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CO2/H2S腐蚀问题一直是石油工业腐蚀问题的一个棘手和研究热点。CO2/H2S腐蚀引起的设备和管道腐蚀失效,造成了巨大的经济损失以及严重的社会后果,所以开展抑制CO2/H2S腐蚀的研究具有深远的经济和社会效应。近年,针对CO2/H2S腐蚀问题采用咪唑啉缓蚀剂处理的研究较多,其通过金属与酸性介质接触在其表面形成单分子吸... 相似文献
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新型缓蚀剂BPV-3研制及机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
酸性气体腐蚀一直是影响酸性油气田地面集输管道的安全运行的最重要的因素,常规的防腐蚀措施是使用高效缓蚀剂。利用曼尼希缩聚反应合成了一种新型CO2/H2S缓蚀剂BPV-3,研究了合成温度、合成时间和浓盐酸加量对缓蚀剂效果的影响,确定了最优合成条件,获得了对腐蚀具有较好效果的缓蚀剂。研究表明,最佳合成条件是温度为90℃,反应时间为5.0 h,浓盐酸加量为4%(摩尔比);当其加量为100 mg/L时,缓蚀率就可达80%以上。这种缓蚀剂适用于油气田集输管道,可以有效抑制CO2/H2S对金属管道的腐蚀。 相似文献
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采用天然大分子壳寡糖、缩水甘油三甲基氯化铵、苯甲醛为原料,合成了绿色壳寡糖衍生物缓蚀剂(BHC)。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对缓蚀剂BHC结构进行了表征。采用失重法、电化学法、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、接触角等对缓蚀剂BHC进行缓蚀性能评价和机理分析。得到的优化缓蚀剂BHC合成条件为m(HTCOS)∶m(苯甲醛)=1.0∶2.4,反应温度80℃,反应时间24 h。在总压为15 MPa(H2S、CO2、N2分压分别为1、5和9 MPa)条件下,缓蚀剂BHC质量浓度为100 mg/L时,P110钢片在140℃、含H2S/CO2腐蚀介质中的缓蚀率为85.62%,与市售缓蚀剂相比,BHC缓蚀率提高16.90%,可有效减缓高温高含H2S/CO2腐蚀环境下钢材的腐蚀速率。缓蚀剂BHC是一种偏阴极保护的混合型缓蚀剂,在金属表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,与钢表面形成稳定共价键,能很好保护钢管。 相似文献
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以三乙烯四胺、不饱和脂肪酸与苯乙酮、甲醛等原料制备曼尼希碱咪唑啉缓蚀剂MBI-1,研究其在高压、高CO2浓度、高H2S浓度的腐蚀介质中对Q235试样的缓蚀行为.电化学极化曲线表明,MBI-1属于阳极型缓蚀剂,其在金属表面遵循Langmuir等温吸附方程,发生物理化学吸附.缓蚀剂MBI-1在10~80℃范围,CO2分压为... 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献