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无机电泳颗粒由于密度相对较大,在分散介质中容易出现沉降,不能很好地分散于介质中。以单层核-壳聚合物粒子为模板,表面沉积钛酸四丁酯,通过湿化学法制备中空的黑色一氧化钛超微/纳米粒子。考察了二氧化硅、三氧化二铝和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对一氧化钛的包覆改性,并用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜进行了表征,通过微电泳仪测定粒子的电泳淌度和Zeta电位。研究表明,中空结构能降低粒子的密度,改性后的粒子分散性和Zeta电位有明显的变化。使用三氧化二铝改性时,其电泳性能得到了很大的提高,Zeta电位绝对值高达40.70 mV,具有很好的电泳性能。 相似文献
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担载型纳米粒子催化材料通常是指将金属或金属氧化物活性相以纳米粒子的形式分散到惰性担载陶瓷粉体表面而形成的复合粉体材料。提高纳米粒子催化材料的分散均匀性是获得高催化性能的关键。传统的溶胶-凝胶法、浸润法等处理步骤冗长,易导致纳米粒子的团聚长大,降低催化效果。流化床化学气相沉积方法则比较适合处理粒径在40mm~500mm的担载粉体。本文着重介绍了粉体旋转化学气相沉积技术的原理,并以镍纳米粒子为例阐述了这种技术的相关应用。采用旋转化学气相沉积技术,在六方氮化硼(hBN)、立方氮化硼(cBN)、氧化铝(Al_2O_3)、氧化硅(SiO_2)等粉体表面沉积(包覆)了镍纳米粒子,显示出了优越的催化性能。本文同时分析了旋转化学气相沉积技术存在的问题及未来的研究前景。 相似文献
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先采用电泳沉积工艺在紫铜表面均匀沉积粒径为20 nm的Al2O3薄膜,然后通过电沉积在Al2O3沉积层表面得到Ni–Co合金,最终得到具有较高Al2O3含量的Ni–Co–Al2O3纳米复合镀层。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪分析了复合镀层的微观形貌和组成,并研究了镀层中Al2O3含量对镀层显微硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明,通过改变电泳沉积时间可制得Al2O3含量不同的Ni–Co–Al2O3复合镀层。Ni–Co–Al2O3复合镀层的综合性能优于Ni–Co合金镀层和Ni–Al2O3复合镀层。当复合镀层中纳米Al2O3粒子的体积分数约为30%(电泳沉积时间120 s)时,镀层组织致密,显微硬度较高,耐磨性最佳。 相似文献
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采用溶胶电泳沉积法在304不锈钢表面上制备了γ-Al2O3涂层.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对制备的γ-Al2O3涂层进行了表征,并采用超声波振荡考察了涂层的结合牢固度,讨论了电泳沉积液中γ-AlOOH溶胶的体积分数,纳米Al2O3的质量浓度、沉积电压、沉积时间及搅拌速率对γ-Al2O3 涂层性能的影响.结果表明:将溶胶加入到无水乙醇溶液中可制得稳定的电泳沉积液,添加纳米Al2O3可提高涂层沉积量和稳定性.当电泳沉积液中γ-AlOOH溶胶的体积分数为30%~40%,纳米Al2O3加入量为20~30 g/L,搅拌速率为375 r/min时,电压lOV下沉积5~10min,然后在600 ℃下焙烧3 h,所得到的γ-Al2O3涂层结合牢固. 相似文献
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采用溶胶电泳沉积法在304不锈钢表面上制备了γ-Al2O3涂层.通过扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对制备的γ-Al2O3涂层进行了表征,并采用超声波振荡考察了涂层的结合牢固度,讨论了电泳沉积液中γ-AlOOH溶胶的体积分数、纳米Al2O3的质量浓度、沉积电压、沉积时间及搅拌速率对γ-Al2O3涂层性能的影响.结果表明:将溶胶加入到无水乙醇溶液中可制得稳定的电泳沉积液,添加纳米Al2O3可提高涂层沉积量和稳定性.当电泳沉积液中γ-AlOOH溶胶的体积分数为30%~40%,纳米Al2O3加入量为20~30 g/L,搅拌速率为375 r/min时,电压10 V下沉积5~10 min,然后在600℃下焙烧3 h,所得到的γ-Al2O3涂层结合牢固. 相似文献
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本文采用聚(苯乙烯-co-甲基丙烯酸-N,N-二甲氨基乙酯)[P(St-co-DEA)]核壳纳米粒子为模板,在环境条件下以四甲基硅氧烷(TMOS)为前体,原位可控沉积纳米结构SiO2,合成了具有PSt核和PDEA-SiO2杂化的壳层纳米粒子,将杂化粒子进一步煅烧可得到空心的SiO2纳米微球。采用FT IR、TEM以及DLS对所合成的杂化纳米粒子进行了详细的表征。TEM观察证实了纳米结构SiO2在粒子壳层中的沉积,随着矿化反应的进行,体系形成了具有核壳结构的树莓状纳米粒子。研究表明:杂化粒子的表面粗糙程度及大小可以通过简单改变体系试验参数(如TMOS的用量和矿化时间等)而控制。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献