玻璃纤维布增强EP/PPO复合材料性能及应用

利用材料试验机、扫描电镜、高频微波仪及差示扫描量热仪研究了玻璃纤维布增强环氧树脂(EP)/聚苯醚(PPO)复合材料的弯曲性能、相态、介电性能和耐热性。结果表明,树脂含量对EP/PPO复合材料的弯曲强度和介电性能影响很大,在树脂质量分数约为40%时,复合材料的弯曲强度最大;当树脂质量分数大于30%时,介电常数的理论预测值与实验结果基本符合;硅烷偶联剂KH-550处理玻璃纤维布制得复合材料的弯曲性能较优;玻璃纤维布增强EP/PPO复合材料的热性能比纯EP/PPO树脂的热稳定性好。     

Al2O3填充聚酰亚胺改性环氧树脂/玻璃纤维导热复合材料的制备与性能研究

以硅烷偶联剂改性的氧化铝为导热填料,聚酰亚胺改性环氧树脂为基体,通过高温模压法制备了Al2O3填充聚酰亚胺/环氧导热玻纤复合材料,研究Al2O3和聚酰亚胺含量对复合材料热性能、力学性能和介电性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的热导率随着纳米Al2O3粒子含量的增加而增加。当Al2O3粒子的填充量为50%时,复合材料的热导率可达1.239W/(m.K)。复合材料冲击强度和弯曲强度随粒子含量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,当Al2O3粒子的填充量为20%时,材料的冲击强度为376.3kJ/m2,弯曲强度为912.6MPa。聚酰亚胺改性的复合材料具有较好的介电性能、热稳定性和耐热老化性。     

PA6/EP/LiCl/SiO_2复合材料的结构与性能

采用熔融挤出工艺制备了尼龙(PA)6/环氧树脂(EP)/LiCl/SiO2复合材料。研究了EP的含量对PA6/EP/LiCl/SiO2复合材料的结晶行为、力学及加工性能的影响。研究发现,随着EP含量的增加,复合材料的结晶度降低、结晶不完善程度增大、PA6结晶受限,PA6/EP/LiCl/SiO2复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度总体上表现出先增大后减小的趋势,而熔体流动速率呈先减小后升高的趋势。当EP含量为3份时复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度和弯曲强度均达到最大值,分别为94.68 MPa,11.5 kJ/m2和135.36 MPa。     

EP/AlN/MWCNTs导热复合材料性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂KH–550对氮化铝(Al N)颗粒进行表面处理,对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行氧化处理。通过溶剂和超声分散法,分别制备了环氧树脂(EP)/Al N,EP/MWCNTs及EP/Al N/MWCNTs复合材料,用万能试验机测试了复合材料的冲击强度与弯曲强度,用热导率测定仪测试了其热导率,用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜测试了其微观结构。结果表明,Al N,MWCNTs在EP基体中分散均匀;单独或同时加入填料Al N和MWCNTs均能够提高EP复合材料的力学性能和导热性能。随着Al N,MWCNTs含量的增加,EP/Al N,EP/MWCNTs及EP/Al N/MWCNTs复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而热导率呈现逐渐增大的趋势;EP/Al N/MWCNTs复合材料的热导率明显高于相同份数Al N的EP/Al N复合材料的热导率。当MWCNTs含量为1.5份、Al N含量为40份时,EP/Al N/MWCNTs复合材料的综合性能最优异,冲击强度为22.118 k J/m2,弯曲强度为124.40 MPa,热导率达到0.434 W/(m·K)。     

EP/CFDSF/CNTs复合材料的力学性能和电学性能

采用浓硝酸和浓硫酸改性碳纳米管(CNTs),然后以环氧树脂(EP)为基体、碳纤维双层间隔织物(CFDSF)为增强体制备了EP/CFDSF/CNTs复合材料,研究了改性CNTs含量对EP/CNTs和EP/CFDSF/CNTs复合材料力学性能及电学性能的影响。结果表明,随改性CNTs含量增加,两种复合材料的弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度均先升高后降低,当改性CNTs的含量为2.5份时,两种复合材料的力学性能最好,EP/CFDSF/CNTs复合材料的弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度分别为145.18 MPa和18 kJ/m~2,分别较EP/CNTs复合材料提高了12.5%和18.4%。随改性CNTs含量增加,两种复合材料的体积电阻率降低,当达到渗滤阈值即改性CNTs的含量为2.5份后下降明显,EP/CNTs复合材料的体积电阻率为25.9Ω·cm,而EP/CFDSF/CNTs复合材料的体积电阻率为20.85Ω·cm。     

环氧树脂/氧化锌晶须/氮化硼导热绝缘复合材料的研究

以环氧树(脂EP)为基体,分别以氧化锌晶(须ZnOw)和ZnOw/氮化硼(BN)混合物为导热填料,制备了EP导热绝缘复合材料。研究了填料含量对复合材料导热性能、电绝缘性能及力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜对复合材料的断面形貌进行了观察。结果表明:随着导热填料含量的增大,复合材料的导热系数和介电常数增大,体积电阻率下降,而拉伸强度呈先增大后减小的趋势;在填料含量相同的情况下,EP/ZnOw/BN复合材料比EP/ZnOw复合材料具有更好的导热性能;当填料体积分数为15%时,EP/ZnOw/BN复合材料的热导率为1.06W/(mK)而,EP/ZnOw复合材料的热导率仅为0.98W/(mK)。     

BaTiO3／环氧树脂／玻璃纤维复合材料介电性能研究

本文运用热压工艺制备了BaTiO3（BT）／环氧树脂／玻璃纤维和BaTiO3／炭黑／环氧树脂／玻璃纤维复合材料,研究了温度、填料含量和交流频率对复合材料的介电性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的介电常数（εr）和介电损耗（tanδ）随肌体积分数的增加而升高。当肌体积分数为17％时,复合材料在1MHz下的εr和tanδ分别为7.88和0.027。当炭黑的含量为1.0％时,明含量为17％的复合材料εr和tanδ分别为11.0和0.035。随着频率的升高,复合材料的εr降低,而介电损耗升高。复合材料的εr随温度升高而增加。     

纳米ZnO改性环氧树脂研究

以镀锌渣为原料制备纳米ZnO,研究纳米ZnO的含量对EP/纳米ZnO复合材料的拉伸、弯曲和冲击等力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加普通ZnO和纳米ZnO均增加环氧树脂的拉伸强度和弯曲强度。随着普通ZnO含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度增加。然而,随着纳米ZnO含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度的增加幅度先增加后减小,当纳米ZnO含量为5%时,拉伸强度和弯曲强度最大。在含量相同的情况下,纳米ZnO增强效果优于普通ZnO;添加普通ZnO会降低环氧树脂的冲击强度,而一定量的纳米ZnO能增加其冲击强度。随着纳米ZnO含量的增加,复合材料的冲击强度也逐渐增大,当其含量为5%时,冲击强度最大。     

钛酸钡-环氧树脂复合材料厚膜的制备及性能研究

通过棒式涂布的方法得到了厚度均匀的钛酸钡-环氧树脂复合厚膜.研究了环氧树脂的热固化性质及钛酸钡含量对复合材料的微观结构、剥离强度及介电性能的影响.结果表明:随着BaTiO2/BT)含量的增加,复合材料中的气孔不断增加,导致剥离强度在BT含量为40 vol%时达到最高值后急剧下降.复合材料的介电常数及介电损耗随着BT含量的增加而不断增加.在BT含量一定时,复合厚膜的介电常数和介电损耗分别随着频率的增加而减小和增加.     

CNTs添加量对航空航天用EP/CFDSF复合材料性能的影响

研究了在环氧树脂(EP)中同时加入碳纤维双层间隔织物(CFDSF)与碳纳米管(CNTs)来提高EP强度的相关作用机理,探讨CNTs对EP/CFDSF/CNTs电学特性的影响。研究结果表明,随着CNTs含量的不断增加,试样的弯曲强度与冲击强度均发生了先增大后降低的现象,EP/CFDSF复合材料的力学性能明显高于EP材料。当CNTs的添加量为2. 5份时,EP/CFDSF试样的冲击强度和弯曲强度测试值达到最高,依次为18. 1 k J/m~2和146. 5 MPa,比纯EP材料的强度显著提高。不含CNTs时复合材料断面具有平整的微观形貌;添加了2. 5份CNTs的试样断面区域表现为明显的凹凸变化特点。随着CNTs添加量的增加,试样的电阻率明显下降,2. 5份CNTs的两种试样体积电阻率分别为19. 6Ω·cm和14. 8Ω·cm。     

环氧树脂/玻璃布/BN导热复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用高温模压成型法制备环氧树脂(EP)/玻璃布/氮化硼(BN)导热复合材料。探讨了BN用量和偶联剂处理对复合材料力学性能、导热性能和介电性能等影响。结果表明:当w(BN)=15%时,复合材料的冲击强度较高;导热性能随着BN用量的增加而增大;当w(BN)=25%时,改性复合材料的热导率为0.901 2 W/(m.K),此时复合材料仍保持较低的介电常数和介电损耗。当BN用量相同时,偶联剂表面处理可有效改善复合材料的力学性能和导热性能。     

聚砜改性环氧树脂复合材料热老化性能研究

以聚砜(PSF)改性环氧树脂(EP)为基体树脂,玻璃纤维为增强材料,采用高温模压成型法制备出PSF改性EP/玻璃纤维复合材料。结果表明:PSF能有效提高EP基体的热稳定性能;经200℃热老化72 h后,PSF改性EP/玻璃纤维复合材料的热失重率<1%,其冲击强度和弯曲强度呈先升后降态势,电绝缘性能仍然较好(其体积电阻率和表面电阻率的数量级仍保持在1012左右);该复合材料在高温绝缘场合中具有良好的应用前景。     

Effects of Carbon Nanofiber on Dielectric Properties of PMN/CNFs/EP Composites

A kind of new composite material composed of piezoelectric ceramic lead magnesium niobate-lead zirconate-lead titanate (PMN)/carbon nanofibers (CNFs)/epoxy resin (EP) were prepared by a resin casting method. The effects of carbon nanofibers on dielectric properties of PMN/CNFs/EP composites were investigated in this paper. The concetration of CNFs had significant effects on dielectric constant, dielectric loss, dielectric frequency dependence and dielectric temperature dependence of PMN/CNFs/EP composites. When the content of CNFs increased from 0 to 0.8 wt% of the epoxy resin, the dielectric constant at 1 kHz increased sharply from 13.6 to 158, and the dielectric loss increased from 0.0524 to 2.59. In plots of the dielectric constant against frequency and dielectric loss against frequency, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss reduced dramatically at lower frequency ranging from zero to about 10⁵ Hz, then approach to be stable at frequency higher than 10⁵ Hz. Moreover, as to the effects of temperature on dielectric constant and dielectric loss of PMN/CNFs/EP composites, the dielectric constant of composite increased ranging from 25°C to 160°C, and the dielectric loss of composite also showed increase besides that with CNFs content 0.8 wt%.     

环氧及酚醛树脂增韧改性氰酸酯树脂研究

用环氧树脂(EP)及酚醛树脂(PF)对氰酸酯树脂(CE)进行增韧改性,对改性CE的凝胶时间和DSC曲线进行研究并确定了改性CE的固化工艺。红外光谱分析表明改性CE固化时形成了柔韧性结构。研究了改性CE的力学性能、热性能、电性能及微观形态,发现EP的加入可增加CE的柔韧性,PF的加入可使CE的热稳定性损失减小。当CE/EP/PF的质量比为70/15/15时改性CE的弯曲强度和冲击强度分别从改性前的123.6 MPa、5.2 kJ/m2提高到134.5 MPa、16.7 kJ/m2,耐热性及电性能改变不大。     

超支化液晶/Al_2O_3/环氧树脂复合材料电性能研究

采用机械共混及模压成型工艺将Al2O3粉体,含H20哑铃状液晶化合物(HLCP)与环氧树脂(E-51)共混制备了HLCP/EP/Al2O3复合材料。研究了Al2O3含量对材料热稳定性、导电性能、导热性能及热膨胀的影响。结果表明:材料的导热系数、介电常数及热稳定性随Al2O3含量的增加而增大,当Al2O3粉体质量分数达到70%时,材料导热系数是纯环氧树脂的1.7倍;介电损耗、线膨胀系数随Al2O3含量的增加而减小,当Al2O3粉体质量分数为60%时,介电常数为3.71。同时,由于HLCP网格的存在,降低了材料的内耗,提高了复合材料的玻璃化转变温度,增强了电性能。     

高导热低介电性单组分EP灌封胶的研制

以双酚A型环氧树脂(EP)为基体树脂、线性酚醛树脂(PF)和双氰胺为固化剂、烯丙基缩水甘油醚(AGE)为活性稀释剂、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑为固化促进剂、氮化硼(BN)和三氧化二铝(A12O3)为导热填料,制备单组分EP灌封胶。采用单因素试验法优选出制备灌封胶的最佳工艺条件,并对灌封胶的导热系数、介电常数、剪切强度和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)等进行了表征。结果表明:制备高导热低介电性单组分EP灌封胶的最佳工艺条件是m(EP)∶m(PF)∶m(活性稀释剂)∶m(BN)=10∶3∶2∶6、w(固化促进剂)=w(流平剂)=0.5%(相对于EP质量而言)和固化条件为"120℃/0.5 h→170℃/1 h",此时其剪切强度为42.37 MPa、介电常数为4.6和导热系数为1.214 W/(m.K)。     

Studies on Preparation and Property Researches of EP/SiC Thermal Conductivity Composites

The epoxy resin/silicon carbide thermal conductivity composites were prepared via casting method. The content of SiC and coupling reagents effecting on the thermal conductivity, mechanical and thermal properties of composites were investigated. Results revealed that the thermal conductivity properties of the composites were improved with the increasing mass fraction of SiC, and the thermal conductivity coefficient λ was 0.7152 W/mk with 50% mass fraction of SiC, being over 3 times of that of native epoxy resin. The flexural strength and impact strength of the EP/SiC composites increased firstly, but decreased with excessive addition of SiC, and the properties of EP/SiC composites were maximum with 10 wt% SiC. DSC and TGA analysis showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of composites decreased, but the heat resistance increased with the addition of SiC. SEM observation of impact fracture revealed that the impact strength had the relationships of large or small fracturing ability and the fracturing extended ability and the resin elasticity deformation.     

蒙脱土改性环氧树脂及其复合材料性能研究

以蒙脱土(MMT)作为EP(环氧树脂)的改性剂制备EP/MMT纳米复合材料。考察了MMT含量对EP/MMT体系的凝胶时间、黏度和力学性能等影响。结果表明:MMT的加入明显缩短了EP体系的凝胶时间,并显著缩短了EP体系达到高黏度的时间;当w(MMT)=4%时,EP/MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能相对最好,其浇铸体的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为85 MPa、140 MPa和35 kJ/m2,其复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别为160 MPa和200 MPa。     

The production of carbon nanotube/epoxy composites with a very high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss by microwave curing

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/epoxy (EP) composites were developed using microwave curing (m-MWCNT/EP). They have a very high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss. For comparison, composites based on the same components were also prepared by thermal curing (t-MWCNT/EP). Results show that the two types of composites have greatly different dielectric properties. With the same content of MWCNTs, m-MWCNT/EP composites show a much higher dielectric constant and lower dielectric loss than t-MWCNT/EP composites. Specifically, the dielectric constant and loss at 100 Hz of m-MWCNT/EP composite with 0.04 vol% MWCNTs are about 2.5 and 0.05 times the corresponding value of t-MWCNT/EP composites, respectively, because of their different structures. Compared with t-MWCNT/EP composites, the nanotubes in m-MWCNT/EP composites not only have a better dispersion in the matrix, but also align in a direction. An equivalent circuit model was set up to evaluate the influence of dispersion and spatial distribution of MWCNTs on the dielectric properties. It shows that it is possible to control the dispersion and spatial distribution of carbon nanotubes using a different curing technique to obtain high performance composites with unexpected dielectric properties, especially those with very high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss.