综放沿空留巷顶板活动规律的模拟分析

采用相似材料模拟和计算机数值模拟,对沿空留巷老顶破断位置与形状、不同支护方式对顶板活动的影响以及相关的巷旁上技术和进行了初步分析。模拟结果表明,采用锚杆（索）网联合支护和人工筑构较充强度的巷旁充填体,有利于综合机构放顶煤开采沿空留巷顶板的稳定,并给对充填带宽度和充填材料抗压强度的最低要求。     

窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩大变形控制技术及应用

针对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷巷旁支护体参数不合理和围岩严重变形等问题,研究了不同巷旁支护体宽度、强度和充填率对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩变形破坏的影响。研究结果表明:充填体宽度、强度和充填率不同,对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩应力分布及变形有很大影响;充填体宽度、强度和充填率过低时充填体承载能力较小,沿空留巷围岩变形量较大;过高时顶板下沉量减小不明显,使成本增加;充填体宽度2 m,强度为30 MPa,充填率95%以上,可保证沿空留巷围岩稳定;提出的"巷内锚网索+巷旁充填柔模混凝土墙+单体柱+基本底注浆"联合支护技术,控制了沿空留巷围岩的大变形。工业性试验结果表明:沿空留巷顶底板移近量最大值600 mm,两帮移近量最大值为435 mm,分别是原方案变形量的55. 5%和51. 6%,沿空留巷围岩变形得到有效控制,能满足通风和安全生产的要求。     

沿空留巷巷旁充填体宽度计算与分析

采用沿空留巷技术是目前解决高瓦斯深井开采难题的关键技术,而充填体是沿空留巷围岩结构的一个重要组成部分,其稳定特性直接影响着巷道整体的稳定性,关系高瓦斯深井开采的成功与否。因此,确定合理的巷旁充填体宽度也成为沿空留巷成功的关键因素之一。本文以谢桥煤矿11426工作面沿空留巷为工程背景,采用理论计算和数值模拟相结合的方法分析了巷旁充填体宽度对巷道围岩受力规律的影响,为今后类似工程提供技术依据。     

晋城矿区9号煤沿空留巷试验研究

结合具体条件进行了巷旁充填支护参数设计 ,在矿压观测基础上 ,分析了留巷围岩变形及充填体载荷特征 ,把高水速凝充填材料沿空留巷与炮掘及综掘成巷方法进行经济对比 ,结果表明 ,该留巷方法有明显技术和经济优势 ,在晋城矿区 9号煤中有很好推广应用价值 .     

晋城矿区9号煤沿空留巷试验研究

结合具体条件进行了巷旁充填支护参数设计 ,在矿压观测基础上,分析了留巷围岩变形及充填体载荷特征,把高水速凝充填材料沿空留巷与炮掘及综掘成巷方法进行经济对比,结果表明,该留巷方法有明显技术和经济优势, 在晋城矿区9号煤中有很好推广应用价值.     

综放巷内充填沿空留巷工业试验

针对常村煤矿S2-6综放工作面采用传统技术沿空留巷的难点，进行了巷内充填沿空留巷工业试验．试验分三步进行：第一步，对原巷采用锚梁网索联合支护实施加固，撤掉梯形架棚；第二步，在已加固巷道下一工作面侧煤壁，实施扩帮锚网支护；第三步，在原巷位置实施巷内充填，并加固充填体．结合高水速凝充填材料的性能，通过建立合理的综放沿空留巷的围岩结构力学模型和充填工艺设计，井下工业试验达到了预期效果，留巷断面稳定后超过10m^2．证明了在巷内基本支护为梯形金属支架的巷道中进行综放沿空留巷的可行性，并作了经济效益评价．在此基础上提出了综放巷内充填沿空留巷新技术．     

沿空留巷巷旁充填体主要参数研究

在现场实践的基础上,本文对高水灰渣巷旁充填体的作用机理进行研究,由此得到求解巷旁充填体力学参数的力学模型和计算公式,计算所得结果与现场实测所得结果基本一致,为沿空留巷巷旁支护设计提供了依据。     

巷旁充填沿空留巷技术研究

本文通过转Ⅳ喷射机组成的风力充填系统输送矸石-水泥胶凝混合料的巷旁充填研究，介绍了该技术在沿空留巷中应用及效果，并对改进提出了建议。     

综放沿空留巷充填体稳定性控制

基于综放沿空留巷的矿压模型,计算出充填体稳定所需的强度和能适应的变形量,并以此选出充填材料及其水灰比．为提高充填体的整体支护强度和抗变形能力,重点阐述了空间锚栓加固网技术及其对充填体稳定性的控制效果,为缩放大断面沿空留巷技术的成功试验莫定了坚实基础。     

放顶煤开采沿空留巷围岩移动规律及变形特征

运用适于分析岩层断裂和垮落的数值模拟软件UDEC建立了相应的模型，分析了综放沿空留巷围岩应力和位移的演变过程、围岩移动的特征，阐述了巷道和充填体上方顶煤的位移及其与上覆岩层破断之间的关系，为沿空留巷充填体参数选择提供科学依据．     

Soft–strong supporting mechanism of gob-side entry retaining in deep coal seams threatened by rockburst

When gob-side entry retaining is implemented in deep coal seams threatened by rockburst, the cement-based supporting body beside roadway will bear greater roof pressure and strong impact load. Then the supporting body may easily deform and fail because of its low strength in the early stage. This paper established the roadside support mechanical model of gob-side entry retaining. Based on this model, we proposed and used the soft–strong supporting body as roadside support in the gob-side entry retaining. In the early stage of roof movement, the soft–strong supporting body has a better compressibility, which can not only relieve roof pressure and strong impact load, but also reduce the supporting resistance and prevent the supporting body from being crushed. In the later stage, with the increase of the strength of the supporting body, it can better support the overlying roof. The numerical simulation results and industrial test show that the soft–strong supporting body as roadside support can be better applied into the gob-side entry retaining in deep coal seams threatened by rockburst.     

深部沿空切顶成巷围岩稳定性控制对策

基于沿空切顶成巷技术原理,以城郊煤矿深部工作面无煤柱开采为背景,综合运用力学分析﹑模拟计算和现场试验等方法,对深部切顶成巷围岩控制关键对策进行深入研究。结果显示：切顶留巷顶板在侧向形成短臂梁结构,降低了巷旁支护体所受压力,切缝范围内岩层垮落后碎胀充填采空区,使留巷顶板下沉量降低了约50%。采空区侧顶板为切顶巷道围岩变形的关键部位,需进行加强支护;深部切顶巷道实体煤帮塑性区范围大,通过煤帮锚索支护技术可将浅部锚杆承载层锚固在弹性区稳定煤体中;深部切顶成巷来压速度快、强度大,巷内单体支柱易造成冲击破断,采用高阻力液压支架巷内临时支护时可较好地抵抗深部强动压;巷旁刚性挡矸装置因无法适应深部围岩大变形而受压弯曲破坏,深部切顶巷道巷旁挡矸结构需实现一定的竖向让位卸压方可与顶底板协调变形。在研究的基础上提出恒阻锚索关键部位支护+可缩性U型钢柔性让位挡矸+巷内液压支架临时支护+实体煤帮锚索补强的深部切顶成巷联合支护技术,并进行现场工业性试验。现场监测结果表明：留巷围岩在滞后工作面约290 m时基本稳定,且稳定后各项指标满足下一工作面使用要求。     

松软煤层回风平巷高强U钢支护数值模拟研究

依据永煤集团主焦矿软弱底板的典型地质条件,采用FLAC3D数值模拟的方法研究巷道U29高强度型钢支护下围岩的稳定性,通过与锚喷支护作对照研究,分析得出其应力、位移、塑性区等的变化规律．对U29型铜支护方式进行现场工业性试验,随巷道掘进布置测站,定期监测围岩变形情况及支架的受力状态．结果表明,U29型高强度型钢支架能有效控制围岩变形破坏,支架结构稳定可靠,为保证煤巷的稳定及选择合理的支护形式提供了理论和现场依据．     

Control mechanism and technique of floor heave with reinforcing solid coal side and floor corner in gob-side coal entry retaining

Floor heave is the most common convergence in gob-side entry retaining. The paper analyzes the form, process and characteristics of gob-side entry retaining with the comprehensive methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and the field trial. Research results present that bending and folding floor heave is the main factor in the stage of the first panel mining; squeezing and fluidity floor heave plays a great role in the stable stage of gob-side entry retaining; the combination of the former two factors affects mainly the stage of the second mining ahead; abutment pressure is a fundamental contribution to the serious floor heave of gob-side entry retaining, and sides corners of solid coal body are key part in the case of floor heave controlling of gob-side entry retaining. Floor heave of gob-side entry retaining can be significantly controlled by reinforcing sides and corners of solid coal body, and influence rules on the floor heave of gob side entry retaining of sides supporting strength and the bottom bolt orientation in solid coal side are obtained. Research results have been successfully applied in gob-side entry retaining of G20-F23070 face haulage roadway in #2 coal mine of Pingmei Group, and the field observation shows that the proposed technique is an effective way in controlling the floor heave of gob-side entry retaining.     

Stability study on naturally filling body in gob-side entry retaining

In the construction of the filling gob-side entry retaining in a lane, we utilize the self-slide natural phenomenon of a falling gangue in an inclined coal seam goaf. First, we put the falling gangue of goaf above the laneway and made it the main filling material by adopting the measurement of flexible supporting system combined with those of rigid supporting system. Then we made the filling material gunited and solidified to maintain the filling goal of the gob-side entry retaining beside the lane. Considering the law of energy conservation and law of pressure distribution for retaining the active and static soil of the wall, we analyzed the reliability of a gangue blocking facilities and the stability of the filling material in the lane. We analyze the figures to see the stability. The result shows that the gangue block supporting system is reliable, and has been successfully practically applied.     

近距离煤层群首采保护层工作面瓦斯综合治理技术研究

瓦斯治理仍是世界性难题。本文针对赤峪煤矿近距离高瓦斯煤层群首采保护层C0202工作面瓦斯治理问题,提出了沿空留巷Y型通风配合本煤层顺层钻孔、两巷底板穿层钻孔、顶抽巷高位穿层钻孔、采空区埋管的＂五措并举＂治理措施,实现了工作面成功连续留巷200m,瓦斯抽采率高达70%,回风流瓦斯浓度控制在0.4%左右的效果,保证了工作面的安全高效开采。该研究成果可为赋存条件相似的煤层群开采瓦斯治理提供借鉴。     

Spontaneous caving and gob-side entry retaining of thin seam with large inclined angle

Based on the research method of combining simulation analysis with field testing by distinct element process UDEC, we have analyzed the roof deformation and failure laws and roadway support technology of gob-side entry retaining in a thin seam with a large inclined angle. The results show that during exploitation in seams with large inclined angle, rotational subsidence of the main roof under the gob area is small and can maintain balance, so there is no need to provide artificial permanent support resistance for the main roof near the upper side to control rotational subsidence. Obstructed by the dense scrap rail, waste rock from the immediate roof caving slides from the upper gob area to the lower area and fills it, which strikes a balance between the immediate roof under the goaf after it fractures into large pieces and filling waste rocks.     

Analysis and application in controlling surrounding rock of support reinforced roadway in gob-side entry with fully mechanized mining

In order to optimize gob-side entry in fully-mechanized working face in moderate-thick-coal seams,we adopt a new attempt to pack roadside by pumping ordinary concrete,which is very important for the development of gob-side entry technology.The concrete has a long initial setting time and a low initial strength.So it is difficult to control the surrounding rock.In this paper,we analyze the effect of using roadside cable to reinforce supporting in gob-side entry surrounding rock controlling based on elastic-plastic and material mechanics knowledge.And then we propose a scheme that cable is used to reinforce roadside supporting and a single hydraulic prop is used as the temporary supporting in gob side.Using the numerical simulation software FLAC2D,we numerically simulated supporting scheme.Results of both the 2D modeling and the industrial test on No.3117 face in Jingang Mine prove that the scheme is feasible.The results show that the technology of protecting the roadway in gob-entry retained efficiently make up the deficiency of roadside packing with ordinary concrete,effectively control the roof strata and acquire a good result of retaining roadway.     

无煤柱分阶段沿空留巷煤与瓦斯共采方法与应用

针对深井高瓦斯低透气性煤层群的典型赋存特征,结合淮南矿区千米深井无煤柱煤与瓦斯工程实践,提出了改进Y型通风模式,即分阶段沿空留巷方法,完善了对共采工程的维控预应力锚固技术.工程实践表明:预应力锚固技术可以实现深井强动压开采过程中对沿空留巷和回风巷道围岩稳定的有效维控,至第1阶段结束,留巷顶板下沉量为144mm,两帮移近量为351mm,分阶段沿空留巷对共采巷道的维护时间缩短了4/5.减少了留巷变形速度稳定后累计变形的不利影响.超前工作面布置的瓦斯抽采工程中,单孔抽采瓦斯浓度(体积分数)达到40%,实现了煤与瓦斯共采.     

综放面底板采动应力场的矿压显现规律

综采放顶煤开采一次采出厚度与覆岩运动范围成倍增加,采动应力大．以井下实测资料为依据,研究了综放面底板采动应力场对跨采巷道的作用,揭示了综放面底板采动应力场的基本特征及其跨采巷道矿山压力显现规律．