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硼同位素中10B因其对热中子吸收截面很大,在核电、军事装备、现代工业、及医药等方面应用广泛。硼同位素的分离方法有很多种,本文主要介绍了激光法分离硼同位素的理论原理及国内外研究进展。激光法是通过吸收光谱中的同位素位移进行同位素分离。在目前的研究方法中,主要采用强激光选择性激发含硼目标分子,通过激光辅助缩聚延迟法进行多模块化分离硼同位素有望实现工业化。 相似文献
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采用化学交换法分离硼同位素,通过在三氟化硼—苯甲醚体系中进行了硼同位素分离生产性试验,使得硼-10同位素在液相富集,硼-11同位素在气相中富集,达到了硼同位素分离与生产目的.经过生产性试验表明:在三氟化硼—苯甲醚体系中通过级联装置可以实现硼同位素的分离,且操作稳定、连续、可靠,可用于工业化生产.硼同位素分离试生产获得了交换塔和络合塔正常运行参数;实现了在分解塔内将络合物成功分解的工艺技术;解决了物料精馏净化技术问题;验证了在交换塔内采用聚四氟乙烯丝网填料富集硼同位素可行性,试验了操作压力、流量等工艺参数对硼-10同位素富集的影响,研究了填料的性能,为实现工业化的投建打下了坚实的基础. 相似文献
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为实现SMB色谱分离硼-10的工业化,进行氯型硼特效树脂排代色谱法富集硼-10的SMB放大实验研究。放大研究中色谱柱的内径由原来的1.0 cm放大到8.5 cm,树脂也由原先的均匀小颗粒(平均为230μm)改为商用粒度范围颗粒(平均为780μm)。SMB放大色谱分离系统连续运行了约60 d(129次端口切换),取得富集度31.11%~40.31%的硼-10酸固体68 g。根据Fujii理论公式,对SMB放大分离系统中不同端口切换次数时的富集因子ε和理论踏板高度HETP进行计算,结果发现ε和HETP在整个实验过程中均保持常量,其值分别为ε=0.009 2±0.000 7,HETP=0.83±0.10 cm。与前期小型SMB分离系统的实验结果相比,ε变小,HETP变大,分离效果变差明显。 相似文献
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连续环状色谱柱是有机物稀溶液及生物制品纯化的重要制备手段,为深入认识连续环状色谱柱的性能,开展了连续环状色谱柱分离性能模拟计算的研究。提出了二维空间网格差分的模拟计算方法,并采用文献报道的木糖-山梨糖分离的实验结果进行验证,模拟计算结果与实验数据基本吻合,证明了模拟计算方法的可行性。同时考察了单组分体系下进料流量、床层旋转速度、相间总传质系数、吸附平衡常数对流出曲线的影响;以木糖为分离关键组分,以木糖的收率和纯度为目标函数,对双组分体系下进料流量、床层旋转速度、床层高度、选择性系数对分离效果的影响进行了计算和讨论,结果表明,选择性系数是决定性因素,适当提高床层旋转速度或床层高度可以增大木糖的纯度。 相似文献
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对锇同位素分离与制备进行了调研和探讨。通过电磁分离实验得到锇同位素的小样,其中^187Os同位素的收率丰度为26.5%,如扣除本底污染,^187Os收集纯度达50.1%,达到一次电磁分离的国际水平。在此基础上,进一步探讨批量生产锇同位素的几种可行性方案。 相似文献
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The influence of magnetic matrices, magnetic field intensity, secondary and three section superconducting magnetic separation on the separation was studied in this paper. The magnetic field and flow field characteristics of elliptic cross-section matrix were studied in the elliptic coordinate system. The motion equations of the magnetic particles were derived. The tests results show that molybdenum concentrate with Mo grade of 7.4% and recovery of 43.6%, copper concentrate with Cu grade of 33.0% and recovery of 93.5% could be obtained, which verified the feasibility of separating copper-molybdenum by superconducting magnetic separation. 相似文献
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Shi Zeng Yunan Zhang Dongjun Jiang Valentin Borisevich Georgy Sulaberidze Andrei Smirnov 《分离科学与技术》2018,53(1):97-109
The Q-cascade is a type of model cascade that is particularly useful for studying multicomponent isotope separation. The cascade segmentation technique is further developed to optimize Q-cascades, which minimizes the relative total flow by splitting a cascade into smaller segments that each use the mass number of the virtual component as a decision variable. Application of this technique to Cadmium isotope separation shows that it is always effective. If the number of segments into which a cascade is split increases, then the minimum relative total flow decreases. A progressive segmentation strategy is developed to maximize the number of segments. 相似文献
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Jun‐Gang Ma Zhi‐Long Xiu Dai‐Jia Zhang Ling‐Yun Jia 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2002,77(6):720-724
By the aid of the surface activities of glycyrrhizic acid, foam separation can be used to extract and concentrate it. The effects of operating parameters such as flow rate of air, initial feed concentration, pH and ionic strength on the enrichment ratio and recovery yield of glycyrrhizic acid are investigated in detail. In addition, the influences of other surface‐active substances in solution, such as proteins, on the separation of glycyrrhizic acid are also discussed. The experimental results show that foam separation is a simple and effective method to separate and concentrate glycyrrhizic acid. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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MOFs作为一类具有三维孔结构的新型框架材料,在催化、储能和分离领域均有广泛的应用前景,而MOFs的水稳定性一直是限制其扩大应用的壁垒。随着水稳定性MOFs材料不断涌现以及人们对MOFs水稳定性机理认识的加深,众多的学者开始关注MOFs分离膜在水体系下物质分离的应用研究。综述了围绕MOFs分离膜在水系环境下的分离应用研究展开,概述了MOFs水稳定性的影响因素,MOFs分离膜的制备及其在染料废水处理、脱盐、重金属离子去除和离子选择性分离等领域的应用研究,并对MOFs分离膜未来发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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Katsuyuki Kubota 《加拿大化工杂志》1975,53(6):706-710
In recent years, the use of synthetic surfactants, “detergents”, has brought about extensive foaming on rivers and during sewage treatment. Many methods have already been proposed on the removal of surfactants from waste water by the physico-chemical approach. The present paper however deals with the removal of the anionic surfactant, dodeclbenzensulfonate (DBSNa, M.W. = 348.48) form aqueous solution by the bubble separation technique, which has already been investigated in model systems by some workers.(1–10) This paper is also devoted in part to the removal of cationic metallic ion(12–17) from its dilute solution by suing a DBSNa collector in a stable foaming region, (pH = 6.3) similar treatments have employed the precipitate floatation mehtods.(18,19) 相似文献
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多组分精馏物料衡算的分离指标有20种,每种的计算方法均不同。浓度型用浓度杠杆规则求解直观快速。推导给出了20种指标下清晰分割假设物料衡算中采出流量的计算通式。分离指标间接地给出了精馏原料的分离因素。 相似文献
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