微波遥感的发展与应用

微波遥感作为遥感技术的一个分支,是20世纪70年代发展起来的一门年轻的学科.着重以我国微波遥感发展的历程为例,回顾了三十多年来微波遥感领域学术与技术的迅速发展,比较分析了微波遥感对于可见光和红外遥感有着不可比拟的优越性,因而在海洋、冰雪、大气、测绘、农业、灾害监测等方面都有着广泛的应用.同时提出了目前我国在微波遥感领域存在的若干不足并指出了今后的研究方向.     

Undrained dynamical behavior of Nanjing flake-shaped fine sand under cyclic loading

A series of dynamic behavior tests on Nanjing flake-shaped fine sand were performed by using the WFI cyclic triaxial apparatus made in England. The dynamic behaviors of Nanjing flake-shaped fine sand under different static deviator stress levels and cyclic stress ratios were studied. Through comparing the effective stress path under cyclic loading with static loading, the processes of liquefaction of saturated Nanjing flake-shaped fine sand with development of dynamic pore-water pressure, including the initial compact state, compression state and dilative state, were investigated. The variation of the shear stiffness with the number of cycles and cyclic strain was investigated by analyzing the secant shear modulus in each unload-reload loop of dynamic stress-strain relationship. And by means of the exponential function, the empirical equations of the relationship between secant shear modulus Gsec, shear modulus ratio Gsec/Gmax and cyclic strain ε were established based on series of test results. The results show that according to different combinations of static deviator stress and cyclic stress, two kinds of failure patterns with deviator stress reversal or no deviator stress reversal are observed in the samples tested in this series, including cyclic mobility and the failure of accumulation residual strain. In addition, the degradation of dynamic shear modulus is due to the development of vibration pore-water pressure and it is observed that the shear modulus reduces with the progressive number of cycles.     

Sand deposit-detecting method and its application in model test of sand flow

Against the background of the sand-flow foundation treatment engineering of Guangzhou Zhoutouzui variable cross-section immersed tunnel, a kind of sand deposit-detecting method was devised on the basis of full-scale model test of sand-flow method. The real-time data of sand-deposit height and radius were obtained by the self-developed sand-deposit detectors. The test results show that the detecting method is simple and has high precision. In the use of sand-flow method, the sand-carrying capability of fluid is limited, and sand particles are all transported to the sand-deposit periphery through crater, gap and chutes after the sand deposit formed. The diffusion range of the particles outside the sand-deposit does not exceed 2.0 m. Severe sorting of sand particles is not observed because of the unique oblique-layered depositing process. The temporal and spatial distributions of gap and chutes directly affect the sand-deposit expansion, and the expansion trend of the average sand-deposit radius accords with quadratic time-history curve.     

Field study of plastic tube cast-in-place concrete pile

The compositions, technical principles and construction equipments of a new piling method used for ground improvement plastic tube cast-in-place concrete pile were introduced. The results from static load tests on single piles with different forms of pile shoes and on their composite foundations were analyzed. The distribution patterns of axial force, shaft friction and toe resistance were studied based on the measurements taken from buried strain gauges. From the point of engineering application, the pile has merits in convenient quality control, high bearing capacity and reliable quality, showing higher reasonability, advancement and suitability than other ground improvement methods. The pile can be adopted properly to take place of ordinary ground improvement method, achieving greater economical and social benefits.     

予岂好辩哉?予不得已也——《孟子》一书对孟子辩者形象的塑造

长于论辩,是《孟子》散文的突出特征.《孟子》一书通过对孟子言行的记录,不仅表现了孟子的思想和理论,亦成功地为后人展示了一个鲜活的辩者形象.孟子与时人的论辩涉及政治、经济、伦理道德、哲学等诸多领域;通过对旁征博引、因势利导、诱敌入彀、归谬反驳、执经行权等论辩方法的娴熟驾驭,表现出鲜明的个性特点.     

爱的阶梯——析克里斯蒂娜·罗塞蒂诗歌主题变换

克里斯蒂娜一生孤独迷离,她弃绝人间的舒适享乐全心追求永恒的精神快乐.诗歌是她生活的真实写照:从初恋失败,父亲病逝,到中年全方位的社交活动,再到孤独的晚年隐退.她的诗歌也呈现出统一协调的三部曲:从温婉细腻的抒情诗,到内涵丰富的叙事诗,再到热烈苍凉的祈祷文.爱是诗人背后最隐秘的缘由.为寻求心灵的平静,她试图在爱中找到永恒,却一次次被爱推着向前走:从人世爱恋到社会爱心,再回归上帝.     

Influencing factors of compressive strength of solidified inshore saline soil using SH lime-ash

Through unconfined compressive strength test,influencing factors on compressive strength of solidified inshore saline soil with SH lime-ash,ratio of lime-ash(1-K),quantity of lime-ash,age,degree of compression and salt content were studied.The results show that because inshore saline soil has special engineering characteristic,more influencing factors must be considered compared with ordinary soil for the perfect effect of solidifying.     

一种风幕式抽油烟机的实验研究

通过对厨房油烟扩散机理的分析和模型实验,研究了影响油烟控制的各种因素,采用实验与计算流体力学仿真技术相结合的方法,对不同情况下油烟罩的油烟控制性能进行了比较、分析,设计出了一种新型节能型抽油烟机。     

Creep testing and viscous behavior research on carbon constructional quality steel under high temperature

Creep tests under at a certain temperature and different stress levels were performed on two carbon constructional quality steels at a certain stress level and different temperatures,and their creep curves at high temperature were obtained based on analyzing the testing data.Taking 45 steel at a certain temperature and stress as the example,the integral creep constitutive equation and the differential stress-strain constitutive relationship were established based on the relevant rheological model,and the integral core function was also obtained.Simultaneously,the viscous coefficients denoting the viscous behavior in visco-plastic constitutive equation were determined by taking use of the creep testing data.Then the viscous coefficients of three carbon steels(20 steel,35 steel and 45 steel) were compared and analyzed.The results show that the viscosity is different due to different materials at the same temperature and stress.     

Optimization of rheological parameter for micro-bubble drilling fluids by multiple regression experimental design

In order to optimize plastic viscosity of 18 mPa·s circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid formula,orthogonal and uniform experimental design methods were applied,and the plastic viscosities of 36 and 24 groups of agent were tested,respectively.It is found that these two experimental design methods show drawbacks,that is,the amount of agent is difficult to determine,and the results are not fully optimized.Therefore,multiple regression experimental method was used to design experimental formula.By randomly selecting arbitrary agent with the amount within the recommended range,17 groups of drilling fluid formula were designed,and the plastic viscosity of each experiment formula was measured.Set plastic viscosity as the objective function,through multiple regressions,then quadratic regression model is obtained,whose correlation coefficient meets the requirement.Set target values of plastic viscosity to be 18,20 and 22 mPa·s,respectively,with the trial method,5 drilling fluid formulas are obtained with accuracy of 0.000 3,0.000 1 and 0.000 3.Arbitrarily select target value of each of the two groups under the formula for experimental verification of drilling fluid,then the measurement errors between theoretical and tested plastic viscosity are less than 5%,confirming that regression model can be applied to optimizing the circulating of plastic-foam drilling fluid viscosity.In accordance with the precision of different formulations of drilling fluid for other constraints,the methods result in the optimization of the circulating micro-bubble drilling fluid parameters.     

基于SIDE模型的网络去个性化现象研究

去个性化效应的社会认同模型（Social identity model of deindividuation effects,SIDE）对去个性化现象的解释明显区别于传统去个性化理论的观点,并且SIDE模型从认知维度与策略维度这两个方面对去个性化现象作出了全新的解释。用SIDE模型来解释与分析网络中的去个性化现象,思考网络中产生去个性化现象的深层原因及其影响,并对网络中不合理的去个性化现象提出建议。     

一种基于视觉的表面质量检测方法

结合边缘检测技术和数学形态操作,提出了一种基于视觉的铝带表面检测方法。应用中值算法滤除缺陷图像噪声后,用边缘算子提取缺陷边缘,经形态学处理后得到完整缺陷目标,然后提取缺陷的形态特征,进行缺陷分类。实验结果表明:这种方法不仅能有效地识别缺陷,还能准确地判别缺陷类型和缺陷位置。     

标底刍议

"标底"在工程招投标中很重要,这是由于国内目前工程建设部门的工程招投标,不论是通过公开招标,或是邀请招标,还是议标的方式,在其评标过程中标底占有很大的分量.这种以底标为基准对投标商的报价进行打分评判的招标方式,我们通常叫它为标底法.这种方法目前还没有一个统一标准对报价进行评分(或评判),但不外乎以下几个标准,各有千秋.     

快速实现亚硝酸型硝化的试验研究

在SBR反应器中进行亚硝酸型硝化快速实现的试验研究,结果表明：亚硝酸型硝化的快速实现是包括温度、DO、pH、进水氨氮浓度、SRT等多个影响因素共同作用的结果,其中最主要的是DO和pH．当进水氨氮为120—240mg／L、SRT约为23d时,控制较低的DO(0．5～1．0mg／L)和适当的oH(7．5～7．8),在30℃和35℃条件下很容易实现亚硝酸型硝化;在室温条件下(21—25℃),只要控制的pH稍高些(8．0)、DO更低些(0．5～0．6mg／L)．也是可以实现亚硝酸型硝化的．     

基于神经网络的股票交易数据的预测研究

运用前馈神经网络预测时间序列的分析方法对股票数据进行了预测.通过对前馈神经网络时间序列数据预测网络模型的建立方法及预测方法讨论,基于BP网络对股票数据进行实际预测.预测精度明显高于传统方法,说明此种方法是可行的.BP网络可用于股票数据预测,其预测精度较高,但实际预测时,如何选择和确定一个合适的神经网络结构需进行反复实验.     

基于DSP的电能质量分析装置的研制

解决电力系统的电能质量问题,首先需要对电能质量的各项指标进行全面的监测和分析,在此基础上才能有针对性地改善电能质量。依据我国的6项电能质量国家标准,作者设计了一台基于DSP的电能质量分析装置。并从电能质量基本概念入手,在硬件、软件两方面对该装置进行了较为详细的介绍、分析和讨论。     

混凝土的硫酸盐腐蚀研究

通过实验室干湿循环加速硫酸盐对混凝土的腐蚀,对受腐蚀混凝土试件的抗压强度、混凝土与钢筋的粘结性能进行了测试.实验表明,SO42-与Mg2 的双重作用加速了混凝土的腐蚀,同时混凝土受硫酸盐腐蚀后脆性增大,延性及与钢筋的粘结性能均降低.     

基于PLC的翻杯机械手设计

介绍了一个使用PLC控制步进电机和气爪实现玻璃器皿的翻转和传送的装置,该装置具有低成本,效率高,定位精度高的优点,可以广泛应用于双工位控制.该机械手巧妙地采用偏心机构,同时实现了玻璃杯的传送和翻转,避免了传统机械手成本高,定位精度不高,控制程序复杂的缺点.     

试论校园文化建设

校园文化建设是学校教育教学和社会精神文明的重要组成部分,关系到学校育人目标的实现;应在遵循正确原则的基础上切实抓好建设工作.     

Study on copper adsorption on olivine

The copper adsorption on olivine supplied by A/S Olivine production plant at Aheim in western Norway has been studied. The factors Which affect the uptake of copper have been evaluated. The results reveal that the equilibrium pH in aqueous solution has the greatest influence on the copper adsorption thanks to the competitive adsorption between proton and copper ions, and the adsorption of copper to olivine increases rapidly with the pH increasing from 4 to 6. The initial copper concentration and olivine dose also possess significant effect on copper adsorption. The adsorption efficieny of copper increases with the increase of olivine dose or the decrease of initial copper concentration at the same pH. The ionic strength effect on the adsorption has also been investigated, but it owns little effect on the adsorption process of copper due to the formation of inner sphere surface complexation of copper on olivine. The experimental data show that olivine has a high acid buffer capacity and is an effective adsorbent for copper.