电极对碳纤维导电发热混凝土性能的影响

研究了四电极法和埋入电极法得到的电阻差异性规律，同时也研究了埋入不锈铜片电极及埋入网状电极在电阻率、电热效果方面的差异，提出了可采用上下式电极来制作导电发热混凝土的方案，并将路面融雪化冰用碳纤维导电混凝土所需的碳纤维体积含量降低到了0．22%，不仅可以大幅降低制作发热混凝土的成本，而且还可以提高发热混凝土铺层的强度。     

炭黑导电混凝土和碳纤维炭黑导电混凝土电热试验

目的为开发出融雪化冰或室内升温用的新型功能混凝土材料,研究炭黑导电混凝土(Carbon Black Conductive Concrete)和复掺碳纤维炭黑导电混凝土(Carbon fiber-carbon Black Diphasic Conductive Concrete)的导电性能以及电热效应.方法通过制作两种材料插有电极的立方体混凝土试块并测量记录不同龄期下的电阻率,比较分析两种材料的导电性能,并考虑碳纤维对导电性的影响作用.将两种材料试块分别串联进直流电路中,观察其通电发热情况并比较发热效果和电阻率的变化情况.结果相对于炭黑导电混凝土,复掺碳纤维炭黑导电混凝土的导电性更好,其中炭黑掺量为1%、碳纤维掺量为2%的试块电阻率低于100Ω·cm.两种材料通电发热速率均比较稳定且升温效果较好.单掺炭黑导电混凝土试块电阻率随通电时间延长变化较稳定,而复掺碳纤维炭黑试块电阻率受极化效应影响较大.结论相对于单掺炭黑导电混凝土,复掺碳纤维炭黑导电混凝土有更好的导电性,但其电阻率稳定性还有待研究.而单掺炭黑导电混凝土在通电发热试验中,其电阻率变化较小,具有较好的电阻率稳定性.     

导电混凝土研究进展

综合国内外文献分析了导电混凝土的导电机理,介绍了石墨、碳纤维、钢纤维及钢屑等常用导电组分材料及其导电混凝土的性能、导电混凝土电性能的影响因素,分析了导电混凝土的压敏性、温敏性、力电效应和电热特性的研究进展,介绍了导电混凝土在室内采暖、变电站接地网和电热除冰化雪中的应用,指出了目前导电混凝土研究和应用方面存在的不足。     

美国斯坦福大学研制出新型可拉伸塑料电极

正美国斯坦福大学的研究人员开发出一种导电性和拉伸性俱佳的高分子材料,可用于制作可拉伸塑料电极,用于可穿戴电子器件中。据悉,现有的刚性电极等电子器件在应用于测量中枢神经电流、心脏电流时,可能会损坏神经或心脏组织。为了研制柔性电极,研究人员选取了一种导电性能好且具有生物相容性的塑料,以使电极可以安全地与人体接触。但能够导电的塑料一般容易碎裂,不适合用于可     

电网"杀手"--碳纤维弹

碳纤维弹又称石墨弹，是一种以子母弹的形式，由导弹或炸弹作为携带工具，专门用于攻击对方发电厂及其供电系统的软杀伤武器。此种弹充分利用了碳纤维的高导电、导热特性(其导电性能比优良的铜导体大得多，专用品级的碳纤维导电性能高于优质铜导体1．5～6倍)和轻质高强特性(其线密度为0．30～0．32g／m、     

导电混凝土电热除冰化雪的功率分析

分析了目前常用除冰化雪方法的利弊，介绍了导电混凝土电热除冰雪的工作原理；从能量守恒的角度分析了导电混凝土电热除冰雪的最低功率需求；实验测试了碳纤维混凝土电热功率与电压的关系，表明碳纤维混凝土通电后产生的热量能够满足冬季路面除冰化雪的需要。     

导电混凝土电热层布置对路面除冰效果的影响

介绍了导电混凝土的概念及碳纤维混凝土的电热效应；从能量守恒的角度分析了导电混凝土电热层的不同布置对混凝土路面融雪化冰效果的影响。分析结果表明，采用导电混凝土覆层的形成布置电热层可取得较好的融雪化冰效果，导电混凝土覆层的厚度为40－50mm。     

第四代新材料——碳纤维导电复合材料

碳纤维及其复合材料具有高比强度、高比模量、耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐疲劳、抗蠕变、导电、传热和热膨胀系数小等一系列优异性能。由于碳纤维不仅具有碳素材料的固有特性，又具有金属材料的导电性和导热性，所以，世界各国都把碳纤维作为既是发展航天、航空和军事尖端技术必不可少的新材料，也视为民用工业更新换代的基础材料。北京化工大学成功地将碳纤维导电复合材料应用在工业、农业、医疗、建筑和民用等领域，形成了民用电暖气、医用电极、远红外理疗毯、工业发热板、蔬菜大棚、幼畜保温和低温辐射建筑电采暖等产品，取得了良好的经济效益和…     

CFRC路面材料的温敏性研究

研究了按特定配比和工艺条件制作的碳纤维混凝土（CFRC）路面材料的电阻率与温度之间的关系,表明碳纤维混凝土路面材料具有温敏性和温度自诊断特性,其电阻率随温度的升高而减小,随温度的降低而增大;分析了CFRC路面材料温敏效应的机理;利用这一性质,可将碳纤维混凝土制作成温度传感器,用于特殊混凝土路面结构的温度自诊断检测。     

CFRC路面材料的温敏性研究

研究了按特定配比和工艺条件制作的碳纤维混凝土（CFRC）路面材料的电阻率与温度之间的关系,表明碳纤维混凝土路面材料具有温敏性和湿度自诊断特性,其电阻率随温度的升高而减小,随温度的降低而增大;分析了CFRC路面材料温敏效应的机理;利用这一性质,可将碳纤维混凝土制作成温度传感器,用于特殊混凝土路面结构的温度自诊断检测。     

Electrical Conductivity of the Carbon Fiber Conductive Concrete

This paper discussed two methods to enhance the electrical conductivity of the carbon fiber（CF） electrically conductive concrete. The increase in the content of stone and the amount of water used to dissolve the methylcellulose and marinate the carbon fibers can decrease the electrical resistivity of the electrically conductive concrete effectively. Based on these two methods, the minimum CF content of the CF electrically conductive concrete for deicing or snow-melting application and the optimal ratio of the amount of water to dissolve the methylcellulose and marinate the carbon fibers were obtained.     

Electrically conductive concrete for heating using steel bars as electrodes

The steel bars with good electrical conductivity were used as two kinds of electrodes in the making of carbon fiber (CF) electrically conductive concrete for heating. The results of the pertinent experiments illustrate the design is viable. The change in electrical resistivity over three years’ hydration time was studied when steel bars were used as lateral face electrodes and top bottom surface electrodes respectively. The temperature rise test was conducted to verify the heating properties of two kinds of concrete. Not only the study can reduce the CF volume content of electrically conductive concrete for heating to 0.58% or 0.36% according to different design, but also it will enhance the carrying capacity of the concrete roadway for heating.     

自诊断沥青混凝土及其应用前景

自诊断沥青混凝土是一种通过掺入导电相材料,改善沥青混合料的导电性能,利用导电性能与路用性能的变化规律,即时、无损地评价路面结构的应变与破损的新型道路材料,其在机场跑道、桥面及高速公路上有广泛的应用前景.因此,介绍自诊断沥青混凝土的导电相材料优选、级配设计、制备方法及其自诊断机理,依据其电学性能的变化规律可及时了解路面的使用状况和健康水平,用以指导沥青路面的养护与维修.     

An Improvement in Electrical Properties of Asphalt Concerete

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测试导电复合材料直流电阻的四端电极法

为了探讨基于网状或环状电极的直流四端电极法在导电复合材料电阻测试中应用的可行性,比较了应用于不同基体、不同导电填料的导电复合材料直流电阻测试的两端电极法和四端电极法,提出了网状或环状电极与导电复合材料之间接触电阻的计算方法并进行了验证.研究表明:基于网状或环状电极的直流四端电极法可消除在直流两端电极法测试中存在的电极与导电复合材料之间的接触电阻;电极与导电复合材料之间接触电阻是非欧姆性的,接触电阻的大小与被测导电复合材料自身性质有关,其数值是可求解的.基于网状或环状电极的直流四端电极法适用于测试导电复合材料的电阻.     

Influential Factors on Deicing Performance of Electrically Conductive Concrete Pavement

The deicing experiment of carbon fiber reinforced electrically conductive concrete （CFRC） slab was conducted in laboratory at first, then the deicing process of CFRC parement was analyzed by means of finite element method （FEM）. At last, based on the energy conservation law and the computing restdts of finite element method, the influential factors including the setting of electric heating layer, environmental temperature, the thickness of ice, material parameters, and deicing power on deicing performance and energy consumption were discussed.     

Compression sensibility of magnetic-concentrated fly ash mortar under uniaxial loading

The electrical conductivity, compression sensibility, workability and cost are factors that affect the application of conductive smart materials in civil structures. Consequently, the resistance and compression sensibility of magnetic-concentrated fly ash (MCFA) mortar were investigated using two electrode method, and the difference of compression sensibility between MCFA mortar and carbon fiber reinforced cement (CFRC) under uniaxial loading was studied. Factors affecting the compression sensibility of MCFA mortar, such as MCFA content, loading rate and stress cycles, were analyzed. Results show that fly ash with high content of Fe3O4 can be used to prepare conductive mortar since Fe3O4 is a kind of nonstoichiometric oxide and usually acts as semiconductor. MCFA mortar exhibits the same electrical conductivity to that of CFRC when the content of MCFA is more than 40% by weight of sample. The compression sensibility of mortar is improved with the increase of MCFA content and loading rate. The compression sensibility of MCFA mortar is reversible with the circling of loading. Results show that the application of MCFA in concrete not only provides excellent performances of electrical-functionality and workability, but also reduces the cost of conductive concrete.