异型六边形斜管沉淀器在工业废水中的应用

斜板(管)沉淀装置是工业废水处理技术中的基本操作单元,在国内外获得广泛应用,但近年来六边形蜂窝斜管除材质外,管型及工艺性能几乎没有变化,长期处于停滞状态.试验表明一种新型异型六边形斜管具有沉淀面积和沉淀效率大于六边形蜂窝斜管的特性.     

水处理专利

专利名称:全水力自控高浊度一体化净水器申请号:200520032752摘要:一种全水力自控高浊度一体化净水器,在外筒体的中心有旋流反应室,其下方有进水管,中央有排泥中心筒,在外侧有无清水箱无阀滤池,两者之间有泥斗,底部有排泥虹吸系统和泥斗放空管,泥斗上部有澄清出水管和泥斗人孔,在旋流反应室的上方有阻流板、斜管托架、斜管和斜管压架,斜管上方有集水槽支架和集水槽,在各格滤池内装有滤料托架、滤料承托层、双层或均质滤料,其顶部有反洗虹吸系统,本实用新型将旋流反应、悬浮澄清、斜管沉淀和无清水箱无阀滤池四个工序的四项设备巧妙而有机地…     

硫酸污水处理工程中聚氯乙烯斜管沉降器的设计和使用情况介绍

斜管沉降器是近年来在供水工业中开始采用的一种高效处理设备,它利用了层流原理。加设斜管可使沉淀面积成倍增长;可使水力条件改善,降低雷诺数,提高水流的稳定性,使颗粒与水容易分离;可使颗粒沉淀距离缩短,沉淀时间大大减少,因此,沉淀效率及处理能力可以有较大的提高。     

异向流斜管沉淀池的设计和探讨

沉淀,是废水处理中重要的单元过程之一,近年来随着浅池沉淀理论的不断发展,斜管式沉淀池开始受到了人们的重视,这是由于它比平流式沉淀池效率提高近十倍。斜管沉淀,是应用“浅层沉淀”的原理而发展起来的新技术,它的净水机理可通过水中污泥颗粒在斜管中沉淀过程中的分析予以说明。     

斜管沉降器的故障分析及改造

斜管沉降器是利用浅池沉淀原理设计的一种液-固分离设备.斜管沉降器由配水槽、集水槽、聚丙烯斜管、支撑栅板、顶盖和壳体等几部分组成。斜管沉降器沉降截面的中心以无顶板及底板的方箱横贯将其分隔为3部分：稀酸由顶盖的中心点进入配水槽后均匀、缓慢地顺着中排区域的聚丙烯斜管向下流动,而后从2个边排部位的聚丙烯斜管上升至集水槽,澄清后的清液由集水槽排出斜管沉降器,粉尘沉淀后由收泥斗收集从排泥管排出斜管沉降器外.     

高效沉淀玻璃钢蜂窝斜管

本文介绍了高效沉淀玻璃钢蜂窝斜管的研制,比普通的正六边形蜂窝斜管沉淀效率高出30％以上,有较高的经济效益,文中也讨论了一些最优设计问题。     

"迷宫"沉淀池与斜管沉淀池应用比较

根据“迷宫”沉淀池应用中出现的问题 ,提出解决办法 ,同时针对斜管沉淀池进行比较分析 ,“迷宫”池沉淀效率高于斜管沉淀池的效率。并且从各种角度更深入地研究“迷宫”沉淀池和斜管沉淀池     

超细玻璃棉隔板（AGM）比表面积计算公式推导

１前言ＡＧＭ的比表面积（ＢＥＴＳｕｒｆａｃｅＡｒｅａ）指组成单位克重ＡＧＭ隔板的纤维总共的表面积，单位：ｍ２／ｇ，它是一项反映隔板综合性能的指标，逐渐被重视，被应用。直接表示单位克重隔板在酸液中与酸离子相接触的面积大小，较隔板用纤维粗细大小表示隔板组...     

基于主成分与层次分析法的焦煤质量综合评价研究

针对焦煤性能评价指标的不足，提出了一种基于主成分分析与层次分析耦合的焦煤单项性能与综合性能的评价方法。该方法综合考虑了焦煤的工艺性能指标与化学成分指标，研究了体现焦煤性能差异的关键特性指标与焦煤不同指标的相关性关系。主成分分析结果可知：14项工艺性能指标可提取热态性能、结焦性能、黏结性能3个主成分指标，并得出24种焦煤这3种性能的分值；层次分析结果可知：该方法可对焦煤的热态性能、结焦性能、黏结性能、硫分性能、灰分性能5个单项性能指标进行科学权重赋值，并得出客观、量化的综合性能分值。     

微量元素参与下的Alite水化特性研究

针对Ａ、Ｃ两种尾矿，初步研究了微量元素对熟料矿物早期水化性能的影响。发现微量元素的参与抑制了Ａｌｉｔｅ的早期水化，认为这种抑制是尾矿中的某些离子与水化产物Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２形成无定形氢氧化物沉淀的结果，进而提出了Ａｌｉｔｅ早期水化机理模型。     

离心母液水中PVC颗粒回收新技术

介绍了斜板式快沉槽和气动连续式砂滤器的结构与工作原理。阐述了新疆天业（集团）天辰化工有限公司在第1期40万t／aPVC项目采用斜板式快沉槽与气动连续式砂滤器相结合处理、回收离心母液水中PVC颗粒的技术,可回收PVC树脂400t／a,回收效率达95％以上。     

高效澄清池在黄浦江原水中的应用试验

高效澄清池作为一种新型的处理工艺 ,将混凝与斜板沉淀、污泥回流、排泥浓缩等多种技术相结合 ,建立了一种新型的混凝沉淀模式。文章介绍了该澄清池处理黄浦江上游原水的中间性试验 ,通过比较分析阐述了其运行特点     

GRAVITATIONAL SETTLING OF SUSPENDED PARTICLES FROM A FULLY DEVELOPED FLOW IN A CURVED TUBE

The gravitational settling of monodisperse particles from fully developed laminar flow in a horizontal curved tube is considered. The particle size is small compared with the tube radius, and their concentration is small so that they do not interact with each other or affect the flow. It was found that for sufficiently heavy particles, or for tubes with very small curvature, or for very small flow Reynolds numbers, the settling to the tube surface versus axial distance is much the same as that for a straight tube. However, for the opposite size of these parameters, the settling behavior becomes much different than that of a straight tube. Particles are maintained in the flow in helical spiral motions and do not settle to the tube surface.     

硝酸磷肥装置酸不溶物分离系统改造

介绍了硝酸磷肥装置酸不溶物分离系统存在的问题,通过对3种酸不溶物分离方法的对比,选择了重力沉降一洗涤法改造方案。介绍了沉降槽的设计条件,计算了酸不溶物的沉降速度和沉降面积,总结了改造效果。结果表明,改造后酸解液中酸不溶物质量分数从3．57％下降到2．77％,分离率为23％。     

不同热解温度下禾本科植物生物炭理化特性分析

以禾本科植物王草、水稻秸秆、甘蔗渣和玉米秸秆为原料,在厌氧条件下于300、500和700℃制备王草炭（I）、水稻秸秆炭（R）、甘蔗渣炭（S）和玉米秸秆炭（M）,研究了不同热解温度对生物炭结构及组成的影响。研究结果表明：随着热解温度升高,4种生物炭产率下降,300℃时I、R、S和M的产率分别为45.81%、48.67%、46.81%和46.00%,而700℃时产率则分别为33.93%、35.47%、25.42%和31.23%;灰分和碳含量升高,700℃时I、R、S和M的灰分较300℃分别提高了54.39%、65.44%、95.54%和71.65%;I、S和M的C/N比随温度升高而升高,R与之相反。4种生物炭pH值随温度升高而升高,700℃时I、R、S和M的pH值分别为7.68、9.87、7.59和9.33,均呈碱性;I和S孔隙结构丰富,随温度升高,孔隙数量增加,而R和M均在700℃形成了一定量的絮状结构;X射线能谱（EDS）分析结果表明R中Si元素含量较高。随温度升高,4种生物炭中烷烃基、甲基（—CH₃）和亚甲基（—CH₂）逐渐消失,生物炭结构以芳香族化合物和含氧官能团为主,结构更稳定。     

基于灰色局势决策分析的卷烟质量综合评价

运用灰色系统理论中的灰色局势决策原理,以市场上销售的部分卷烟为试验材料,对卷烟质量进行了综合评价。结果表明：在注重性状权重的情况下,参试卷烟质量的综合评价顺序的优劣次序为：P,Q,G,D,I,T,S,C,A,E,B,F,J,M,L,N,O,H,R,K。这个分析结果与卷烟在市场上定位的情况基本一致。     

用数值方法探讨异形翅片管强化冷凝传热的机理

本文首次提出用数值方法从微观上研究异形翅片管强化冷凝传热的机理.揭示了:对于不同级构参数的异形翅片管、不同工质、在不同的热流率下、在管的不同周向位置上,表而张力作用和粗糙度促进对流传热作用的效果不同.总而言之,在中等热流率下,R管以二维表面张力作用为主,对于ST管,两者作用相当.     

Low-Reynolds-number motion of a heavy sphere between two parallel plane walls

A novel boundary-integral algorithm [Staben, M.E., Zinchenko, A.Z., Davis, R.H., 2003. Motion of a particle between two parallel plane walls in low-Reynolds-number Poiseuille flow. Physics of Fluids 15, 1711-1733; Erratum: Phys. Fluids 16, 4206] is used to obtain O(1)-nonsingular terms that are combined with two-wall lubrication asymptotic terms to give resistance coefficients for near-contact or contact motion of a heavy sphere translating and rotating between two parallel plane walls in a Poiseuille flow. These resistance coefficients are used to describe the sphere's motion for two cases: a heavy sphere driven by a Poiseuille flow in a horizontal channel and a heavy sphere settling due to gravity through a quiescent fluid in an inclined channel. When the heavy sphere contacts a wall in either system, which occurs when the gap between the sphere and the wall becomes equal to the surface roughness of the sphere (or plane), a contact-force model using the two-wall resistance coefficients is employed. For a heavy sphere in a Poiseuille flow, experiments were performed using polystyrene particles with diameters 10%-60% of the channel depth, driven through a glass microchannel using a syringe pump. The measured translational velocities for these particles show good agreement with theoretical results. The predicted translational velocity increases for increasing particle diameter, as the spheres extend further into the Poiseuille flow, except for particles that are so large (diameters of 80%-85% of the channel depth) that the upper wall has a dominant influence on the particle velocity. For a heavy sphere settling in a quiescent fluid in an inclined channel, the transition from the no-slip regime to slipping motion occurs for a larger inclination angle of the channel with respect to the horizontal for an increase in particle diameter, since the larger particles are more slowed by the second wall. Limited experiments were performed for Teflon spheres with diameters 64%-95% of the channel depth settling in a very viscous fluid along the lower wall of an inclined acrylic channel. The measured translational velocities, which are only about 15%-25% of the tangential component of the undisturbed Stokes settling velocity, are in close agreement with theory using physical parameters obtained from similar experiments with a single wall [Galvin, K.P., Zhao, Y., Davis, R.H., 2001. Time-averaged hydrodynamic roughness of a noncolloidal sphere in low Reynolds number motion down an inclined plane. Physics of Fluids 13, 3108-3119].     

Centrifugal Settling of Polydisperse Suspensions with a Continuous Particle Size Distribution: A Generalized Kinetic Description

The settling of a polydisperse suspension with a continuous particle size distribution (PSD) can be modeled by an equation of the generalized kinetic theory, which represents the limit case of a system of conservation laws for a finite number of size classes. A previous model of gravity settling of such a mixture is extended to settling in a rotating tube or basket centrifuge. A numerical scheme to approximate solutions of the generalized kinetic equation is defined and simulations are presented, illustrating the formation of sediment and the effect of various centrifuge geometries. In particular, the model predicts the radial variation of the composition of the sediment forming at the outer wall.     

Mutational Consequences on Replication of M13 Constructs Containing Isomeric Diol Epoxide Adducts in E. coli

Eight isomeric dGuo and eight dAdo adducts resulting from cis and trans opening of each of the four optically active diol epoxides (DEs) derived from benzo[ a ]pyrene (B a P) and benzo[ c ]phenanthrene (B c Ph) were placed in each of two 16-mer DNA sequences to give 32 modified oligonucleotides, which were ligated into M13mp7L2 and allowed to replicate in SOS-induced Escherichia coli . The effects of parent hydrocarbon, adduct stereochemistry, and sequence context on mutagenic response are highly interdependent. B a P DE adducts are generally more mutagenic than the corresponding B c Ph adducts. The mutational frequency is generally larger for cis - relative to trans -opened DE adducts of both dGuo and dAdo. In a ～TA*G～ context, B c Ph DE dAdo adducts (A*) with R configuration at the site of attachment to the adenine base produced very few substitution mutations when compared with adducts having S configuration. This configurational effect is not observed for B a P DE dAdo adducts, nor for B a P or B c Ph dGuo adducts.