组合药剂对方铅矿浮选性能的影响

利用纯矿物研究单一捕收剂黄药和组合药剂对方铅矿浮选行为的影响．首先确定黄药的试验条件，在此基础上添加pepa药剂，进一步考察组合药剂的最佳试验条件、Pepa药剂对方铅矿的黄药浮选有明显的活化作用、试验结果表明：组合药剂比黄药对方铅矿具有更好的捕收性能，在最佳的工艺条件下，把浮选回收率从80％提高到了96％．     

方铅矿与黄铁矿浮选分离的矿浆电化学研究：Ⅲ.方铅矿与黄铁…

以丁基黄捕收剂的方铅矿与黄铁矿混合精矿体系，按照电位与可浮性的关系，两矿物在还原性矿浆电位浮选分离的电位差在热力学上仅为５０ｍＶ，而在动力学上达到了２０７ｍＶ。采用接触角测定、单矿物浮选、混合矿分离等方法，可以证实依据方铅矿表面丁基黄原酸铅和黄铁矿表面丁基双黄药的电化学还原动力学性质的差异，实现方铅矿与黄铁矿混合精矿的电化学浮选分离。     

表面氧化磁黄铁矿的高效捕收研究

针对硫化铜镍矿石中有用矿物易被氧化造成浮选回收率降低的问题,选用磁黄铁矿作为研究对象,通过单矿物浮选试验、吸附量测试和X射线光电子能谱检测,揭示了羟肟酸类捕收剂和黄药类捕收剂与氧化的磁黄铁矿的作用机理.结果表明:选择能直接与矿物表面的氧化产物作用的捕收剂是浮选表面氧化硫化矿的一种可行思路.弱碱性条件下苯甲羟肟酸是表面氧化磁黄铁矿的高效捕收剂,苯甲羟肟酸与氧化的磁黄铁矿表面的氧化膜主要发生"O,O"螯合,苯甲羟肟酸作用后矿物表面亲水性的Fe(OH)_3相对含量减少了37.18%.弱碱性环境下,丁基钠黄药对表面氧化的磁黄铁矿捕收能力弱,主要是因为丁基钠黄药虽然能够较好吸附在氧化的磁黄铁矿表面,但氧化的磁黄铁矿表面的亲水性物质不会减少.     

新型捕收剂BS—4对镍黄铁矿捕收性能及作用机理

通过单矿物试验和实际矿石试验研究了新型捕收剂ＢＳ－４对镍黄铁矿的捕收性能。结果表明：对单矿物,ＰＨ为９．０￣１１．０时,ＢＳ－４对镍黄铁矿具有很好的捕收性能,ＢＳ－４与丁基黄药混合用药能提高捕收剂的捕收能力;对实际矿石,采用质量比为１：１的ＢＳ－４与丁基黄药作为捕收剂,在加大对蛇纹石抑制作用的条件下,镍回收率为９１．４７％,铜的回收率为８８．０４％,通过动电位测试、矿物表面对药剂吸附量的测定以及对     

红假单胞菌在煤系黄铁矿表面吸附量的测定

微生物在黄铁矿表面吸附量的大小，直接影响微生物对黄铁矿的表面改性，决定浮选脱硫效果的优劣．利用红假单胞菌，通过测定吸附前后菌液浓度的变化，对煤系黄铁矿进行吸附量测定试验，重点考察了菌种的浓度、矿浆浓度、pH值等因素对吸附量的影响．研究结果表明，红假单胞菌在黄铁矿表面的吸附量遵守Langmuir等温方程式，吸附量与矿浆浓度成反比，pH值对红假单胞菌吸附量有影响，在中性环境下吸附量最高，在碱性环境下吸附量较小，在酸性环境下吸附量最低．红假单胞菌与黄铁矿的吸附作用中，存在静电引力．     

利用磷灰石实现硫化矿浮选废水回用的试验评价

出于环境的考虑，越来越多的选矿厂均利用回水以减轻废水对环境的冲击和对水资源的依赖．工业生产经验表明，回水使用量的增加会对浮选带来不利的影响，尤其是对复杂矿化矿的优先浮选．浮选选择性降低的主要原因是溶液中重金属离子对闪锌矿或黄铁矿的意外活化．本文应用微型浮选试验，吸附试验和表面测试研究了利用磷灰石来实现硫化矿浮选废水回用的可行性．试验表明，磷灰石可增强对闪锌矿的抑制而提高浮选的选择性．微型浮选和表面测试表明，磷灰石与闪锌矿竞争吸附溶液中的重金属，从而降低闪锌矿表面的重金属浓度．     

新型抑制剂在铜铅浮选分离中的应用

用一种工业副产品为原料合成了多羟基硫代磷酸盐抑制剂．浮选试验表明其对方铅矿有较强的选择抑制作用,抑制效果优于重铬酸钾,是铜铅混合精矿浮选分离的一种比较理想的抑制剂．     

电解还原法强化高硫煤浮选脱硫机理研究

采用电解还原法对高硫煤预处理后，使煤表面的含氧官能团减少，疏水性增强；同时，黄铁矿表面初始氧化产物如单质硫和多硫化物被还原，亲水性增强．煤粒和黄铁矿颗粒两者的表面性质向相反的方向改性，从而实现强化浮选分离的目的，理论上分析了煤和黄铁矿表面的改性机理，并通过试验验证了电解还原法强化浮选能够明显地降低浮选精煤中的硫分．对不同煤样的浮选结果表明：北宿煤样的黄铁矿脱除率可达89％以上。     

捕收剂CSU-A与黄铜矿作用机理

通过矿物浮选实验、吸附量测试以及红外光谱分析，研究CSU—A与黄铜矿和黄铁矿相互作用的规律．浮选实验结果表明，当CSU—A的质量浓度为6mg／L，溶液pH值为9．0～9．5时，CSU—A对黄铜矿捕收能力强，对黄铁矿捕收能力弱；红外光谱分析结果表明，捕收剂CSU—A与黄铜矿和黄铁矿作用前、后的红外光谱图明显不同，在黄铜矿与药剂作用后出现了6cm^-1的波数位移，而黄铁矿与捕收剂作用前、后的红外光谱图基本上没有变化．由此可以确定，捕收剂CSU—A在黄铜矿表面发生了化学吸附，而在黄铁矿表面仅是简单的物理吸附．捕收剂CSU—A具有选择性的主要原因是在黄铜矿和黄铁矿表面发生吸附的形式不同．     

酸对捕收剂在胶磷矿和白云石表面吸附的影响

浮选过程中抑制剂会使矿物表面亲水,还可能与捕收剂存在竞争吸附. 硫酸和磷酸是钙（镁）质磷矿石反浮选工艺常用的抑制剂. 通过单矿物和人工混合矿浮选试验及吸附量测定,研究了胶磷矿 - 白云石反浮选体系中,抑制剂硫酸或磷酸浓度对捕收剂 GJBW 在矿物表面吸附量的影响. 结果表明,酸浓度对矿物上浮率影响较大,但对捕收剂在胶磷矿和白云石表面吸附量影响均较小,说明该体系中抑制剂和捕收剂在矿物表面不是竞争吸附而是共同吸附,综合决定表面亲/疏水性,进而影响其上浮率. 于是建立了两者在矿物表面共同吸附的双电层模型,其中不溶油酸分子（HOl）作为主要捕收剂组分在白云石 - 水界面起主导作用使表面疏水,而胶磷矿酸溶释放出的或磷酸电离出的 H ₂ PO ₄ ^- 做为主要抑制组分在胶磷矿 - 水界面起主导作用使表面亲水.     

Effect of sodium pyrophosphate on the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from galena

The effect of sodium pyrophosphate (SPH) on the separation of chalcopyrite from galena was examined through flotation, adsorption, electrokinetic studies and infrared spectral analysis. Differential flotation tests indicate that satisfactory separation can be achieved within the pH range from 2.5 to 6 using SPH to depress the galena, but not the chalcopyrite when O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate (IPETC) is used as the collector. The electrophoretic mobilities of both the minerals dramatically become negatively charged following SPH adsorption in the pH range from 2.5 to 12. The infrared spectral analysis suggests that chemical adsorption occurs on galena surface treated by SPH, indicating that a chelate complex has formed. At weakly acidic pH values, the adsorption density of IPETC onto galena is significantly reduced in the presence of SPH. However, the amount of IPETC adsorbed onto chalcopyrite almost remains at the same level. Since the observed adsorption density of IEPTC onto chalcopyrite is quite high compared to galena, the observed flotation results are explained. A possible mechanism for the interaction between the two sulphide minerals and SPH is discussed.     

Depression behaviors of N-thiourea-maleamic acid and its adsorption mechanism on galena in Mo-Pb flotation separation

In present study, a novel organic depressant N-thiourea-maleamic acid (TMA) was synthesized and applied as a galena depressant in the flotation separation of Mo-Pb ores. The depression behaviors of TMA were tested through flotation experiments. A wider separation window for single minerals over 90.0% was obtained at 30.0 mg/L TMA, confirming that TMA could depress galena significantly, while effected molybdenite floatability slightly. An effective separation was obtained for artificially mixed minerals and actual Mo-Pb ores. The adsorption mechanism on galena was revealed by UV–Vis spectra, zeta potential tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, contact angle tests and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The zeta potentials of galena became more negative and the contact angle of galena dropped from initial 74.36° to 57.8° with 30.0 mg/L TMA depressant, inferring that TMA had adsorbed on galena surface. The analysis results of UV–Vis spectra, FT-IR and XPS gave further evidence that TMA might chemisorb on galena surface via Pb sites on galena surface and the thiourea group in TMA molecular structure, while the carboxyl group played a role of hydrophilicity.     

硫化铅锌矿除砷的研究

毒砂与方铅矿、闪锌矿紧密共生,可浮性相近,致使铅锌精矿含砷过高,造成产品销售困难.本研究主要采用高碱法、氧化法和选择性调整剂进行方铅矿与毒砂分选试验、闪锌矿与毒砂分选试验、实现了毒砂与铅锌矿的分选.并通过矿物表面动电位的测定药剂吸附量测定和红外光谱分析,进行了药剂与矿物表面作用机理的探讨.     

Interaction mechanism between carboxylmethyl cellulose and iron ore concentrates in iron ore agglomeration

Carboxylmethyl cellulose(CMC) has become a commercial organic binder in agglomeration of iron ore concentrates. The relative molecular mass and degree of substitution(DS) of CMC have a large impact on its binding performance. The interaction mechanism between CMC and iron ore particles was analyzed through Zeta potential measurements, adsorption measurements and infrared spectra. The results show that the interaction is chemical adsorption-oriented and the CMC's adsorption performance is related to the properties of CMC as well as the type of iron oxides. CMC has a greater affinity to Fe2O3 than Fe3O4, and CMC with higher relative molecular mass shows a higher adsorption isotherm. Pelletization of practical iron ore concentrates added with CMC further illustrates that CMC with higher relative molecular mass or DS exhibits a better binding performance, which is consistent with the results of adsorption tests.     

硫酸渣磁化焙烧—磁选提铁降硫

硫酸渣铁品位为55.08％,其中有害元素硫的含量为1.3％.为高效利用硫酸渣,必须提高铁含量、降低硫磷等有害元素.硫酸渣试样直接进行弱磁选,得到铁精矿品位60.54％,精矿回收率仅为54.46％,采用磁化焙烧-弱磁选的方法来进行选铁试验,通过对磁化焙烧时间、磁化焙烧温度、还原剂的质量配比等条件试验,确定了在焙烧时间40 min,焙烧温度750℃,还原剂10％的最佳焙烧条件.焙烧矿磨矿至-0.074 mm 97.02％,用弱磁选管进行磁选的最佳试验条件,在此焙烧条件下,进行一粗一精的磁选,获得了铁品位64.57％,精矿回收率86.99％,硫含量降低到0.13％.     

Effect of organic depressant lignosulfonate calcium on separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite

In order to selectively separate chalcopyrite from pyrite, the effect of organic depressant lignosulfonate calcium (LSC) on the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite was investigated by flotation tests. The depression mechanism was studied by Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) analysis. The flotation tests of single mineral show that LSC can depress the flotation of pyrite in a certain pH range, but it has little effect on chalcopyrite flotation. Flotation separation of a mixture of chalcopyrite and pyrite can be completed to obtain a copper concentrate grade up to 24.73% with a recovery of 80.36%. IR analysis shows that LSC and butyl xanthate compete in absorption on pyrite surface, and there exists an LSC characteristic peak on pyrite surface. There is little adsorption of LSC on chalcopyrite.     

硫化矿和菱锌矿选择性絮凝的研究

对细粒硫化铅锌矿和菱锌矿的选择性絮凝作了研究，并对矿物进行了激光照射处理，详细地比较了处理前后方铅矿，闪锌矿和菱钭矿的絮凝特性。对矿物和石英的混合矿进行了分离试验，结果认为，经过激光处理的矿物絮凝特性，效果和分离指标比未经激光处理的好得多。     

Two-step flotation recovery of iron concentrate from Donganshan carbonaceous iron ore

The flotation of pure and natural carbonaceous iron ore samples in the oleate flotation system was investigated. Starch can depress hematite effectively in a wide pH range, but cannot depress siderite efficiently in neutral conditions. The flotation recovery of pure hematite, siderite, and quartz in the oleate-starch-CaCl₂ system is significantly different when the slurry pH varies from 4 to 12. A novel two-step flotation process was developed for the separation of iron concentrate from Donganshan carbonaceous iron ore through which the siderite concentrate is first recovered and the high quality hematite concentrates with relative high iron recovery can be obtained in the second step flotation. The siderite concentrate may be utilized directly or undergo further concentration steps to increase iron grade.     

地下水中砷去除机理实验研究

为了研究地下水中砷的去除机理,采用吸附和土柱模拟实验,研究了不同吸附介质、初始浓度和价态等因素对砷去除的影响.吸附实验结果表明,As(Ⅴ)在初始浓度为0.05 mmol/L的条件下,在水铁矿和针铁矿上的平均吸附率分别为35%和14%;As(Ⅴ)在初始浓度为0.01 mmol/L条件下,在水铁矿和针铁矿上的平均吸附率分别为87%和37%;As(Ⅲ)在初始浓度为0.01 mmol/L的条件下,在水铁矿和针铁矿上的平均吸附率分别为73%和39%.土柱模拟实验结果表明,As(Ⅴ)在细砂中的平均吸附率为72%,而在加入氢氧化铁的细砂中平均吸附率为93%;As(Ⅴ)在粗砂中的平均吸附率为80%,在加入氢氧化铁的粗砂中平均吸附率为93%;As(Ⅲ)在细砂和粗砂中的平均吸附率为99.9%.结果表明,砂土中加入Fe3+和OH-后由于产生的氢氧化铁有利于As的吸附,粗砂和细砂对As(Ⅲ)的吸附较强.