丁腈橡胶阻尼材料改性方法研究进展

对丁腈橡胶在阻尼领域的应用进行了介绍，并综述了共混、共聚、添加填料及有机小分子杂化等常用的提高丁腈橡胶阻尼性能的改性方法和机理，对阻尼材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

聚合物阻尼材料的分子设计与复合改性

介绍了聚合物阻尼材料的分子设计;论述了共聚物的分子设计、阻尼微结构、梯度阻尼结构等;综述了聚合物阻尼材料复合改性的研究进展。对共混及互穿聚合物网络、有机／无机杂化体系、纳米复合体系和聚合物／小分子复合体系等进行了述评。     

溶胶-凝胶技术在有机／无机杂化材料制备中的应用

应用溶胶-凝胶法制备有机／无机杂化材料,可根据前驱体的种类和制备方法等对材料微观结构进行裁剪和优化,并可实现材料的功能化。有机／无机杂化材料根据有机相和无机相的比例不同,可分为有机改性陶瓷型杂化材料和陶瓷改性有机物型杂化材料两类。本文综述了应用溶胶-凝胶技术制备有机／无机杂化材料的原理以及应用进展。     

超支化聚氨酯的改性研究进展

超支化聚氨酯具有端基种类丰富、无链缠绕、溶解性好和粘度低等优点,对其进行功能化改性后可应用于涂料、聚合物固体电解质、形状记忆材料、相变储能材料和阻尼材料等领域。文章从丙烯酸酯改性、有机硅改性、有机氟改性、纳米改性和环氧树脂改性等方面综述了超支化聚氨酯的改性方法,并对其发展方向进行了展望。     

聚合物基阻尼材料的研究进展

结合近年来聚合物基阻尼材料的研究成果,综述聚合物基阻尼材料的阻尼机理和国内外制备阻尼材料的传统技术方法和新技术方法。重点介绍压电阻尼材料、磁性阻尼材料、梯度阻尼材料和有机杂化阻尼材料的研究进展。指出阻尼材料的发展方向:一是制备具有宽温域范围、高阻尼因子的阻尼材料,二是制备功能化阻尼材料,三是制备绿色环保阻尼材料。     

橡胶阻尼减震材料的研究进展

介绍了天然橡胶(NR)、丁苯橡胶(SBR)、(卤化)丁基橡胶(IIR)、(氢化)丁腈橡胶(NBR)、硅橡胶、乙丙橡胶(EPR)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶(EVM)及其共混物的阻尼性能,综述了采用橡胶共混、共聚、填料改性、有机小分子杂化阻尼、溶液共沉淀和互穿网络(IPN)等方法,制备了综合性能良好的阻尼橡胶减震材料的研究进展。     

聚合物基阻尼材料研究进展

介绍了4种类型的聚合物基阻尼材料,即黏弹型、导电压电型、有机小分子杂化型和无机小分子杂化型。探讨了聚合物基阻尼材料的组成、配方、阻尼性能及其原理。     

蒙脱石转化为有机-无机杂化材料后应用的概述

材料化学的最新发展使研究人员能够通过对无机材料的有机改性来获得各种无-有机杂化材料。蒙脱土是一类无机层状化合物,由于其低或无毒,高比表面积,高吸附能力,和层状结构而引起了研究者们长期的注意和研究。研究者通过在蒙脱土的表面进行有机化合物的共价键连接得到有机-无机杂化材料。综述了以改性后的蒙脱土为主体的有机-无机杂化材料在环境污染物的吸附,纳米复合的合成和作为药物载体方面的应用和进展。     

有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅的合成及应用

有机-无机杂化介孔材料因其具有显著的活性中心、较高的机械和水热稳定性等特点,成为国内外学者广泛关注的热点研究材料。综述了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅材料的主要合成方法,包括后合成法、共缩聚法和有序介孔有机硅法,并对3种方法存在的优缺点进行了比较。同时详细介绍了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅材料在催化、环境保护、生物医药和光学领域的应用。并展望了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅材料的发展及应用前景。     

有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅的合成及应用

有机-无机杂化介孔材料因其具有显著的活性中心、较高的机械和水热稳定性等特点,成为国内外学者广泛关注的热点研究材料。综述了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅材料的主要合成方法,包括后合成法、共缩聚法和有序介孔有机硅法,并对3种方法存在的优缺点进行了比较。同时详细介绍了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅材料在催化、环境保护、生物医药和光学领域的应用。并展望了有机-无机杂化介孔二氧化硅材料的发展及应用前景。     

Polyoxometalate/polymer hybrid materials: fabrication and properties

In this article we provide an overview of the fabrication and properties of polyoxometalate/polymer hybrid materials. Physical blending, electrostatic adsorption, covalent bonding and supramolecular modification are the main strategies to incorporate polyoxometalates into organic or inorganic (taking silica as an example) polymer matrices. The polyoxometalate/polymer hybrid materials obtained concurrently possess the unique optical, electrical or catalytic properties of polyoxometalates and the favorable processability and stability of polymer matrices. Polyoxometalate/polymer hybrid materials may have potential applications in optics, electronics, biology, medicine and catalysis. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

New phosphate glass/polymer hybrids—Current status and future prospects

The physical modification of polymer structure and properties via polymer blending and reinforcement is a common practice in the plastics industry and has a large economic advantage over synthesizing new polymeric materials to fulfill new material needs. In this context, a new class of inorganic glass/organic polymer hybrids with enhanced benefits has been recently developed by blending low-Tg phosphate glasses with polymeric materials in the liquid state, to afford new hybrid materials with significant improvements in properties that are impossible to achieve from classical polymer blends and composites. Because of their facile synthesis and desirable characteristics, these phosphate glass/polymer hybrid materials may be model systems for exploring feasibility of new routes for driving inorganic glasses and organic polymers to self-assemble into useful materials. Conceptually, it may even be possible to use block copolymers, with one block being miscible with Pglass, to perform self-directed assembly of nanostructured hybrids, where the Pglass is confined solely to one phase. This article reviews some new insights into the structural dynamics, melt rheology, molecular relaxation processes, and phase behavior of a few representative examples of these unique hybrid materials with prescribed rheological properties, macromolecular structure and function. The unanswered questions are discussed to guide future research directions, and facilitate progress in this emerging area.     

高分子阻尼材料及阻尼结构

介绍了高分子阻尼材料及阻尼结构技术的研究进展情况,涉及聚合物阻尼机理,新型阻尼材料研究开发,各式阻尼结构及特点,并着重介绍了复合阻尼结构,对其中一些进行了工作机理分析。     

Hybrid organosiloxane coatings containing epoxide precursors for protecting mild steel against corrosion in a saline medium

Hybrid organic–inorganic materials made from sol–gel precursors can be used as anticorrosion barriers on metal substrates. The modification of epoxy resins with silicones is an interesting approach toward the synthesis of hybrid materials that combine the advantages offered by epoxy resins with those of silicones. In this study, novel hybrid epoxy‐silicon materials were synthesized using sol–gel chemistry and subsequently functionalized with 4,4′‐methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), incorporating urethane functionality into the final polymer. The study screened five different epoxide precursors for use in the synthesis of the new hybrid materials and optimizing their anticorrosion properties. Spectral characterization confirms the proposed chemical structures of the newly synthesized polymers. The newly developed polymers were painted on mild steel panels, thermally cured, and their thermal, surface morphological, adhesion, and anticorrosion properties were fully characterized. The new coatings were found to have excellent thermal stability and adherence properties to steel surface. The results of corrosion testing on coated steel panels following long‐term immersion in a 3.5 wt % aqueous NaCl medium revealed that the polymer prepared using the epoxide precursor bisphenol A diglycidyl ether provided the best anticorrosion protection property among the synthesized polymers. This could be attributed to the excellent integrity and crosslink density properties in addition to the lack of microdefects in the surface of this coated sample as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy analyses. The newly prepared hybrid coatings reported in this study are very promising as an alternative to toxic chromate‐based coatings. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43947.     

无机光致变色材料的研究进展

感光材料是现代社会中非常重要的一类材料,它被广泛应用在建筑、信息、照明、汽车等方面。在众多感光材料中,无机光致变色材料凭借其优异的光、电、磁性能长期以来受到青睐,是近些年的研究热点。其种类主要包括多金属氧酸盐、过渡金属氧化物、金属卤化物、金属叠氮化物等。由于无机材料不易进行分子修饰与剪裁,因此将无机和有机感光材料复合而成的复合感光材料也吸引着越来越多的人的兴趣,其中主要是无机/高分子复合体系。复合感光材料将是一个重要的研究方向,它将有更加广阔的应用前景。     

PolyHIPE: IPNs, hybrids, nanoscale porosity, silica monoliths and ICP-based sensors

Typical polyHIPE (porous polymers from high internal phase emulsions) have a cellular structure with volume fractions from 0.2 to 0.04, cell diameters from 15 to 25 μm and intercellular pore diameters from 0.5 to 10 μm. Unique interpenetrating polymer networks synthesized within the polyHIPE exhibited enhanced mechanical properties and an extended temperature range for damping. Hybrid polyHIPE that combine an inorganic polysilsesquioxane network with an organic polystyrene network exhibited superior high temperature mechanical properties and enhanced thermal stability. A nanoscale porosity in the cell walls, produced through the addition of a porogen to the HIPE, reduced the density and significantly enhanced the specific surface area. Porous silica monoliths with silica volume fractions of as low as 0.02 were produced through the pyrolysis of hybrid polyHIPE. PolyHIPE coated with an intrinsically conducting polymer exhibited reversible and repeatable changes in conductivity on exposure to acetone vapor, demonstrating their potential as sensor materials.     

Effect of nano clay on the constrained polymer volume of chlorobutyl rubber nanocomposites

The dynamic mechanical properties of chlorobutyl rubber nanocomposites containing different varieties of clay have been investigated. The clay moieties have been chosen so that they vary in their organic modification, modifier concentration, and d spacing. The viscoelastic properties such as storage modulus, damping behavior, and loss modulus of polymer composites depends on matrix filler interaction, crystallinity, and extent of crosslinking. The prepared composites were characterized by X Ray Diffraction, and the extend of exfoliation/intercalation was studied. It has been observed that the storage modulus of the composites increased with the addition of filler due to the enhancement in stiffness of the material. The damping behavior was found to decrease with the addition of filler and this was attributed to the restricted movement of the polymer segments. The higher surface area to volume ratio of the layered silicate resulted in the better interaction between the polymer matrix and filler. The variation of loss as well as storage modulus of the nanocomposites were evaluated as a function of filler loading, and a comparison of the properties of the rubber nanocomposites containing different organic clay was also carried out. Finally, a calculation of constrained volume of polymer chains was done in the nanocomposites. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:2135–2139, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineer     

有机高分子阻尼涂料的研究进展

介绍了有机高分子阻尼涂料的阻尼机理以及阻尼性能评价的常用方法,如强迫非共振测试、玻璃化转变温度测试、隔声量测试、复合损耗因子测试等。重点阐述了阻尼涂料用高分子改性方法,包括高聚物的共聚、共混和互穿聚合物网络、超支化聚合物等,总结了国内外在阻尼高分子方面的发展状况,指出了现阶段阻尼涂料存在的问题;最后介绍了国内外有关噪声限制的几个技术参数,并给出了目前国内机车用阻尼涂料的通用技术标准。     

聚氨酯阻尼材料研究进展

对聚氨酯阻尼材料的阻尼原理、成型方法、性能评价、影响其阻尼性能的关键因素、材料用途等方面作了综述，展望了其应用前景。