N-苯基马来酰亚胺/苯乙烯/丙烯腈/α-甲基苯乙烯乳液共聚动力学

以十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为乳化剂，过硫酸钾（KPS）引发剂引发N-苯基马来酰亚胺／苯乙烯／丙烯腈／α-甲基苯乙烯（PMI／St／AN／α-MeSt）进行四元乳液共聚，考察了聚合温度，引发剂浓度，乳化剂浓度，α-MeSt浓度对聚合速率的影响。结果表明，共聚体系的表观活化能为84．14kJ／mol，聚合初始速率同引发剂浓度的0．46次方和乳化剂浓度的0．57次方成正比。乳化剂浓度8．4mmol／L，引发剂浓度1．8mmol／L，聚合温度75℃，聚合1h，85℃熟化2h是较为合理的反应条件。α-MeSt的浓度对聚合速率有很大的影响，应控制在0．35mol／L以下。     

PA6/ABS/PC合金的研制

以PA6，ABS，PC为基础树脂，ABS-g-MAH为增容剂，二叔丁基过氧化物为引发剂，并加入改性剂等助剂，制备了PA6／ABS／PC合金，研究了增容剂的种类及含量，引发剂的种类，PA6的粘度，ABS的牌号及改性剂的含量对PA6／ABS／PC合金性能的影响。结果表明，采用1．0％－1．2％的ABS-g-MAH,30%的相对粘度2．8－3．0的PA6，40％的1300型PC，28％的ABS及0．5％的改性剂制得的PA6／ABS／PC合金优于日本孟山都公司的PA6／ABS合金。     

聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸丁酯/丙烯酸钠)离聚体胶粘剂的合成研究

以过硫酸钾为引发剂，十二烷基硫酸钠为乳化剂，合成了稳定的聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯／丙烯酸丁酯／丙烯酸钠）离聚体乳液，并考察了引发剂用量、乳化剂用量、丙烯酸钠用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对单体转化率、离聚体力学性能的影响。     

HIPS-g-PMMA的合成及其在HIPS/PVC共混体系中的增容作用

采用自由基引发的溶液聚合法合成了高抗冲聚苯乙烯接枝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(HIPS-g-PMMA)增容剂，考察了引发剂用量、反应温度及反应时间对增容剂的接枝率及支链摩尔质量的影响；同时对增容剂对HIPS／PVC共混体系的增容效果作了考察。结果表明：最佳反应条件是反应温度80℃，反应时间4h，引发剂用量以0．2～0．25g为宜；增容剂HIPS-g-PMMA对HIPS／PVC共混体系表现出较好的增容效果，共混物的拉伸强度、屈服强度及断裂伸长率明显增加，冲击强度增大，电镜照片显示两相界面变得更加模糊。     

NBR/PP接枝体交联体系的研究

以MP（马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯）作为NBR／PP弹性体的增容体系,采用3种引发体系：BPO为引发剂,DCP为引发剂和没有引发剂研究对接枝反应的影响,还对不同橡塑比及3种不同的硫化体系,DCP体系,酚醛树脂体系及硫黄体系对NBR／PP共混体系的影响进行了探讨,通过DSC,TEM对产品的亚微观结构进行了验证。     

CR/MMA/AA接枝胶粘剂的研究

本文研究了CR与MMA的配比、引发剂的用量、反应温度和反应时间对CR／MMA／AA接枝聚合反应的影响，运用正交设计总结出了最佳反应条件。     

核/壳苯丙乳液的合成

采用预乳化工艺和种子乳液聚合技术合成了具有核／壳结构的苯丙乳液，研究了引发剂种类、乳化剂用量及两阶段用量等对苯丙核／壳乳液合成的影响。得到了聚合过程稳定、综合性能好的核／壳型乳液。     

无皂丙烯酸树脂/SiO2纳米复合皮革涂饰剂的研究

以过硫酸钾为引发剂，丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯和丙烯酸甲酯为单体，并加入纳米二氧化硅粉体，采用无皂乳液聚合法制备丙烯酸树脂／SiO2纳米复合涂饰剂。研究单体配比、pH值、引发剂用量及温度对乳液性能和聚合物膜的物理机械性能的影响；采用红外光谱和透射电镜对无皂乳液和纳米复合涂饰剂进行检测，并对无皂乳液和纳米复合涂饰剂膜进行了DSC测试。     

AM-g-CMC/高岭土高吸水性复合材料研究

用硝酸铈铵作引发剂，通过水溶液聚合法制备了羧甲基纤维素接枝丙烯酰胺共聚物(AM-g-CMC)／高岭土高吸水性复合材料。研究了羧甲基纤维素与丙烯酰胺的配比，以及引发剂、交联剂、高岭土和皂化碱用量对复合材料吸水率的影响。用红外光谱表征复合材料的结构，用电子显微镜观察复合材料的形态。结果表明，制得的高吸水性复合材料吸蒸馏水达1182g／g，吸氯化钠水溶液(质量分数为0．9％)达92g／g，     

PBA/MMA-MAA核-壳型乳液聚合研究

本文以种子乳液聚合法制备了PBA／MMA－MAA核－壳型复合取合物乳液。讨论了复合聚合物时引发剂用量和补加乳化剂用量对聚合反应及乳胶粒及其分布的影响。结果表明，引发剂用量控制在0．2％（wt)，乳化剂用量在0．75％（wt)，可制得粒径分布较窄且性能良好的核－壳型聚合物乳液用于毛面剂中。     

Preparation and properties of poly(Nε,Nε-dicarboxymethyl-l-lysine)

A new ampholytic homopolypeptide, $\text{poly}\text{(N}{}^{\mathrm{\epsilon }}\text{,N}{}^{\mathrm{\epsilon }}\text{-}\text{dicarboxy-methyl-}\text{l}\text{-lysine}\text{)}$, which has one tertiary amino and two carboxyl groups in the side chain has been derived from a hydrochloride salt of poly(L-lysine). The polymer in aqueous solution seems to be in the coil form with locally extended structure (LES) at neutral pH. In both the acidic and alkaline regions, the molar ellipticity of the polymer changes as a result of change in net charge on the side chain. The conformational changes may be from the coil with LES to other coiled forms. 5–7 M NaClO₄ and 80% aqueous methanol induce the α-helix in the polymer at neutral pH. Divalent cations, Cu²⁺ and Ca²⁺, do not induce any remarkably ordered structures such as α-helix or β-structure in the polymer in aqueous solution at any pH. Ultraviolet absorption studies show an absorption peak of the polymer-Cu²⁺ complex near 240 nm. Dependence of the peak intensity on pH at various q values ($\text{q =}\text{[}\text{Cu}{}^{\mathrm{2+}}\text{]}\text{[}\text{residue}\text{]}$) indicates the two steps of the complex formation. At q less than 0.64, the formation is described only with the first step. An average coordination number for Cu²⁺ at the first step was calculated to be about 2 by the method of Mandel and Leyte. The association constant of Cu²⁺ with the residue at the step was determined from the absorption data to be far smaller than that for the Cu²⁺-EDTA complex. The second step of the formation occurs in the case of large q but the absorption data for the second step cannot be obtained exactly due to precipitation.     

Wet Milling of Fe/Al/Al2O3 and Fe2O3/Al/Al2O3 Powder Mixtures

Wet milling of Al₂O₃-aluminide alloy (3A) precursor powders in acetone has been investigated by milling Fe/Al/Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃/Al/Al₂O₃ powder mixtures. The influence of the milling process on the physical and chemical properties of the milled powders has been studied. Particle refinement and homogenization were found not to play a dominant role, whereas plastic deformation of the metal particles leads to the formation of dislocations and a highly disarranged polycrystalline structure. Although no chemical reactions among the powder components in Fe₂O₃/Al/Al₂O₃ powder mixtures were observed, the formation of a nanocrystalline, ordered intermetallic FeAl phase in Fe/Al/Al₂O₃ powder mixtures caused by mechanical alloying was detected. Chemical reactions of Fe and Al particle surfaces with the atmosphere and the milling media lead to the formation of highly porous hydroxides on the particle surfaces. Hence the specific surface area of the powders increases, while the powder density decreases during milling. The fraction of Fe oxidized during milling was determined to be 0.13. The fraction of Al oxidized during milling strongly depends on the metal content of the powder mixture. It ranges between 0.4 and 0.8.     

Participation of lewis base on vinyl chloride polymerization with Al(C2H5)3CCl4 catalyst system

The polymerization of vinyl chloride has been investigated using an $\text{Al}\text{(}\text{C}{}_2\text{H}{}_5\text{)}{}_3\text{CCl}{}_4$ catalyst system in the presence of various Lewis bases. Effective Lewis bases are γ-butyrolactone, diglyme and diethylenetriamine which are multidentate. The rate of polymerization is dependent not only on the basicity of the Lewis base used but also on a coordination number of one. The latter is the predominant factor. For the effect of polymeric amines, a tentative hypothesis is discussed.     

Sintering of Si3N4-Y2O3-Al2O3

Sintering kinetics of the system Si₃N4-Y2O₃-Al₂O3 were determined from measurements of the linear shrinkage of pressed disks sintered isothermally at 1500° to 1700°C. Amorphous and crystalline Si₃N₄ were studied with additions of 4 to 17 wt% Y₂O₃ and 4 wt% A1₂O₃. Sintering occurs by a liquid-phase mechanism in which the kinetics exhibit the three stages predicted by Kingery's model. However, the rates during the second stage of the process are higher for all compositions than predicted by the model. X-ray data show the presence of several transient phases which, with sufficient heating, disappear leaving mixtures of β ' -Si₃N₄ and glass or β '-Si₃N₄, α '-Si₃N₄, and glass. The compositions and amounts of the residual glassy phases are estimated.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Ti0.33Ta0.33Nb0.33C and Ti0.33Ta0.33Nb0.33CxN1-x Whiskers

Ta_0.33Ti_0.33Nb_0.33C and Ta_0.33Ti_0.33Nb_0.33C _x N_{1− x} whiskers were synthesized via a carbothermal vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism in the temperature range 900°-1450°C in Ar or N₂. The optimum temperature was 1250°C. Whiskers were obtained in a yield of 70-90 vol%. The whiskers were 0.5–1 µm in diameter and 10–30 µm in length. The starting materials that produced the highest whisker yield were: TiO₂, Ta₂O₅, Nb₂O₅, C, Ni, and NaCl. C was added to reduce the oxides, and Ni to catalyze whisker growth. NaCl was used as a source of Cl for vapor-phase transportation of Ta and Nb oxochlorides and Ti chlorides to the catalyst. The catalyst metal was recycled several times during the synthesis and was transported as NiCl₂( g ) according to thermodynamic calculations. The rate of formation and the chemical composition of the whiskers depended on the synthesis temperature, the choice of catalyst, and the atmosphere. At low temperatures, the whiskers were enriched in Nb and Ta, whereas the Ti content increased with increased synthesis temperature.