非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（ＯＰ）在硫酸介质中对锌的缓蚀作用,发现表面活性剂在锌表面上的吸附是产生缓蚀作用的重要原因,且吸附规律服从Ｆｌｏｒｙ－Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ方程．最后讨论了表面活性剂的吸附取向．     

表面张力法测定环糊精与表面活性剂包结常数的几种数值处理方法

表面张力法是研究环精精与表面活性剂相互作用的有力工具,用表面张力--表面活性剂浓度（γ－Ｃ）曲线来计算包结化合物的形成常数是可行的。本介绍了六种用表面张力法计算环糊精－表面活性剂包结化合和形成常数的数值处理方法。     

表面活性剂与聚合物的相互作用

表面活性剂与聚合物共存时，存在相互作用，体系黏度，表面张力等性能将发生变化。表面活性剂与聚合物的相互作用过程具有协同效应或非协同效应，相互作用和表面活性剂电荷、疏水性、胶束形状以及聚合物的结构、线性电荷密度和介质离子强度等因素有关，综述了表面活性剂-聚合物相互作用的研究方法、相互作用机理及表面活性剂-聚合物体系的性质和应用，着重介绍了近年来国内外的研究概况。     

水质稳定剂性能与其表面张力的关系初探

在室温下,用滴重法测定不同浓度的表面活性剂-ATMP、IDPA、Q-IDPA及PAA溶液的表面张力,发现表面活性剂的阻垢、缓蚀、协同效应的性能与其表面张力之间存在着一定的关系。根据表面活性剂的表面张力的大小,能预示表面活性剂在工业水处理方面应用的前景。     

表面活性剂在多孔介质中的润湿与洗油效率

本文依据物理界面层模型讨论了表面活性剂溶液的润湿现象,提出了润湿系数表征表面活性剂在多孔介质孔隙表面的润湿能力,并研究了润湿系数的计算方法。以十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液为例,研究了表面活性剂溶液在多孔介质中的润湿性。在非超低界面张力条件下,实验验证了表面活性剂溶液的界面润湿性改善石油采收率的能力,实验结果表明表面活性剂在多孔介质中的润湿性对洗油效率起着重要作用。     

生物表面活性剂及其在食品中的应用

生物表面活性剂是天然表面活性剂的一个分支,具有与化学合成表面活性剂相区别的理化特性,对生物表面活性剂的发展符合目前发展绿色表面活性剂和生物应用技术的趋势。本文着重论述了生物表面活性剂在食品中的发展和应用．以及现在的实际问题和未来的发展方向。     

Use of β‐cyclodextrin in the dyeing of polyester with low environmental impact

In this paper, the effect of β‐cyclodextrin as an additive in the dyeing of polyester with disperse dyes, as a substitute for a commercial surfactant commonly used, was explored with the aim of reducing the environmental impact of the exhausted baths. Using a chemometric approach, a small group of dyes was selected as a ‘training set’ to be representative of a larger series of dyes with a similar structure. The selected dyes were synthesised and applied to the dyeing of polyester fibres under various conditions. The technological properties of the dyed samples were measured. The results showed that β‐cyclodextrin can satisfactorarily be used as an additive in dyebaths for polyester without the addition of other auxiliaries, with a positive environmental impact. Solubility isotherms evidenced dye–β‐cyclodextrin interactions. The formation of inclusion complexes did not produce negative effects on the dyeing performance. Light fastness values were modelled as a function of the structure by the chemometric partial least squares method and the established model was used to predict the fastness of dyes of analogous structure, not yet explored.     

Complexation of Surfactant/β‐Cyclodextrin to Inhibit Surfactant Adsorption onto Sand,Kaolin, and Shale for Applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes. Part III: Oil Displacement Evaluation

This proof of concept research evaluates the performance of a surfactant/β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) inclusion complex during chemical flooding for enhanced oil recovery. It was hypothesized that the encapsulated surfactant propagates well through the porous media. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to study the surfactant/β‐CD complexations. Phase behavior analysis was carried out to prepare the most favorable chemical slug formulation. A series of core flooding tests were conducted to determine the efficiency of the SDS/β‐CD inclusion complex in displacing residual oil. Surfactant flooding was conducted as tertiary oil recovery mode (after mature water flooding) by injecting 0.3 pore volume (PV) of the optimum surfactant slug that was chased by 0.3 PV of a polymer slug; followed by continuous water flooding until oil production stopped. The experimental results indicate that the encapsulated surfactant propagates well through the sandpack system and consistently produces higher incremental oil recoveries that range from 40 to 82 % over the incremental oil recovery achieved by conventional surfactant flooding.     

Preparation and Performance of a Novel Water‐Soluble Cationic Polymer Containing β‐Cyclodextrin

Allyl‐β‐cyclodextrin is utilized to react with dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide to synthesize a novel water‐soluble cationic polymer by redox free‐radical polymerization. The optimum polymerization conditions are determined by the single‐variable method, while the structure is characterized by Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy. In rheological experiments the polymer demonstrates superior properties compared to polyacrylamide. Interfacial tension and adsorption experiments prove the excellent performance of the polymer which can effectively decrease the interfacial tension and reduce the surfactant loss caused by stratum absorption in the process of polymer/surfactant flooding, thus indicating the potential application of the polymer for enhancing oil recovery.     

环糊精在透湿型聚氨酯合成革中的应用

以环糊精作为透湿改性剂,以甲苯作为致孔剂,并添加少量的非离子表面活性剂OP-10,采用干法复合贴面工艺成型聚氨酯合成革。分别考察了3种化合物对聚氨酯合成革的透湿性能的影响。结果表明:环糊精能有效地提高了聚氨酯合成革透湿性;随着甲苯含量提高,合成革的透湿性能线性提高;OP-10能进一步提高合成革的透湿性能。原因是环糊精分子具有独特的杯状结构,杯底为疏水性,能够包容部分甲苯溶剂,在干法复合过程中,甲苯挥发造成合成革中留下环糊精的空穴,从而提高了合成革的透湿性能。     

Complexation of Surfactant/β‐Cyclodextrin to Inhibit Surfactant Adsorption onto Sand,Kaolin, and Shale for Applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes. Part I: Static Adsorption Analysis

Surfactant adsorption onto solid surfaces is a major issue during surfactant flooding in enhanced oil recovery applications; it decreases the effectiveness of the chemical injection making the process uneconomical. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the adsorption of surfactant onto solid surfaces could be inhibited using a surfactant delivery system based on the complexation between the hydrophobic tail of anionic surfactants and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to confirm the complexation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/β‐CD. Surface tension analysis was used to establish the stoichiometry of the complexation and the binding constant (K_a). Static adsorption testing was applied to determine the adsorption of surfactant onto different solids (sandstone, shale, and kaolinite). The release of the surfactant from the β‐CD cavity was qualitatively evaluated through bottle testing. The formation of the inclusion complex SDS/β‐CD with a 1:1 stoichiometry was confirmed. The K_a of the complexations increases as salinity and hardness concentration increases. The encapsulation of the surfactant into the β‐CD cavity decreases the adsorption of surfactant onto solid surfaces up to 79 %. Qualitative observations indicate that in the presence of solid adsorbents partially saturated with crude oil, the β‐CD cavity releases surfactant molecules, which migrate towards the oil–water interface.     

Complexation of Surfactant/β‐Cyclodextrin to Inhibit Surfactant Adsorption onto Sand,Kaolin, and Shale for Applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes. Part II: Dynamic Adsorption Analysis

Surfactant adsorption onto solid surfaces is problematic in some industrial processes, such as in surfactant flooding for enhanced oil recovery. In this work, it was hypothesized that the use of a surfactant delivery system could prevent surfactant adsorption onto solid surfaces. Therefore, the encapsulation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) into the hydrophobic core of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) to generate a surfactant delivery system (SDS/β‐CD) was evaluated in this work. This complexation was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Dynamic adsorption evaluation was applied to determine the effectiveness of the complexation in inhibiting surfactant adsorption onto a variety of solid adsorbents including sand, and mixtures of sand–kaolin and sand–shale. Surfactant adsorption was also evaluated applying the quartz crystal microbalance technology (QCM‐D). The formation and morphology of the complexation was confirmed by optical microscopy, SEM, and FT‐IR. Dynamic adsorption tests demonstrated the effectiveness of the surfactant delivery approach in preventing the adsorption of surfactant (up to 74 % adsorption reduction). The QCM‐D technology confirmed these observations. Several mechanisms were proposed to explain the inhibition of surfactant adsorption including steric hindrance, self‐association of inclusion complexes, hydrophilicity increase, and disruption of hemimicelles formation.     

Polymerization in magnetic field: XVIII. Influence of surfactant nature on the synthesis and thermal properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly[(methyl methacrylate)‐co‐(epoxypropyl methacrylate)]

BACKGROUND: The possibility to use β‐cyclodextrin as biodegradable tensioactive and an electromagnetic field in order to improve the kinetic parameters of radical emulsion polymerization is of interest. Thus, the influence of different surfactants—sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and β‐cyclodextrin (CD)—on the pathway of emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and emulsion copolymerization of MMA with 2,3‐epoxypropyl methacrylate (GMA) performed with or without the presence of a continuous electromagnetic field (MF) was studied. RESULTS: The presence of the MF leads to a considerable increase of the conversion during the first part of the reaction if the classic surfactant (SLS) is used. The reactions performed without MF and with CD exhibit a decrease of the conversion and of the polymerization rate as compared with the variants using SLS. The swelling rate and the maximum degree of swelling vary with the surfactant nature and with the reaction conditions and MF presence. Data from thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry evidence the dependences between the polymer characteristics and the preparation conditions. CONCLUSION: This research underlines the coupling possibilities of the influence of a MF—growth of the reaction rate and conversion explained through radical pairs mechanism—with a combination of the ‘cage’ effect and ‘conformational control’ afforded by CD. The presence of MF and CD during the syntheses leads to an increase of T_g and an increase of PMMA and P(MMA‐co‐GMA) thermal stability. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation and application of a series of novel anionic acrylamide polymers with cyclodextrin sides

In this article, the synthesis and characterization of a new class of macromolecule water‐soluble polymers with cyclodextrin sides were presented, which possess molecular recognition function. The polymer composed with three functional monomers was investigated through an infrared spectrometry and a scanning electron microscope. Then, the rheological properties and the interaction with surfactant of this series of polymer samples were evaluated and compared with polyacrylamide to prove that they have superior rheology performance. Also, through the adsorption experiment it can be seen that the polymer has excellent performance in polymer flooding, and it can effectively reduce over 20% of the surfactant loss caused by stratum absorption in the process of polymer/surfactant flooding. These have laid a theoretical foundation for its application to enhance oil recovery. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Electrochemical synthesis of lamellar structured ZnO films via electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating

Interest in creating tunable, ordered mesoporous materials based on surfactant supramolecular templating has been increasing over the last decade. For the production of film-type mesoporous materials, the most common method currently used is sol-gel based dip-coating method, which utilizes evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) of surfactants. A more recently developed method, electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating, exploits the interfacial surfactant assembly formed on the working electrode to electrodeposit inorganic mesoporous films. This method offers mechanisms for inorganic wall construction and amphiphilic assemblies that are quite different from those of the sol-gel dip-coating method. As a result, it offers new possibilities to produce mesoporous films that cannot be produced by other means. This paper reviews the recent advances in producing and tuning lamellar structured mesoporous zinc oxide films via electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating. The general principles of this method will be explained in comparison with other methods used for producing mesoporous films. This will be followed by discussions of the key synthesis conditions that govern the repeat unit, quality, and orientation of lamellar structures constructed during electrodeposition. This review will provide a useful foundation to further develop electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating as a versatile method to produce a broader range of mesoporous films.