Oxidation behavior of niobized TiA1 by plasma surface alloying

Plasma surface alloying of element Nb in TiM-based alloys and the oxidation behavior were studied. The composition and microstructure of the surface alloyed layers were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results indicate that the diffusion layers are formed on the TiAl substrate during the plasma niobizing process. The result from oxidation resistance investigation shows that plasma niobizing greatly improves the oxidation resistance of TiAl compared with the untreated TiAI. The role of element Nb for improving the oxida-tion resistance is considered to be achieved by strengthening the activity of Al, which is induced by the plasma niobizing process.     

T91钢高温空气氧化动力学的研究

为了研究T91钢高温空气氧化动力学,对其氧化层形貌进行了观察,利用X-Ray物相分析仪测试了氧化层的物相结构,利用热天平连续称重法对T91钢高温空气氧化速率进行研究.结果表明：T91钢高温空气氧化的动力学曲线符合对数规律,氧化速度低于1级完全抗氧化性的标准;氧化层由无晶界非晶体内层和细等轴晶与粗柱状晶的中层和外层组成,氧化层表层主要由Fe2O3构成.     

Friction and Wear Behavior of Modified Layer Prepared on Ti-13Nb-13Zr Alloy by Magnetron Sputtering and Plasma Nitriding

Two kinds nitride modified layers were obtained on Ti-13Nb-13 Zr surface to improve the wear property via magnetron sputtering and plasma nitriding techniques, respectively. The structures of the modified layer and the worn surface after sliding test were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The friction and wear behavior of the modified layer against alumina ball was investigated in the absence of lubricant under different loads(1 N and 2 N). The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that nitride layer is mainly composed of TiN and Ti_2N, while coating film consists of Ti N phase. Friction and wear test indicates that both modified layers can improve the wear resistance compared to untreated Ti-13Nb-13 Zr. Ti N thin film produces very hard surface, but may be easy to cause coating fracture and delamination under high normal load. However, nitride layer exhibits better wear performance. This is attributed to hard compound layer maintained its integrity with the hardened nitrogen diffusion zone during friction and wear process.     

羊毛低温等离子体处理后的染色性能研究

采用低温氧等离子体技术处理羊毛，通过X射线光电子能谱仪分析了处理前后纤维表面元素组成，探讨了经氧等离子体分别处理1、3、5、10和15min后，羊毛的润湿性和染色性能的变化。结果表明，低温氧等离子体处理使羊毛纤维表层的大分子链断裂，并有新的含氧的极性基团形成，增加了纤维表面的亲水性，润湿时间显著缩短；此外，低温氧等离子体处理导致鳞片表层胱氨酸的部分二硫键氧化断裂，羊毛纤维染色寝壁障被破坏，改善了染色性能，表现为上染速率和染色扩散系数提高及染色平衡时间缩短，但未观察到纤维对染料吸附性能的变化。     

可见光辐照下三维N-TiO2/Ti网状光催化体系降解DMP

为在可见光LEDs(visible light LEDs,vis-LEDs)辐照下实现邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(Dimethyl phthalate,DMP)的有效去除,通过向电解液中加入尿素的一步阳极氧化法在钛网表面制备N-TiO_2/Ti网状光催化剂,并将N-TiO_2/Ti网以多层叠加的方式布置于反应器内对DMP进行降解.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、能量色散X射线光谱、X射线衍射光谱、X射线光电子能谱以及紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱等分析方法对N-TiO_2/Ti网进行表征.结果显示:N元素主要以取代氮形态参与到晶格构成中,且未引起TiO_2纳米管的表面形貌和晶型结构改变;由Tauc/David-Mott公式计算得N-TiO_2/Ti网的禁带宽度约为2.76 eV,吸收带边红移至449 nm,可见光吸收性能明显增强.N-TiO_2/Ti板等价拉伸成3层叠加的N-TiO_2/Ti网后,DMP的降解率提高了7.5%;当叠加5层N-TiO_2/Ti网时,降解率趋于稳定,相比N-TiO_2/Ti板对DMP的降解率提升了25.7%;偏酸或偏碱性条件下,均有利于DMP的降解;外加H_2O_2可以明显促进DMP的降解,但H_2O_2在单独使用以及可见光辐照下均无法实现对DMP的有效降解.     

氧化时间对钛合金微弧氧化膜层的影响

为增强钛合金的生物活性,选用磷酸盐为电解液的主配方,对钛合金进行微弧氧化表面处理,研究氧化时间对微弧氧化膜层的影响,其中包括氧化过程中电解液中钛离子浓度的变化,并借助XRD,SEM等手段对膜层进行物相及表面形貌的分析。结果表明:在微弧氧化过程中,钛合金基体中的钛离子溶解到电解液中;随着氧化时间的增加,电解液中的钛离子浓度也随之增加,氧化膜层为金红石和锐钛矿的混合晶相;但随着氧化时间的增加,氧化膜层中的金红石型晶相逐渐减少直至消失,表面形貌出现孔径不均匀,粗糙度变大等现象。     

激光重熔制备TA1表面Ni/Al复合抗高温氧化涂层

为了提高纯钛的高温抗氧化性能,采用电弧喷涂和等离子喷涂方法在纯钛表面制备Ni/Al复合涂层.利用激光重熔使得Ni层与Al层发生冶金反应,对试件进行800℃×40 h连续氧化.根据生成的金属间化合物特征研究纯钛的高温抗氧化行为.结果表明,经过表面改性处理后Ni/Al复合涂层可以显著提高纯钛的高温抗氧化性能.在激光重熔过程中Ni/Al复合涂层中的Al发生熔化扩散并与Ni形成以Ni_2Al_3相为主的扩散层.在氧化过程中Ni/Al复合涂层表面形成连续且致密的α-Al_2O_3氧化膜与大量NiAl相,表面扩散层中的富铝相可为表面提供充足的Al元素,进而对纯钛基体提供有效的高温抗氧化保护作用.     

AZ91压铸镁合金在六偏磷酸盐体系中的微弧氧化工艺

采用六偏磷酸盐体系在AZ91压铸镁合金表面制备了一系列微弧氧化膜层。研究了(NaPO3)6和NaOH质量浓度、电流密度以及氧化时间对微弧氧化膜生长规律的影响,并通过扫描电镜、中性盐雾试验等方法研究了微弧氧化膜层形貌特征及耐蚀性能。结果表明:本试验所制备的微弧氧化膜层的耐蚀性属于尚耐蚀和可用等级,与基体合金相比有大幅度提高。采用六偏磷酸盐体系在AZ91压铸镁合金表面制备耐蚀性微弧氧化膜的最佳工艺参数如下:(NaPO3)6质量浓度为2 g/L,NaOH质量浓度为6 g/L,电流密度为6 A/dm2,氧化时间为10m in。     

Surface characteristics and structure of oxide films containing Ca and P on Ti substrate

The oxide films were obtained in an electrolyte of calcium glyeerphosphate (Ca-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) by mieroare oxidation (MAO). The oxide films displayed a porous and rough structure on the film surface, and the roughness tended to increase with inereasing voltage of mieroare oxidation. The oxide film exhibited a uniform coating and tends to be well boned to the substrate. The thiekness of oxide films depended on the final voltage at a eonstant concentration of eleetrolyte solution. Ca and P were also incorporated into the oxide film during the mieroarc oxidation process, It was found that the electrolyte of ealeium glyeerphosphate ( Ca-GP) and ealeium acetate (CA) was suitable for microarc oxidation to form oxide film eontaining Ca and P on Ti substrate. The eoneentration of Ca and P were 11.6 at% and 6. 4 at% , respectively, when microare oxidation was performed in the electrolyte of 0. 06 M Ca-GP and 0. 25 M CA at current density 50 A/m^2 and final voltage 350 V. The composition of the Ca, P and Ti changed during depth profiling. The crystalline phases were only anatase when final voltage was below 300 V and rutile was presented when voltage was up to 350V. The microstructure, phase structure and phase composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , atomic foree microscope (AFM) , energy dispersive X-ray mieroanalyser (EDX) , and X-ray diffraction (XRD),     

氮化SiO_2超薄层的特性研究

在Si衬底表面,利用高温氧化获得了厚度小于0nm的SiO2超薄层,经过进一步的快速热氮化制备出氯化SiO2超薄层通过光电子能谱（XPS）和表面荷电能谱（SCS）的测试分析,研究了氮化SiO2超薄层中N的分布以及SiO2超薄层／Si界面态密度（Dit）的变化,结果表明：快速热氨化引入的大部分N积聚在SiO2／Si的界面附近,能够用一个双层氮化模型解释;快速热氨化使得Dit变小．同时,还发现较小的Dit对应较大的击穿场强．     

Structure and corrosion behaviours of Mo modified titanium in saliva

The Mo surface modified layer on titanium was obtained by the plasma surface alloying technique. The structure and composition of the Mo modified titanium were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES). The Mo modified layer contains Mo coating on subsurface and diffusion layers between the subsurface and substrate. The X- ray diffraction analysis of the Mo modified titanium reveals that the outmost surface of the Mo modified titanium is composed of pure Mo. The electrochemical corrosion performance of the Mo modified titanium in saliva was investigated and compared with that of titanium. The chemical corrosion performance of the Mo modified titanium in 37 °C saliva was investigated and compared with that of titanium. The experimental results indicated that self-corroding electric potentials and corrosion-rate of the Mo modified titanium were higher than that of titanium in saliva. Corrosion-rate of the Mo modified titanium was lower than that of titanium in 37 °C saliva.     

Preparation of the Supported Heteropolyacids Catalyst by Ultrasound-plasma Treatment

Novel catalysts of phosphotungstic heteropolyacids (PW1,2) supported on neutral alumina were prepared by assistance of ultrasound and plasma treatment. The prepared catalysts were characterized by FT-IR pyridine adsorption (Py-IR), temperature programmed desorption of Pyridine (Py-TPD), BET and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and their catalytic performances were evaluated by the cationic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran. The results indicate that plasma treatment remarkably increases the surface acidity of the prepared catalyst while ultrasonic treatment induces PW1,2 to uniformly disperse on the support surface and expose more active sites for the acid catalytic reaction. A higher catalytic activity (69.7%) is obtained on the novel catalyst, which significantly outstripped that on the conventional sample (57.5%).     

Preparation of the supported heteropolyacids catalyst by ultrasound-plasma treatment

Novel catalysts of phosphotungstic heteropolyacids （PW12） supported on neutral alumina were prepared by assistance of ultrasound and plasma treatment. The prepared catalysts were characterized by FT-IR pyridine adsorption （Py-IR）, temperature programmed desorption of Pyridine （Py-TPD）, BET and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and their catalytic performances were evaluated by the cationic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran. The results indicate that plasma treatment remarkably increases the surface acidity of the prepared catalyst while ultrasonic treatment induces PW12 to uniformly disperse on the support surface and expose more active sites for the acid catalytic reaction. A higher catalytic activity （69.7%） is obtained on the novel catalyst, which significantly outstripped that on the conventional sample （57.5%）.     

Effects of C,N-Codoped on the Corrosion Resistance of TiO_2 Films Prepared by Plasma Surface Alloying and Thermal Oxidation Duplex Process

C,N-codoped TiO 2 films have been deposited onto stainless steel substrates using plasma surface alloying and thermal oxidation duplex process.Composition analysis shows that the films shield the substrates entirely.The TiO 2 films are anatase in structure as characterized by X-ray diffraction.The electrochemical measurements show that the equilibrium corrosion potential positively shifts from-0.275 eV for bare stainless steel to-0.267 eV for C,N-codoped TiO 2 coated stainless steel,and the corrosion curren...     

Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of V Thin Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering at Room Temperature

Vanadium films were deposited on Si(100) substrates at room temperature by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering.The microstructure and surface morphology were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM).The oxidation resistance of films in air was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results showed that the amorphous vanadium film with a flatter surface had higher oxidation resistance than the crystalline film when exposed to atmosphere.The rapid formation of the thin oxide layer of amorphous vanadium film could protect the film from sustained oxidation,and the relative reasons were discussed.     

XPS study of the corrosion resisting composite alloying layer obtained by double glow plasma with the brush plating Ni interlayer

The Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu multi-element surface alloying with the electric brush plating Ni interlayer on the low carbon steel substrate has been investigated. By the electrochemical method in 3.5% (mass fraction) NaC1 solution, the corrosion resistance of the composite alloying layer and single alloying layer is determined. The experimental results show that the corrosion resistance of the composite alloying layer is obviously better than that of the single alloying layer. The structure and composition of passive films formed on the two kinds of alloyed layers after electrochemical tests in 3.5% NaC1 solution have been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is concluded that the double glow plasma surface alloying of low carbon steel with the electric brush plating Ni interlayer is an appropriate technique to enhance the corrosion resistance compared with the single double glow surface alloying.     

Fabrication and characterization of copper-diamond particles

The electroless copper deposition on both pure and Cr-coated diamond particles was studied to produce copper/diamond composites for electronic packaging materials. The particles were characterized and the mechanism of product formation was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The particle coating thickness was measured using optical micrographs. The diamond particles got uniform coating thickness of copper crystals layers. This method provided an excellent base for the fabrication of metal-based composites using cheap equipments, and was less time consuming, nature friendly and economical compared with other methods of diamond surface metallization.     

Influence of potential on structure and properties of microarc oxidation coating on Mg alloy

In order to obtain optimizing microarc oxidation coating on Mg alloy from a friendly-enviormental electrolyte free of Cr6 and PO43-, constant potential regime was applied to produce it. The influence of potential on the morphology, composition, structure and other properties, such as microhardness and corrosion resistance were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness tester and electrochemical method. The results clearly show that oxidation potential plays an important role in the formation of coating's structure and properties. The microarc oxidation coating is smooth and white, which consists of two layers. The external layer is loose and porous and enriched in Al and Si. Moreover, its content of Al and Si increases with the increasing operated potential. While the inner layer is compact and the content of Al and Si are lower than that of the external layer. The coating is composed of several phases and the major phases are MgA12O4 and MgO, and the minor phases are Al2O3 and SiO2 when the potential is higher. The microhardness of coating is obtained the maximum at the potential of 45 V, so does the corrosion resistance.     

Preparation and characterization of mesoporous Al-MCM-41 layers deposited on FeCrAl metallic foils by an in-situ hydrothermal method

A new class of activated mesoporous Al-MCM-41 layers was deposited on FeCrAl metallic foils in the presence of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide under basic conditions by an in-situ hydrothermal method. The characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption and transmission electron microscopy, as well as field-emission scanning electron microscopy were performed to investigate the pore structure and surface morphology of the Al-MCM-41 layers. The Al-MCM-41 materials are of amorphous structure but exhibit large BET surface area (up to 757.0 m²/g) and pore volume (up to 0.72 cm³/g), as well as a mean pore diameter of 3 nm. The layers deposited on the FeCrAl foils are continuous despite with a few of holes on the surface. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50502002), Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (No. KM200610005016) and Youth Foundation of Beijing University of Technology (No.00190)     

Effects of CeO2 coating on oxidation behavior of T91 steel in water vapor

Oxidation behaviors of blank and CeO2 coated T91 steel were investigated at 600 °C in water vapor for up to 150 h.Gold marker was used to define the mass transport direction.The oxide scales were studied with X-ray diffractometry (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA).The oxidation resistance of the steel is improved by CeO2 coating,though the improvement is not remarkable.Ce-rich oxide band is located at the interface of the inner equiaxed layer and the outer colum...