共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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超声空化效应可以促进沥青的改性,利用Fluent流体仿真软件,对熔融SBS改性沥青流体中超声空化泡进行数值模拟,分析了单个空化泡在膨胀-压缩一个周期内的形态变化以及整个流体域的压强变化,从而计算出单个泡压缩或溃灭时产生的瞬时的高温高压环境以及释放的能量。同时结合超声辅助制备SBS改性沥青实验,通过常规性能的测试,说明超声能提高其高低温性能;离析实验以及荧光显微图像说明超声能细化SBS颗粒,改善SBS颗粒在沥青体系的分散效果;老化后的黏度变化和老化前后的FTIR说明了超声工艺可以提升改性沥青的抗老化性能。 相似文献
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超声强化超临界CO2萃取除虫菊酯的初步研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文在超声场中用超临界CO2萃取除虫菊酯,研究超声场对超临界流体萃取固体植物中有效成分的影响.结果表明在实验范围超声场的存在能有效地提高萃取速率,且又不引起超临界CO2空化,从而没有引起除虫菊酯的降解。 相似文献
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首先介绍了三种动力学模拟超临界流体萃取的模型(经验模型、基于热传递类推的模型以及基于微分质量平衡的模型),然后模拟了在超声存在的条件下超临界流体从香椿叶中萃取黄酮类化合物的动力学过程,最后通过该例子展示了现有大多数动力学模型的缺点. 相似文献
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植物成分超声浸取研究现状 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简述了超声浸取的基本机理;介绍了国内外超声浸取植物有效成分工艺技术、功率和频率及频率组合等超声场参数对浸取效果的影响、超声场对植物组织和植物有效成分的影响、超声强化浸取的传质过程等方面的研究成果;最后简要总结了当前研究存在的主要问题,并提出几点建议。 相似文献
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在超声波防垢过程中,超声波的传播以及空化效果会受到流体及超声波参数的影响,析晶污垢的沉积特性也会随之发生变化。对此,采用FLUENT数值模拟与实验参数相比对的方法研究了不同流体速度、超声波频率下超声空化对CaSO4析晶污垢剥蚀的影响。结果表明:同频率条件下,增大流速超声空化对污垢的剥蚀效果减弱;同流速条件下,增大超声波频率超声空化对污垢的剥蚀效果减弱。将空化效应引起的剥蚀率代入污垢的沉积过程,得到超声波频率对污垢沉积特性的影响,随着超声波频率的增加,污垢净沉积率增加、污垢热阻变大。 相似文献
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流化床的数值模拟在流化床结构设计和放大中有着重要作用,目前得到广泛应用的多种基于CFD的数学模型在工业尺度的计算中存在不同缺陷。本文引入一种基于CPFD理论的方法,对射流流化床和鼓泡流化床分别进行了数值模拟,结果显示该方法能够有效模拟大量颗粒的两相流体系,反映颗粒和流体的真实运动状态。 相似文献
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综述了超声波法制备高吸水树脂研究进展,包括超声波法制备合成聚合物系列高吸水树脂、超声波法制备天然多糖交联型高吸水树脂、超声波法制备接枝天然多糖型高吸水树脂等。最后指出了超声波法制备高吸水树脂研究需要加强的几个方向:即加强超声波法制备各种类型高吸水树脂的实验研究;加强超声辐射产生设备的革新研究;降低成本,扩大应用领域。 相似文献
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一类用于清洗的新型超声波振子 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一类新型超声波振子——管形振子及推拉换能器,比较了二者的结构,分析了这类振子的工作原理,并对其辐射声场进行了计算。结果表明这类新型超声波振子结构简单,辐射效率高,辐射声场均匀,安装方便,可用于超声清洗等大规模液体处理领域,特别适用于管罐类物件的清洗。 相似文献
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基于计算流体力学(CFD)和实验方法,研究频率为20 kHz的超声波诱导的液氮空化特性。数值建模采用Mixture多相流模型,Singhal空化模型和Realizable k-ε湍流模型,并通过动网格方法实现边界正弦振荡来模拟超声波发生器界面。模拟计算获得超声空化结构的周期变化特性,与实验观察相比发现现象上一致性较好。基于数值结果,分析了超声影响区压力和温度等参数的变化特性;发现由于热效应,使得液氮超声空化相比水超声空化具有不同特性。模拟了振子振幅、超声频率及系统压力等参数对空化的影响特性,并提出超声波诱导的空化数表达式,结果证明空化数越小越容易发生空化。计算结果深入揭示了液氮超声空化机理。 相似文献
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采用CFD方法对超声微反应器内的Taylor气液两相流的传质过程进行了模拟。针对传质过程中主要的介尺度结构,包括气泡表面波、空化声流、液相内的局部浓度,分析了其空间分布和时间演化规律。模拟结果有效捕捉了实验难以观测的液膜区域,并将液膜厚度与气泡表面波振动进行了关联,阐释了气液界面附近的空化声流对传质过程的强化作用。根据超声微反应器内Taylor流的传质特点,分别研究了不同流动和超声条件对液弹内和液膜处传质过程的影响,比较了各局部传质对整体传质效率的贡献。通过分析整体/局部Sherwood数与Peclet数间的关系,研究了超声效应对气液传质速率的影响。分析结果从介尺度角度验证了文献关于超声微反应器传质系数的计算,完善了超声微反应器内气液传质过程的强化理论。 相似文献
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《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2013,27(2):101-115
Various nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods are frequently employed to inspect the adhesive bonds of aircraft structures in service. The literature on the capability of various NDE techniques reveals a deficiency in linking NDE test parameter characteristics of the frequency or size of defects to critical failure properties such as the lifetime and the strength of adhesive bonds. In this study an attempt has been made to develop such correlations. A specimen geometry was employed so as to permit cleavage-type debonding under fatigue loading. This geometry and loading configuration provide for a simple fatigue testing program and simple analytical methods. Damage by flexural fatigue aging of these adhesively bonded specimens was induced at different intervals of their fatigue lifetime. The specimens were composed of materials that were commonly used in actual aircraft production during the 1970s. Pulse-echo ultrasonic C-scanning and thermal wave imaging were performed to inspect the adhesive joints at various percentages of the fatigue lifetime. A novel low-frequency ultrasonic method was used for making the C-scans; this technique was immune to signal amplitude changes due to interference phenomena caused by bond thickness variation. A direct correlation of the ultrasonic parameter (size of the debonded area) with the percentage lifetime of the adhesive joints was tentatively established. It was also found that this correlation was consistent when the scanning was conducted from either the top surface or the bottom surface of the adhesive joints. A similar correlation between the size of the debonded area and the percentage of fatigue lifetime of the adhesive joint was found using thennal wave imaging. Thus, it appears that the measurements obtained from both techniques are consistent. 相似文献
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AbstractThis work is devoted to the use of modern computer simulation tools based on the principles and methods of computational fluid dynamics that are applied to develop processes and equipment for producing spray dried micropowders. The feed solution was atomized into small droplets using an ultrasonic nozzle that exploits the principle of liquid disintegration caused by impact of high-frequency wave oscillations. The use of this device for spraying a liquid allowed obtaining spherical particles with diameters less than 20?μm and with a narrow size distribution. The process development is based on a mathematical model incorporating the hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer mechanisms, which has been formulated to numerically predict particles trajectories and temporal changes of their mass and temperatures. The generated data were used to analyze the trajectories of discrete phase particles considering various process parameters and to estimate adhesion of wet particles to the drying chamber and nozzle. Also, predicted were the degree of particles deposition and precipitation in a cyclone, since these are useful for selection of process parameters to ensure maximum quality of particles and maximum attainable efficiency of the system collecting finished products. 相似文献