SnO_2/ZnO/铝箔复合薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃片/铝箔上制备SnO2/ZnO复合薄膜,以甲基橙水溶液模拟有机污染物,在可见光及紫外光下研究了SnO2/ZnO薄膜的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明:以铝箔为载体比以玻璃为载体时降解效率要有明显提高;当Sn Cl4在溶胶中的质量浓度为0.05 g/m L时,SnO2/ZnO/铝箔的降解效率最高;光照2 h时,在紫外光照射下降解效率为98.91%,可见光照射下降解效率达到了82.62%。     

偏压对ZnO/WO3复合材料光电催化性能的影响

通过球磨法和丝网印刷技术,制备得到了WO3质量分数为50%的ZnO/WO3复合光催化电极。当偏压从0 V增加到3 V时,ZnO/WO3复合材料对甲基橙的降解率先增加后减小,在1 V时,降解率出现极大值。继续增加电压到4 V时,ZnO/WO3复合材料对甲基橙的降解率急剧增加。     

光强对ZnO/WO3复合材料光电催化性能的影响

通过球磨法和丝网印刷技术,制备得到了WO3质量分数为50%的ZnO/WO3复合光催化电极。研究结果表明不管是紫外光照下还是蓝光光照下,随着光强的增大,ZnO/WO3复合材料对甲基橙的降解率都呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,光强为62 W/m2时降解率最大。而在相同光强光照下,紫外光比蓝光的降解效果好。     

负载型ZnO光催化降解有机废水

采用化学浴沉积法制备了ITO玻璃负载ZnO纳米膜,以甲基橙溶液作为模拟有机废水,研究了其光催化性能,考察了光催化时间、光催化膜循环使用次数对甲基橙模拟废水降解率的影响。试验结果表明,制备的纳米ZnO膜纯度高,结构均匀有序;在紫外光下照射4h,对甲基橙的降解率达到76.8%;简单冲洗干燥后即可重复使用,循环使用5次,对甲基橙的降解率仍良好。     

WO_3/ZnO的制备及其光催化降解甲基橙研究

以ZnSO4·7H2O、WO3和C2H2O4为起始原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了复合光催化剂WO3/ZnO。以甲基橙为研究对象,800W氙灯为光源,研究了催化剂煅烧温度、催化剂用量、WO3含量以及甲基橙初始浓度对其催化性能的影响。结果表明,WO3含量为15%,460℃煅烧3h所得的WO3/ZnO效果较好,在浓度为10mg/L的甲基橙溶液中加入WO3/ZnO1g/L,光照90min后脱色率可高达97.98%,且重复使用6次后脱色率仍在82%以上,表明WO3/ZnO复合光催化剂具有较好的催化性能和稳定性。     

纳米ZnO/SnO2复合光催化剂的制备研究

研究ZnO/SnO2复合催化剂的合成,考察ZnO/SnO2前驱体在不同Zn/Sn反应剂量的摩尔比、不同沉淀剂Na2CO3与总金属离子溶液的体积,以及不同反应时间条件下制备的复合催化剂对甲基橙光催化降解效果的影响。研究表明,当Zn/Sn反应剂量的摩尔比为9∶1,沉淀剂Na2CO3与总金属离子溶液的体积比为2∶1,反应时间为10min时制取的复合催化剂前驱体对甲基橙的光催化降解效果最好,降解30min甲基橙溶液的脱色率可达96.00%以上。     

Nd/ZnO制备及其光催化性能研究

以六水合硝酸锌、六水合硝酸钕和氨水为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了纯净的氧化锌、掺杂钕的Nd/ZnO光催化剂,分别以甲基橙、亚甲基蓝、苯酚为光催化反应的模型化合物,考察了ZnO、Nd/ZnO光催化剂的紫外光催化活性。结果表明,当Nd在ZnO中掺杂质量百分数为0.5%时,三种模型化合物光催化降解率最大(甲基橙光催化降解率为85.9%,苯酚光催化降解率为27.8%,亚甲基蓝光催化降解率为71.2%);在相同条件下,三种模型化合物光催化降解率大小顺序为:甲基橙!亚甲基蓝!苯酚。     

ZnO/AgBr复合纳米棒的制备及其光催化性能研究

以ZnNO3·6H2O、AgNO3、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和氨水为原料,通过水热法制备了ZnO/AgBr复合纳米棒.利用SEM、XRD分别对产品的形貌和结构进行表征.以ZnO/AgBr复合纳米棒为光催化剂,通过降解有机污染物甲基橙进行了光催化活性测试,结果表明,在可见光照射150 min后,对甲基橙的降解率接近完全.     

氧化锌纳米线的制备及其光催化性能探究

利用Zn(NO_3)_2水解,六次甲基四胺为辅碱,通过一步水热法合成ZnO纳米线。自然光照射120 min,样品对难降解的甲基橙催化降解率为53.9%,在模拟太阳光(450 W汞灯)照射下,120 min后样品对亚甲基蓝和罗丹明的降解率分别可达76.7%和82.1%,且对较难降解的甲基橙的降解率为68.4%,可见该法合成的样品对有机物具有较好的光催化活性。样品经多次循环利用,其光催化活性变化不大,说明该法合成的样品有较稳定的光催化性能。而且,用一步水热法合成ZnO纳米线,具有设备简单、环境友好、高效等优点。     

氧化锌纳米线的制备及其光催化性能探究

利用Zn(NO_3)_2水解,六次甲基四胺为辅碱,通过一步水热法合成ZnO纳米线。自然光照射120 min,样品对难降解的甲基橙催化降解率为53.9%,在模拟太阳光(450 W汞灯)照射下,120 min后样品对亚甲基蓝和罗丹明的降解率分别可达76.7%和82.1%,且对较难降解的甲基橙的降解率为68.4%,可见该法合成的样品对有机物具有较好的光催化活性。样品经多次循环利用,其光催化活性变化不大,说明该法合成的样品有较稳定的光催化性能。而且,用一步水热法合成ZnO纳米线,具有设备简单、环境友好、高效等优点。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.