高氯酸根在聚并吡啶表面的吸附行为对导电性能的影响

用量子化学ＭＮＤＯ、ＣＮＤＯ／２和ＥＨＭＯ－ＣＯ方法研究高氯酸根（ＣｌＯ＾－４）在聚并吡啶表面的吸附行为以及对聚合物能带结构的影响,结果表明：ＣｌＯ＾－４可吸附在聚并吡啶表面的不同位置,洞位为最稳定吸附点,ＣｌＯ＾－４在大多数位置的吸附使体系的能隙变窄,Ｔ３位减小最多,ＣｌＯ＾－４掺杂聚并吡啶有利于导电性能的提高。     

煤氧复合过程及放热强度测算方法

根据煤表面分子结构的类型,推出煤体表面分子存在的７种活性结构,这些活生结构是低温下与氧发生化学反应的主体。煤表面活性结构与氧复合过程存在化学吸附和三步化学反应过程,根据每步反应化学键能的变化,可推算出化学吸附及反应每生成１ｍｏｌＣＯ,ＣＯ２等气体产物的平均键能变化量。通过实验可测定煤体在不同温度下的耗氧速率,ＣＯ及ＣＯ２产生速率,若煤氧复合消耗的氧全部转化成ＣＯ和ＣＯ２,二者的产生量与各自的实际生     

变压吸附制氢过程吸附剂性能

研究了Ｈ２－ＣＯ２－ＣＨ４－ＣＯ混合气在活性炭（ＡＣ）和分子筛（ＭＳ）上的变压吸附（ＰＳＡ）过程，各组分在ＡＣ上的吸附能力为：ＣＯ２的大于ＣＨ４的，ＣＨ４的大于ＣＯ的；在ＭＳ上为：ＣＯ的大于ＣＨ４的。并研究了混合气在ＡＣ－ＭＳ复合床层上的ＰＳＡ过程，其中ＡＣ充填于进口端，主要吸附ＣＯ２和ＣＨ４；ＭＳ主要吸附ＣＯ，为复合床层ＰＳＡ过程的模拟计算和设计提供了基础。     

C2H4,CO2,N2,O2在三种吸附剂吸收附性能的研究

在Ｃａｈｎ－２０００电子天平上,采用重量法测定了Ｃ２Ｈ４、ＣＯ２、Ｎ２、Ｏ２单组分在三种吸附剂上的吸附性能,为乙烯回收和空气分离提供了可靠数据。     

0℃时SmI_3-(CH_2)_6N_4·HI-H_2O体系的相平衡研究

合成出ＳｍＩ３９Ｈ２Ｏ和（ＣＨ２）６Ｎ４ＨＩ,并测定了０℃时ＳｍＩ３－（ＣＨ２）６Ｎ４ＨＩ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的相平衡数据,作出该体系的相图,发现了新的配合物ＳｍＩ３［（ＣＨ２）６Ｎ４ＨＩ］１４Ｈ２Ｏ。     

分子筛捕捉的原子簇催化剂的性能研究

采用溶剂分散法制备Ｒｈ２（ＣＯ）４Ｃｌ２／ＮａＹ和Ｒｈ２（ＣＯ）４Ｃｌ２／ＢＸ催化剂,将其用于催化一氧化碳加氢反应,研究温度、载体及ＣＯ／Ｈ２（摩尔比）对催化剂的活性和选择性的影响,用Ｈ２－Ｏ２滴定法及ＣＯ吸附法测定Ｒｈ的分散度及ＣＯ吸附量。研究结果表明上述催化剂具有稳定的高分散度,对ＣＯ加氢反应有较高的活性和较好的选择性,而对ＣＯ的吸附是很弱的。     

Si3N4—MgO—CeO2陶瓷烧结过程中MgO的自动析晶

作者首次发现了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２系陶瓷在烧结过程中玻璃相自动析晶这一独特现象。对于Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２系陶瓷在１４５０℃，ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２就会与Ｓｉ３Ｎ４颗粒表面ＳｉＯ２反应形成硅酸盐液相，冷却后则成为玻璃相保留在烧结体中；当烧结温度高于１５５０℃时，作者发现，ＣｅＯ２仍留在玻璃相中，但ＭｇＯ会自动析晶出来，其结果是大大减少了烧结体中严重影响其高温性能的玻璃相的含量，对于提高烧结     

R2O,R2SO4对硅酸盐水泥熟料烧成的影响

采用化学分析、ＸＲＤ、光学显微镜分析方法,较系统地研究了Ｒ２Ｏ、Ｒ２ＳＯ４,对硅酸盐水泥熟料烧成,矿物组成,晶体结构的影响。结果表明：Ｒ２Ｏ易形成固 ＫＣ２３Ｓ１２和Ｎ８Ａ３,其中Ｋ２Ｏ主要固溶在Ｃ２Ｓ中,形成ＫＣ２３Ｓ１２,使ｆｃｏ急剧升高;Ｎａ２Ｏ主要固溶在Ｃ３Ａ中,形成ＮＣ８Ａ３,ｆｃａＯ有所增加,Ｒ２ＳＯ４降低了熟料烧成的液相粘度,对熟料烧成有利,ｆｃａｏ含量很低,Ｒ２Ｏ和Ｒ２ＳＯ４都使Ａ     

化学助剂在亚麻脱胶工艺中的应用

本文了在沤麻过程中分别添加ＮＨ４ＮＯ３（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４和（ＮＨ４）２ＣＯ３四种化学助剂对沤麻时间和沤麻过程中ＰＨ值及果胶酶活性的影响。     

低频机械振动影响煤样吸附特性研究

利用自制的瓦斯吸附/解吸激振及测试系统,研究了不同振频对煤样吸附性能的影响.试验结果表明：不同振频对未吸附饱和煤样影响不同,10Hz促使瓦斯吸附,20,30Hz抑制吸附;趋于吸附饱和煤样受振动影响很小.进一步分析振频与扩散的关系,发现充入相同气压,振动对瓦斯孔隙吸附量影响不明显,参数B和瓦斯扩散系数均按30,20,0,10Hz逐步变大;并依据扩散特性定义了扩散度.趋于吸附饱和时,煤与瓦斯系统处于振动状态下的动态吸附平衡.采掘过程中,振频越大,受振动影响而内压改变的那部分煤体越可能瞬时突出;振频越小,突出延迟越可能出现.     

Explosive limits of mixed gases containing CH4, CO and C2H4 in the goaf area

The explosive gases CO and C2H4, released mainly flammable gases during the process of coal self-ignition, are of the most important ingredients of the multi-component gases in goaf areas, along with CH4. We have determined some of the parameters of explosive properties of the one-component gases CH4, CO and C2H4 using an explosive trial device of polybasic explosive gas mixtures and emphasized particularly the effect on the limits of explosive concentration of the binary explosive mixed gases CH4+CO, CH4+C2H4, as a function of the amount of CO, C2H4 and inert flame resisting gases (N2, CO2). The experimental results show that the effect of inert gases on the explosive limits of mixed gases, given the property of explosive gas, is obvious: the inert gases (N2, CO2) possess some inhibitory effects on the explosion of the multi-component explosive gas mixtures. The results will provide some experimental support to suppress the occurrence of the gas explosions in goaf areas and provide some directions for designing explosion-proof electric equipment and fire arresters.     

Adsorption and desorption on coals for CO2 sequestration

Adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide, methane and other gases on coals has been investigated experimentally using representative Zhongliangshan coals. Gas adsorption is one of the major concerns for both CO2 sequestration and methane recovery processes. The experiments were carried out using both single and multi-component mixtures at 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ with the highest pressure of 12 MPa. The coal was under moisture equilibrated conditions. This provides experimental data from which a predictive assessment of CO2 sequestration and/or methane recovery can be conducted. The results show that for pure gasses the CH4 adsorption capacity is higher than the N2 adsorption capacity but lower than the CO2 adsorption capacity. Injection of CO2 or other gases into the coal significantly affects CH4 desorption. This allows the enhancement of CH4 recovery from the coals, thus supplying more clean energy while sequestering significant amounts of CO2 thereby reducing the greenhouse effect from human beings.     

Law of gas production during coal heating oxidation

Coal spontaneous combustion is a great threat to mine safety, and gas is the key index to describe coal spontaneous combustion. Taking the coal samples of different kinds of coal as research object, the temperature programmed oxidation experiment was carried out, and the gases produced by coal samples at different temperatures were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography. This research studied the variation characteristics of gas species and gas concentrations in different coal samples during heating oxidation. The experimental results show that different coal samples produce different kinds of gases in the process of heating and oxidation. The order of gas production is CO, C_2H_6, C_2H_4, C_3H_8, and the relationship between gas production and temperature is approximately exponential. With the increase of coal metamorphic degree, the turning point temperature of sharp rise in coal sample gas production rate become higher, the oxidation ability of coal sample decreases, and the quantity of gas production decreases during the same time period.     

Effect of CO_2 on explosion limits of flammable gases in goafs

In order to reduce the number of accidents due to explosions of flammable gases in the goaf of coalmines,the conditions for explosion of flammable gases and their explosion limits,affected to a considerable extent by CO2,are explored.With the use of our experimental equipment suitable for the study of explosion of polybasic explosive gas mixtures,we investigated the effect of CH4/H2=10/1 and CH4/C2H4=10/1 gases mixed with CO2 on their explosion limits.The results indicate that after adding CO2,the explosion limit of the CH4/H2(or C2H4) =10/1 gas mixtures decreased markedly with increasing amounts of CO2.When the amount of CO2 exceeded 25%,the CH4/C2H4=10/1 flammable gas mixture did not lead to explosions.Similar results were obtained when the amount of CO2 exceeded 23% in the CH4/H2=10/1 flammable gas mixture.We also compared the explosion limits and the explosion suppression effect of N2 or CO2 on the explosion limits of the CH4+CO and CH4+C2H4 dual explosive gas mixtures.Along with the increases in the amounts of CO2 or N2,the area of the explosion limits of gas mixtures decreased.Under the same conditions,the explosion suppression effect of CO2 was greater than that of N2.CO2 has clearly the better suppression effect on the explosion of flammable gases in goafs.     

Effect of CO2 on explosion limits of flammable gases in goafs

In order to reduce the number of accidents due to explosions of flammable gases in the goaf of coalmines,the conditions for explosion of flammable gases and their explosion limits,affected to a considerable extent by COz,are explored.With the use of our experimental equipment suitable for the study of explosion of polybasic explosive gas mixtures,we investigated the effect of CH4/H2=10/1 and CH4/C2H4=10/1 gases mixed with CO2 on their explosion limits.The results indicate that after adding CO2,the explosion limit of the CH4/H2 (or C2H4) = 10/1 gas mixtures decreased markedly with increasing amounts of CO2.When the amount of CO2 exceeded 25%,the CH4/C2H4=10/1 flammable gas mixture did not lead to explosions.Similar results were obtained when the amount of CO2 exceeded 23% in the CH4/H2=10/1 flammable gas mixture.We also compared the explosion limits and the explosion suppression effect of N2 or CO2 on the explosion limits of the CH4+CO and CH4+C2H4 dual explosive gas mixtures.Along with the increases in the amounts of CO2 or N2,the area of the explosion limits of gas mixtures decreased.Under the same conditions,the explosion suppression effect of CO2 was greater than that of N2.CO2 has clearly the better suppression effect on the explosion of flammable gases in goafs.     

用多元气体等温吸附成果评价煤层气开发潜力

针对煤层气中通常含有一定数量非 CH4气体的现实情况 ,进行了纯 N2 、纯 CH4和 CH4- N2二元气体等温吸附实验的对比研究 ,分析了煤层气中的 N2 组分对煤层 CH4吸附性能的影响 .结果表明 ,用纯 CH4气体的等温吸附资料进行煤层气开发潜力的评价 ,可能会产生不完全正确的结论 ;而多元气体的等温吸附曲线 ,可用于进行煤层气开发潜力的正确评价 .     

高含水煤样的多元混合气体的吸附分析

对高含水煤样进行了三元混合气体（CH4,CO2,N2均为33．3％）的高压等温吸附试验,得出等温吸附曲线,并分析了三元混合气体在吸附过程中各组分体积分数的变化规律．结果表明,吸附曲线在煤样含水量高于5％时不遵循超出煤样平衡水分范围曲线不再变化的规律,而是吸附量低得多;吸附过程中各组分的体积分数是实时变化的,吸附能力强的气体吸附速率先快后慢,吸附能力弱的气体吸附速率先慢后快;在高压时吸附曲线没有明显变化．为更科学地计算煤层气资源量和可采潜力提供参考．     

△P index with different gas compositions for instantaneous outburst prediction in coal mines

In this study we measured the △P(initial speed of gas emission)index with different gas concentrations of carbon dioxide(pure CO2,90% CO2+10% CH4,67% CO2+33% CH4,50% CO2+50% CH4,30% CO2+10% CH4 and pure CH4)of coal samples from the No.2 coal seam in the Yaojie Coal Mine,Gansu province,China.The effect of carbon dioxide concentration,gas composition,coal strength and particle size of coal samples on the △P index was investigated.The experimental results show that with gas of various compositions,the △P value of three samples were clearly different.The △P index of coal samples A,B and C(0.2～0.25 mm)were 4,6 and 7 with pure CH4 and 22,30 and 21 when pure CH4 was used.Carbon dioxide concentration affects the△P index markedly.The △P index increases with an increase in carbon dioxide concentration,especially for coal B.Hence,the△P index and K(another outburst index)values tested only with pure CH4 for prediction of the danger of outburst is not accurate.It is important to determine the initial speed of gas emission given the gas composition of the coal seam to be tested for exact outburst prediction.     

基于固气耦合的煤岩-瓦斯二相介质相似材料及其力学特性

含瓦斯煤是具有多孔特性和气固耦合特性的二相介质复合材料。为了精准模拟含瓦斯煤的物理力学属性,基于相似准则和主控参数相似比尺,进行了80余组材料配比试验和力学参数试验,研制了煤岩-瓦斯二相介质相似材料。对比了相似材料和原煤的相似性,并基于新材料进行了三维煤与瓦斯突出相似模拟试验。主要结论如下：1）煤粉和腐殖酸钠水溶液为骨料和胶结剂配制的煤岩相似材料的弹塑性参数和吸附性参数均与原煤相似;2）适当体积比的CO2和N2二元混合气体的膨胀能和CH4膨胀能一致,CO2和N2二元混合气体可作为CH4相似气体,且安全性高;3）研制的煤岩-瓦斯二相介质相似材料与含瓦斯原煤的物理力学参数具有高度相似性,实现了气固耦合特性模拟;4）三维物理模拟试验再现了石门揭煤引发煤与瓦斯突出现象,得到与现场接近的突出孔洞形态和突出粉煤质量,验证了相似材料的合理性,也为进一步研究煤与瓦斯突出规律,监测突出前兆信息提供了科学手段。     

Ti改性活性炭分离CH_4/N_2的实验研究

针对甲烷气体(煤矿乏风瓦斯)的富集与分离,研究了活性炭吸附材料(AC)的Ti改性方法,讨论了对CH4/N2分离性能的影响.结果表明:Ti改性炭活性在1 100℃、N2保护焙烧后孔径分布更均一;CH4的吸附量达到34.4 mL/g,比未改性的活性炭和160℃水热方法 Ti改性的活性炭增加了51.5%;CH4常压穿透曲线的穿透点比未改性的活性炭和160℃水热方法 Ti改性的活性炭分别滞后了41%和50%.