窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形影响因素及非对称支护技术研究

为确定窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形影响因素和围岩控制方案,以晋能控股集团煤业集团有限公司隆博煤业有限公司8507工作面回风巷为工程背景,基于正交试验和FLAC3D数值模拟试验对沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形影响因素、不同条件下巷道围岩变形特征、4～10 m不同宽度煤柱的塑形区破坏范围、巷道围岩应力分布和顶板位移特征进行研究.结果表明:在煤柱宽度、煤体内聚力、煤体内摩擦角、直接顶厚度和顶板强度5种影响因素中,煤柱宽度对巷道围岩变形影响最显著;随煤柱宽度增加,巷道围岩塑性区破坏和变形主要表现在窄煤柱帮、顶板、底板和实体煤侧等部位,塑性区范围变化较小;合理的煤柱留设宽度为8m;巷道围岩变形为非对称性变形,煤柱侧巷道顶板和帮部变形显著大于工作面开采侧的.根据窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形特征,提出"顶板和两帮锚网索+钢带、窄煤柱帮贴帮槽钢梁+注浆加固补强"的非对称支护方案.现场工业性试验结果表明,煤柱留设宽度和支护方案合理,巷道变形后能够满足工作面开采需要.研究结果可为类似地质条件下窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩控制提供参考依据.     

背压力对连杆裂解加工的影响规律

建立了捷达轿车连杆裂解加工的有限元模型,分析了背压力对连杆裂解加工质量的影响规律。结果表明,裂解力随背压力的增加而增加,二者近似呈线性关系;断口塑性区宽度随背压力的增大而减小,当背压力大于20 kN时,塑性区宽度减小缓慢;随着背压力的增加,大头孔变形量增大,当背压力小于25 kN时,大头孔变形量在允许范围内。     

一个铝板带轧制变形区三维应力模型

根据塑性流动理论建立了铝板带轧制变形区三维应力模型，应用数值方法计算了变形区的应力，分析了变形区的压力变化规律，并和西别尔的实验进行比较，结果定性一致。     

钢材轧制应力状态系数与变形区形状参数分析

对塑性方程变化形式进行讨论分析，用中间主应力影响系数代替公式中的轧件宽度影响系数，并给出二者的关系，进一步讨论说明四种变形区形状参数之间无本质差别，可以互换。     

大采深条带开采宽度确定方法研究

在建筑物下开采深部压煤通常采用条带开采法控制地表移动变形量,条带开采工作面倾斜方向容易形成极不充分工作面,结合某煤矿建筑物下深部压煤条带开采试验,深入研究和探索深部条带开采采宽和留宽确定方法及其协调关系,并与下沉系数法、压力拱计算值法相比较,得出该煤矿条带开采的参数,试验结果表明,极不充分开采法确定开采宽度对于条带开采设计是十分有效的,能有效地控制地表移动和变形程度.本方法对于指导相似地质条件下开采建筑物下压滞的大量煤炭具有较大的实用价值和指导意义.     

线性软化土体中球孔扩张问题的解析解

采用三折线线性软化模型描述了土体应力－应变关系，以Mohr-Coulomb为屈服准则，同时考虑塑性区弹性变形、土体剪胀以及土体软化的特性，推导了孔扩张后孔周各个区域的应力、应变及位移解析解，讨论了剪胀角、应变软化系数、是否考虑塑性区弹性变形对解答结果的影响.结果表明，最终扩张压力、塑性区半径都随剪胀角的增大而增大；软化系数对塑性区半径影响很小，但对最终扩张压力影响较大，随着软化系数的增大，最终扩张压力增大；考虑塑性区弹性变形对扩张问题解答的影响随扩张半径的增大越趋明显；考虑塑性区的弹性变形，最终扩孔压力偏小.     

弹塑脆性岩土材料中球形孔大应变扩张分析

在应力跌落模型基础上引进软化阈值,建立弹塑脆性模型,模拟岩土材料的脆性软化特性,采用双剪统一强度理论和不相关联流动法则,考虑软化区的大应变,对球形孔扩张问题进行求解,得出了扩张-压力的解析表达式。通过算例分析,得出软化阈值对扩张变形和塑性区范围影响显著,软化阈值越小,扩张变形和塑性区范围越大,且软化区占整个塑性区的比重越大;考虑中间主应力对屈服的影响与否,对解答也有明显的影响。     

感应加热小半径弯管的理论与实验研究

分析和讨论了感应加热小半径弯管符合塑性大变形条件的成型机理，对局部热变形区的应力应变分布和受力条件进行了系统的分析，建立了相应的力学模型，并利用数值分析方法进行了计算，从而得到了感应加热小半径弯管的成型理论。     

M—B弹塑性接触模型的修正

根据Wang的观点，将M-B弹塑性接触模型中的完全弹性、完全塑性两种变形形式，转变为完全弹性、弹塑性和完全塑性三种变形形式，得到了M-B模型的修正模型，仿真结果表明，对于载菏与接触面积关系的分析和预测，低载菏下采用原M-B模型、中等载菏下采用本文作者修正模型，而高载菏下采用G-W模型较为合适。     

感应加热小半径弯管的理论与实验研究

分析和讨论了感应加热小半径弯管符合塑性大变形条件的成型机理，对局部热变形区的应力应变分布和受力条件进行了系统的分析，建立了相应的力学模型，并利用数值分析方法进行了计算，从而得到了感应加热小半径弯管的成型理论。     

Elasto-plastic analysis of crack in metallic foams

To determine the solutions of the well-known problem of a finite width strip with single edge crack,some results on elasto-plastic fracture analysis for metallic foams are reported.Meanwhile,in order to discuss and put an insight into the nonlinear fracture analysis,the Dugdale model for plastic deformation of this configuration for metallic foams is recommended and solved.Combining the asymptotic solution with the Dugdale model and elastic solution,the stress field in the plastic zone and the size of the plastic zone are expressed as analytical forms.Based on Williams expansion method,the estimate of the scale factor is also completed and analyzed.In view of these analytical solutions,the results show the scale factor is a useful parameter for the fracture theory of metallic foams.     

Layout and support technology of entry for pillar face

In order to improve the recovery rate of coal, some mines have begun to recover the residual protective pillars in the form of short wall faces. However, it is difficult to control stability of the haulage entry and the ventilating entry under the mining influences of the pillar face and the two side faces. Thus the 4311 face, which was designed to recover the 57 m wide residual protective pillar in Guojiashan Coal Mine,was taken as engineering background. Distribution law of stress and plastic zone in the residual protective pillar was analyzed using the numerical simulation. Then the gob-side entry driving technology was proposed to layout the entries for the pillar face. Based on the analysis of stress distribution and deformation characteristics of surrounding rocks in gob-side entry driving with different width of narrow pillars, the width of the narrow pillar of the entries in the 4311 face was decided to be 4 m. In order to control stability of the gob-side entry driving, the mechanical model of the main roof was established and deformation characteristic of surrounding rock was analyzed. Then the bolt support technology with high strength and high pre-tightening force was proposed for entry support. Especially, the hydraulic expansion bolts were used to support the narrow pillar rib. The engineering results show that the width of the narrow pillar is reasonable and the entry support technology is effective. The research achievement can provide some references to pillar recovery for other coal mines.     

热连轧精轧宽度控制技术的研究及应用

在热轧带钢其他尺寸精度普遍较高的情况下,宽度控制精度的提升变得越来越重要。提出了一种新的精轧带钢宽度控制综合解决方案：针对带钢头部宽度控制,开发精轧机架冲击速降自学习模型,以减少带钢头部拉窄现象;通过合理配置精轧活套张力稳定因子,减少带钢中部宽度波动现象;通过精轧宽度反馈控制和宽展预测模型修正功能,提高带钢全长宽度精度。相关研究成果已成功应用于宝钢集团某热轧产线三电自主集成改造项目中,改造后带钢宽度控制精度得到显著提高。     

Lubrication in strip cold rolling process

A lubrication model was developed for explaining how to form an oil film in the deformation zone, predicting the film thickness and determining the characteristics of lubrication in the strip rolling process, combined with the knowledge of hydrodynamic lubrication and rolling theories. Various mineral oils with viscosities from 0.032 to 1.6 Pa.s were used to obtain different film thicknesses in the strip cold rolling. Results from the experiment and calculation show that the oil film forming in hydrodynamic lubrication is up to the bit angle and a higher rolling speed or a higher rolling oil viscosity. The mechanism of mechanical entrainment always affects the film thickness that increases with the rolling oil viscosity increasing or the reduction rate decreasing in rolling.     

地下水工隧洞围岩及钢筋混凝土岔管结构数值分析

随着高山峡谷地区大型水电工程的兴建,深埋地下水工隧洞的围岩稳定和内外水压力作用下衬砌应力变形等成为重点关注问题。从围岩开挖支护、围岩衬砌相互作用和钢筋混凝土有限元模拟等方面建立钢筋混凝土岔管段数值分析模型,以蒲石河抽水蓄能电站尾水岔管为例,分析了围岩的应力、变形问题以及混凝土岔管结构配筋和配筋后应力、裂缝开展等问题。围岩分析计算结果表明：在主、岔洞交叉处会产生拉应力,塑性区开展较深,同时主洞靠近岔洞侧和尾水支洞的两侧岩体塑性区也有较大的开展。岔管结构分析计算结果表明：正常运行工况在内水压力作用下岔管结构大部分区域存在拉应力,裂缝较大;检修工况在外水压力作用下仅在主、岔管交叉处存在拉应力区,裂缝较小。     

Stability control of surrounding rocks for a coal roadway in a deep tectonic region简

In order to effectively control the deformation and failure of surrounding rocks in a coal roadway in a deep tectonic region, the deformation and failure mechanism and stability control mechanism were studied. With such methods as numerical simulation and field testing, the distribution law of the displacement, stress and plastic zone in the surrounding rocks was analyzed. The deformation and failure mechanisms of coal roadways in deep tectonic areas were revealed: under high tectonic stress, two sides will slide along the roof or floor; while the plastic zone of the two sides will extend along the roof or floor, leading to more serious deformation and failure in the corner of two sides and the bolt supporting the corners is readily cut off by the shear force or tension force. Aimed at controlling the large slippage deformation of the two sides, serious deformation and failure in the corners of the two sides and massive bolt breakage, a “controlling and yielding coupling support” control technology is proposed. Firstly, bolts which do not pass through the bedding plane should be used in the corners of the roadway, allowing the two sides to have some degree of sliding to achieve the purpose of “yielding” support, and which avoid breakage of the bolts in the corner. After yielding support, bolts in the corner of the roadway and which pass through the bedding plane should be used to control the deformation and failure of the coal in the corner. “Controlling and yielding coupling support” technology has been successfully applied in engineering practice, and the stability of deep coal roadway has been greatly improved.     

Numerical simulation research on dynamical variation of permeability of coal around roadway based on gas-solid coupling model for gassy coal

Due to the change of initial stress state caused by roadway excavation, the permeability of the coal body may be changed during the excavation process. In this paper, according to the different stress states, the coal around the roadway was divided into the seepage open zone, seepage orientation zone, seepage decay zone and original seepage zone along the radial direction of the roadway. The loaded gassy coal was treated as a viscoelastic and plastic softened medium, and the mechanical behaviors of the viscoelastic zone, plastic softened zone and broken zone around the roadway were analyzed with the consideration of the loading creep, softening and expansion effect of the gassy coal. According to the law of conservation of mass and the Darcy law, the flow-solid coupled model for the gas transportation of the coal around the roadway was established considering the dynamic evolution of the adsorption characteristics, porosity and permeability of the coal, and the simulation software COMSOL was utilized to numerically simulate the stress state and gas flow regularity around the coal, which provided meaningful reference for investigating the stability of the coal and rock around the roadway.     

Rolling force prediction for strip casting using theoretical model and artificial intelligence

Rolling force for strip casting of 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel was predicted using theoretical model and artificial intelligence. Solution zone was classified into two parts by kiss point position during casting strip. Navier-Stokes equation in fluid mechanics and stream function were introduced to analyze the rheological property of liquid zone and mushy zone, and deduce the analytic equation of unit compression stress distribution. The traditional hot rolling model was still used in the solid zone. Neural networks based on feedforward training algorithm in Bayesian regularization were introduced to build model for kiss point position. The results show that calculation accuracy for verification data of 94.67% is in the range of ±7.0%, which indicates that the predicting accuracy of this model is very high.     

Control over Surrounding Rocks Deformation of Soft Floor and Whole-Coal Gateways with Trapezoidal Supports

In Gengcun Colliery, Yima Coal Group Co. Ltd.the characteristics of the gateways of thick coal seam and the coal seam is with fully mechanized sublevel caving mining are that the thickness of roof coal seam of gateways is larger, their surrounding rocks are the whole-coal mass and the coal seam is prone to Spontaneous Combustion. With the natural equilibrium arch theory, the reasonable adjacent distance of No. 11 mine-type metal supports was calculated in trapezoidal gateways based on these characteristics. Then, in-situ supporting experiments were carried out. There sults indicate that under the action of virgin rock stress, the width of broken rocks zone of surrounding rocks is 1.7-2.0m in return heading and 1.1-1.3 m in going headway. And their surrounding rocks belong to the Ⅳ-type soften rock and the Ⅲ-type common surrounding rock respectively. Therefore, under the movable abutment pressure, the gateways deformation is serious. It is suggested that the designed gateways have to use pre-broadened cross section to suit their deformation. At the same time, the accumulated water on gateway floor must be drained in time. These measures weretaken in the 1302 and 1304 coal faces in Gengcun Colliery, and the satisfactory results have been obtained.