两亲聚氨酯弹性体(APU)的研究* Ⅱ.IPN型APU制备及力学性能

以聚酯型聚氨酯为疏水组分,光固化聚乙地二醇水亲组分,通过溶液聚合制备了具有互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）结构的ＡＰＵ。研究了亲疏水组分比例,光固化条件等因素对ＩＰＮ型ＡＰＵ力学性能的影响,试验结果表明,当ＡＰＵ中光敏剂质量分数为０．０１０。光照前停放２０ｈ,光照时间为６ｍｉｎ时,ＩＰＮ型ＡＰＵ的力学性能最佳。     

两亲聚氨酯弹性体(APU)的研究Ⅰ.嵌段型APU制备及力学性能

以聚己二酸乙二酯为疏水组分,聚乙二醇为亲水组分,通过溶液聚合制备了具有嵌段结构的两亲聚氨酯弹性体（ＡＰＵ）。研究了亲疏水组分比例、软硬段比例、合成条件等因素对嵌段型ＡＰＵ力学性能的影响。结果表明,亲水组分的质量分数和相对分子质量增大,都将导致ＡＰＵ力学性能下降;当预聚物用量比［ＮＣＯ］／［ＯＨ］为３３,固化时总官能团比例［ＮＣＯ］／（［ＯＨ］＋［ＮＨ２］）为１５时,嵌段型ＡＰＵ的综合力学性能最好。     

两亲聚氨酯弹性体(APU)的研究* Ⅱ.IPN型APU制备及力学性能

以聚酯型聚氨酯为疏水组分,光固化聚乙二醇为亲水组分,通过溶液聚合制备了具有互穿聚合物网络(IPN)结构的APU。研究了亲疏水组分比例、光固化条件等因素对IPN型APU力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,当APU中光敏剂质量分数为0.010,光照前停放20 h,光照时间为6 min时,IPN型APU的力学性能最佳。     

聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物交联密度及？…

用同步法合成了聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物（ＰＣＰＵ／ＥＰＩＰＮ）。红外光谱分析表明两组分间存在一定程度的化学结合。动态力学性能分析表明：由于两网络间的互穿、缠结以及接枝反应的发生,使体系中ＰＣＰＵ和ＥＰ的相容性得到改善。用溶胀法测定了ＩＰＮ体系的交联密度,结果发现形成ＩＰＮ后体系的交联密度相应比纯组分有所提高。力学性能测试表明：在ｍ（ＰＣＰＵ）／ｍ（ＥＰ）＝２５／７５处ＩＰＮ体系的力     

两亲聚氨酯弹性体(APU)的研究* Ⅰ.嵌段型APU制备及力学性能

以聚己二酸乙二酸为疏水组分,聚乙二醇为亲水组分,通过溶液聚合制备了具有嵌段结构的两亲聚氨酯弹性体。研究了亲疏水组分比例、软硬段比例、合成条件等因素对型ＡＰＵ力学性能的影响。     

聚氨酯／呋喃树脂互穿聚合物网络性能的研究

用糠醇型呋喃树脂或ＨＦ９２００Ａ环氧型呋喃树脂与聚环氧丙烷醚型聚氨酯制备了互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）。通过红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜分析了聚氨酯（ＰＵ）／呋喃树脂（ＦＡ）ＩＰＮ网络形成的动力学和微相分离行为，并考察了不同配比下ＩＰＮ的力学性能。实验结果表明，ＰＵ／ＦＡ达到某一比值时，产生互穿聚合物网络的协同效应，可改善聚氨酯的刚性，提高呋喃树脂的抗冲击等性能     

聚氨酯／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯／废胶粉共轭三组分互穿聚合物网络的研究

利用共轭三组分ＩＰＮ和界面共轭互穿新概念，制备了聚氨酯（ＰＵ）／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＰＭＭＡ）／废胶粉（ＳＲＰ）共轭三组分ＩＰＮ。其性能明显优于ＰＵ／ＳＲＰ体系。还通过ＴＥＭ，ＳＥＭ，ＤＳＣ，ＰＡＬ等手段对三组分体系进行了结构形态分析，发现作为公共网络的ＰＭＭＡ对性能改进具有重要的作用。     

聚氨酯／聚丙烯酸酯类胶乳互穿聚合物网络的研制

采用两步法合成了聚氨酯（ＰＵ）聚丙烯酸酯（ＰＡＡ）胶乳互穿聚合物网络（ＬＩＰＮ）。试验结果表明ＰＵ／ＰＡＡ ＬＩＰＮ具有核壳结构。     

聚酯型聚氨酯／聚苯乙烯／胶粉共轭三组分互穿聚合物网络的研究

利用互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）和半凝胶法技术,合成了聚氨酯／聚苯乙烯／胶粉共轭三组分ＩＰＮ,并通过ＤＳＣ和ＴＥＭ等方法对该体系的结构与性能进行了初步研究。结果表明：当ＮＣＯ／ＯＨ当量比为２．８、ＰＵ／ＰＳ质量比为６０／４０时,该共轭三组分ＩＰＮ体系力学性能最佳。ＤＳＣ和ＴＥＭ则证明在该体系中,作为公共网络的ＰＳ有助于ＰＵ与ＳＲＰ的界面结合。     

PU／EP／PBA三元IPN弹性体的力学性能

测试了一系列以ＰＵ为第一网络的ＰＵ／ＥＰ／ＰＢＡ三元ＩＰＮ的力学性能,并详尽考究考察了其影响因素。通过研究,得到一类具有良好综合的弹性体,其拉伸强度和扯断伸长率可同时达到最佳值。研究表明,发迹合成条件,可达到控制调节材料性能的目的。第一网络的性质和组分间的相容性,是决定体系最终性能的两个重要方面。     

GAP型PU/PMMA聚合物互穿网络的力学性能研究

利用互穿聚合物网络技术 (IPN)对GAP粘合剂进行了力学性能改性 ,研究了组分比、引发剂用量、催化剂用量、固化参数、交联剂用量对以GAP为基体材料的PU/PMMA型IPN力学性能的影响 ;同时用动态力学谱 (DMA)分析了不同组分比下IPN的相容性     

双酚F环氧/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯互穿网络的研究

合成了双酚F环氧树脂(BPFER),测定了其环氧值。用同步法制备了不同配比的双酚F环氧树脂/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯互穿聚合物网络(BPFER/PMMAIPN),讨论了配比对IPN的力学性能和热性能的影响。用透射电子显微镜对IPN进行了形态分析。     

混合大二醇基聚氨酯弹性体/环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物的研究

以α,ω-双(γ-羟丙基)聚二甲基硅氧烷(BHPDMS)和聚氧四甲基二醇(PHMO)混合大二醇作为软链段,首先通过两步溶液聚合法合成了-NCO封端的混合大二醇基聚氨酯(PU)弹性体预聚物(PUT);然后以PUT和环氧树脂(EP)预聚物为原料、1,3-双(γ-氨丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷(BATS)为交联剂,采用同步溶液聚合法合成了PUT/EP互穿聚合物网络(PUT/EP I PN)。使用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-I R)法、动力学分析(DMA)法和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)法,对PUT和PUT/EP I PN进行分析和表征,并对其力学性能和表面疏水性进行测试。实验结果表明,PUT/EP I PN中不存在宏观相分离状态,仅发生微观相分离状态;当PUT/EP I PN中w(PUT)=50%时,PUT/EP I PN具有优异的综合力学性能和表面疏水性。     

Synthesis,characterization, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of interpenetrating polymer network–super‐porous hydrogel containing sodium alginate

In this investigation an interpenetrating polymer network–superporous hydrogel containing sodium alginate (IPN‐SPH_Alg) was synthesized. The morphology of the polymer was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, light images and porosity, and the polymer was further examined by swelling ratio, mechanical strength and biocompatibility. The results indicated that the IPN‐SPH_Alg possessed both large numbers of interconnected pores and an interpenetrating network. The swelling ratio of IPN‐SPH_Alg was lower than that of the superporous hydrogel (SPH) and it decreased as the sodium alginate/monomer ratio increased. The IPN‐SPH_Alg exhibited pH responsiveness and salt‐sensitive properties. Compared to SPH and SPH composites, the mechanical strength of IPN‐SPH_Alg was significantly enhanced. Thiazolyl blue assay on AD293 cells, in situ lactate dehydrogenase assay and morphological study of rat intestine showed that the polymer induced no significant cell or mucosal damage. The fast swelling, good mechanical properties, pH sensitivity and biocompatibility of the IPN‐SPH_Alg suggested it as a potential candidate in the field of drug‐delivery systems. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺在固体推进剂粘合体系中的应用

用互穿聚合物网络技术(IPN),将双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)用于PU粘合剂的改性,考察了固化参数、组分比、引发剂用量对PDAAM/PU互穿网络体系力学性能及微观形态的影响。结果表明,PDAAM质量分数为40%,固化参数为1.4,引发剂过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)的质量分数在0.8%~1%时,拉伸强度最高可达1.028 MPa,比相同条件下制备的纯PU的拉伸强度(0.238 MPa)提高了332%;断裂伸长率达到327.35%,比相同条件下制备的纯PU的断裂伸长率(49.02%)提高了568%。组成比、固化催化剂、引发剂用量对PDAAM/PU IPN的微观形态也有影响。PDAAM质量分数较大时,两相界面模糊,互穿较好。三苯基铋(TPB)作为固化催化剂或塑料相的引发剂浓度较低,两相反应速度相近时,相畴较小。     

马来酸双酯聚合物的合成表征及其复鞣加脂作用研究

以十二醇马来酸单酯、十二醇正丁醇马来酸双酯为亲油单体、甲基丙烯酸为亲水单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用活泼单体滴加的方式制备了马来酸双酯聚合物复鞣加脂剂。通过FTIR对聚合物的结构进行了表征。通过正交实验考察了单体摩尔比、引发剂用量等因素对产物性能的影响。结果表明,n(十二醇马来酸单酯)∶n(十二醇正丁醇马来酸双酯)=3∶2,n(亲水单体)∶n(亲油单体)=2.5∶1,过硫酸铵占单体总质量的7%,聚合温度80℃,甲基丙烯酸滴加时间1.5~2.0 h的条件下,所得产品具有较好的加脂性能和防水性能,产品质量分数为1%的水乳液在400 nm处,25℃乳液透光率为30.1%,处理的山羊兰湿革(削匀厚度0.5 mm)的动态透水次数为642。     

Mechanical performance of vinyl ester—polyurethane interpenetrating polymer network composites

In this study, a carbon fiber/vinyl ester-polyurethane interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) laminate composite was fabricated and characterized for the first time. The IPN matrix, consisting of a commercially available vinyl ester and polyurethane, was synthesized via a sequential method with vinyl ester as the rigid phase and polyurethane as the flexible phase. Good compatibility between the two phases in the matrix was achieved and confirmed via differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The thermomechanical response of the IPN matrix was compared with that of an unmodified vinyl ester resin. The presence of the more ductile polyurethane in the IPN matrix depressed the glass transition temperature (from 94 to 84°C), but also served to improve damping response at all frequencies studied. Tensile and flexural tests were performed on the carbon fiber/IPN and carbon fiber/vinyl ester composites to determine their mechanical response. The IPN composite exhibited lower tensile properties than the vinyl ester composite. However, its flexural properties were on par with those of the vinyl ester composite.     

漆酚甲醛缩聚物/醇酸树脂IPN的研究

本文制备了漆酚缩甲醛聚合物 (UF)与醇酸树脂 (AR)组成的同步互穿网络共混物 ,并对共混物涂膜的物理机械性能 ,抗溶剂性能和动态力学性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,IPN共混可以改善UF的柔韧性、抗紫外线性能等 ,并且能提高漆液的固体含量     

Fabrication of interpenetrating polymer network to enhance the biological activity of synthetic hydrogels

A three dimensional porous hydrogel with suitable biological and mechanical properties are required for bone tissue engineering. Hydrogels of poly(lactic-ethylene oxide fumarate) (PLEOF), crosslinked with poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEG-da) have desirable mechanical properties, however, their application for bone regeneration is limited due to the lack of cell motif sites within their structure. The aim of this study was to incorporate a naturally derived polymer such as gelatin into PLEOF hydrogels to promote their biological properties. Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) was used as an efficient technique to acquire uniform mixture of these two polymers. Additionally gas foaming agents were used to create pores with average diameter of 250 μm in these IPN hydrogels. The concentrations of PEG-da and gelatin were optimized to tune the mechanical strength and degradation properties of these hydrogels. A compression modulus of 500 kPa was achieved for hydrogel fabricated with 400 mg/ml PLEOF, 200 mg/ml PEG-da and 150 mg/ml gelatin. The addition of gelatin to PLEOF elevated the compression modulus by two-fold and decreased the energy loss by 40%. The result of protein analysis demonstrated that IPN substantially enhanced the retention of physically crosslinked gelatin in the 3D structure of hydrogel. More than 50% of gelatin was retained in IPN hydrogel after two weeks of incubation in simulated physiological environment. Preserving gelatin in the hydrogel structure provides cell motif sites for a longer period of time, which is desirable for uniform cell proliferation. In vitro studies showed that primary human osteoblast cells adhered and proliferated in PLEOF-gelatin hydrogel. These results demonstrated the potential of using this IPN hydrogel for bone tissue engineering.     

互穿网络法增韧环氧树脂胶粘剂的研究

采用聚合物互穿网络法(1PN)研究了高性能环氧树脂胶粘剂的合成过程,互穿网络中作为增韧改性剂的第二组分为丙烯酸丁酯。实验结果表明:改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的剪切强度可达43．5MPa,增幅为22．7%。湿热老化试验结果表明:环氧树脂/丙烯酸丁酯IPN体系的抗湿热老化性能较好,胶粘剂的力学强度没有很大变化。