一种风力机专用翼型气动特性的非定常数值模拟

基于N-S控制方程,对NREL的S827翼型进行了非定常数值模拟,得到了雷诺数为2×106时,该翼型在不同攻角下的升力系数和阻力系数曲线以及速度分布图,数值模拟结果与NREL所提供的气动数据吻合良好.同时,在1×105～1×107雷诺数范围内,对0°、6°、10°等攻角下该翼型的升力系数和阻力系数随雷诺数的变化规律进行了数值模拟研究,为工程实际提供了一些有意义的参考.     

风力机翼型转捩与失速特性的数值计算

针对三种NREL S系列风力机专用翼型,分别采用Xfoil和Fluent软件对流动转捩和失速特性进行了数值研究,得到了翼型升力系数与阻力系数随攻角变化关系,并将其与实验数据进行了比较。结果表明:数值计算结果与风洞实验数据吻合很好,表明数值计算在翼型二维气动性能计算方面有较高可信度。对于相对厚度大于0.15的翼型,在中低雷诺数下,通常会发生后缘分离,达到失速角时,升力系数缓慢减小。     

风力机专用翼型数值模拟中湍流模型的选择

基于三维N-S方程,分别选用k-ε、k-ω、RSM和LES四种湍流模型对风力机专用S827翼型进行了数值模拟,对比了不同湍流模型对气动模拟精度的影响,得到了雷诺数为4×106时,该翼型在-4°～10°攻角下的升力和阻力特性曲线以及压力分布图,并与NREL的气动数据进行对比,结果表明,RSM湍流模型更适用于风力机专用翼型的数值模拟。     

涡发生器对风力机翼型绕流场的影响研究

为了研究涡发生器对风力机专用翼型气动性能的影响,采用数值模拟的方法对带涡发生器风力机的翼型进行了数值计算.首先对具有试验数据的带涡发生器翼型进行了数值计算,验证了计算方法的可行性;然后采用该计算设置对所要研究的风力机翼型在多个攻角下的情况进行了计算.结果表明:在小攻角下当翼型未发生流动分离时,涡发生器可能使翼型升阻比降低;当攻角增大,翼型发生流动分离时,涡发生器可以有效推迟流动分离,增大失速攻角,提高升阻比.     

基于数值风洞的桥梁断面三分力系数模拟

用以计算流体动力学(CFD)为基础的数值风洞代替物理风洞模拟桥梁周围的风场特征,不仅能得到流场的压力、速度和涡旋的分布,还能提取桥梁的各种气动参数,为流固耦合的计算奠定基础。以一大跨度桥梁的扁平箱梁为模型进行了-10°~10°攻角下的风场模拟,通过改变边界条件的方法改变风攻角,提取三分力系数,并将计算结果与已有的风洞试验值相比较,吻合较好,最后绘出的0°攻角下的速度、流线和压力云图可以形象地描述流场的变化情况。验证了采用CFD技术模拟风场特征,识别桥梁三分力系数方法的可行性与可靠性。     

基于数值模拟与风洞试验的多分裂导线阻力系数干扰效应

为研究分裂导线阻力系数随风攻角与分裂间距的变化规律,采用CFD数值模拟方法研究了不同分裂数与分裂间距下的低风压导线阻力系数随风攻角的变化规律.通过在边界层风洞中开展90 cm长的导线节段模型试验,获得了低风压导线不同风攻角条件下导线阻力系数随雷诺数、尾流干扰的变化规律,并与数值模拟结果进行对比.研究结果表明:多分裂导线...     

不同攻角运动的水下导弹表面空泡流场数值研究

在水下高速航行的弹体表面的局部低压区会形成空泡,而空泡的形成会对弹体周围的流场造成很大的影响.当弹体在一定攻角下航行时,弹体周围的流场非常复杂.文中采用Singhal提出的空泡模型,利用有限容积法对三维弹体的外流场进行了数值模拟.将零攻角下的数值结果与文献中的经典实验结果进行了比较,二者数据符合较好.利用此方法对5种小攻角进行了研究,比较分析了5种攻角下弹体表面的空泡分布和压力系数分布,并通过数值积分的方法得出弹体在不同攻角下的侧向力和力矩.计算结果表明,当攻角大于2.5°后,侧向力和力矩会大幅度的增加.文中结论可供水下垂直发射与水下导弹的研究与设计参考.     

涡流发生器对不同弦长风力机翼型气动性能的影响

加装涡流发生器有助于大型风力机叶片根部厚翼型表面边界层气流分离的控制。以DU97-W2-300三维翼型为研究对象, 采用转捩模型对安装相同尺寸的涡流发生器, 弦长分别为0.6、1和1.5 m的翼型进行数值计算, 分析涡流发生器控制流动分离的机制。结果表明:转捩模型计算结果与试验结果吻合良好; 对于3种不同弦长的翼型, 在攻角0°~14°范围内, 计算得到的升力系数基本相同; 当攻角大于14°后, 随翼型弦长增大, 升力系数减小, 翼型尾缘分离区域逐步增大。     

不同参数对翼型外流场力系数数值仿真的影响

以NACA0012翼型为研究对象,设计了钝后缘和尖后缘2种翼型.在3种不同的远场距离下,应用统一的网格策略划分了数量相同的结构化网格.基于相同的边界条件采用Spalart-Allmaras和SST K-ω湍流模型求解NS方程,实现对翼型外流场的数值仿真.比较了在0°、10°和15°攻角下的Cd和Cl数值,结果表明采用S...     

通用风力机翼型气动特性数值模拟

针对某翼型扰流流动,建立了二维可压缩湍流模型,利用商业软件FLUENT对翼型不同来流攻角下的气动特性进行了相应的数值模拟计算.湍流黏度采用基于RANS的Spalart-A llm aras湍流模型处理,得出了雷诺数在3.2×106时,某翼型的升力系数、阻力系数和压力分布随来流攻角的变化关系,并与同类翼型实验数据进行对比.结果显示:该翼型与修型前的翼型相比,具有较高的升力系数和升阻比,失速性能更好.     

斜拉索风雨激振-实验与数值模拟混合子结构方法研究

人工模拟降雨条件下,斜拉索风雨激振的非定常气动力难以测试,本文提出结构风致振动的实验与数值模拟的混合子结构方法,将结构和流场分为两个子结构,将实验获得的结构振动作为动边界施加在流场子结构,仅对动边界的绕流场进行CFD数值模拟。首先通过圆柱涡激振动验证混合子结构方法的可行性及精度;然后采用混合子结构方法,计算斜拉索风雨激振的气动力并施加到斜拉索上,得到斜拉索振动响应并与实验结果比较。结果表明混合子结构方法能够准确地获得斜拉索风雨激振的气动力时程。     

轿车地面效应的数值模拟

以简化的轿车模型为研究对象,利用移动边界条件进行地面效应的数值模拟,得到了轿车的气动力数据。并与同样条件下固定地面边界条件数值模拟的压力曲线进行了比较和分析,其数值模拟结果与实验值的对比表明二者吻合较好。该模拟方法基本消除了固定边界层对车身底部的影响,从而提高了地面效应数值模拟精度。     

Numerical analysis of ice accretion effects at super-cooled large droplet conditions on airfoil aerodynamics

Changes in flow field around NACA23012 airfoil from a clean condition to a super-cooled large droplet (SLD) condition were simulated, and variations in aerodynamic parameters were calculated using FLUENT. In the case of numerical simulation for a clean airfoil, flow field characteristics simulated agreed well with theory analysis, indicating that turbulence models and parameters setting are feasible. Aerodynamic parameters for iced airfoil were calculated using the same method and agreed with those measured test data under the same environment in icing wind tunnels by S. Lee. Conclusion is made that the numerical simulation is valid, and it can be an alternative to study ice accretion effects at the SLD condition on airfoil aerodynamics, leading to reduction in research cycle time and cost.

     

Numerical simulation of gurney flaps lift-enhancement on a low reynolds number airfoil

Two-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations with transition shear stress transport(SST) model were solved to investigate the effects of Gurney flaps on the aerodynamic performance of a low Reynolds number airfoil. This airfoil was designed for flight vehicles operating at 20 km altitude with freestream velocity of 25 m/s. The chord length(C) of this airfoil is 5 m and the corresponding Reynolds number is 7.76×10~5. Gurney flaps with the heights ranging from 0.25%C to3%C were investigated. It has been shown that Gurney flaps can enhance not only the prestall lift but also lift-to-drag ratio in a certain range of angles of attack. Specially, at cruise angle of attack(3°), Gurney flap with the height of 0.5%C.can increase lift-to-drag ratio and lift coefficient by 1.6% and 12.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanisms of Gurney flaps to improve the aerodynamic performance were illustrated by analyzing the surface pressure distribution, streamlines and trailing-edge flow structure for this low Reynolds number airfoil. Specially, distinguished from some other numerical researches, the flow details such as the laminar separation bubble and transition phenomena for low Reynolds number airfoil with Gurney flaps were investigated and it was found that Gurney flaps can delay the transition onset position at small angles of attack(≤2°). However, with the increase of angles of attack, Gurney flaps will promote the boundary layer transition.     

Noise reduction effect of airfoil and small-scale rotor using serration trailing edge in a wind tunnel test

This paper discussed a noise reduction effect of airfoil and small-scale model rotor by using attached serration trailing edge in the wind tunnel test condition. In order to analyze the changes in the performance due to the inclusion of a serrated trailing edge designed to reduce noise, a 10 kW wind turbine rotor was equipped with a thin serrated trailing edge. The restrictive condition for the serrated trailing edge equipped with the using of a 2D airfoil was examined through the using of a wind tunnel experiment after studying existing restrictive condition and analyzing prior research on serrated trailing edges. The aerodynamic performance and noise reduction effect of a small-scale model were investigated with the using of a serrated trailing edge. Moreover, the noise levels from the experiment were considered that the noise prediction method could be used for a full-scale rotor. It is confirmed that noise reduction effect is compared with wind tunnel test data at the 2D airfoil and model rotor condition.     

塔桅结构三维定常风场风洞试验及数值模拟

利用风洞试验对杭州湾跨海工程海中平台及观光塔模型在各种风向角下的风压分布情况进行了测试,研究了观光塔结构在不同方向风荷载作用下风压的变化情况。采用FLUENT6软件平台,选用标准κ-ε和Realizableκ-ε2种湍流模型计算了大气边界层中杭州湾跨海工程海中平台与观光塔的定常风流场,并将数值计算结果与风洞试验结果进行了比较。结果表明：基于FLUENT6的标准κ-ε和Realizable κ-ε模型均能给出工程设计要求的精度;但对建筑物的不同位置,2种模型反映的精度有所区别。该研究可为精确计算风荷载提供依据,对工程设计有较好的参考价值。     

广西某地域边界层风洞流场品质的测试

介绍了广西某地域边界层风洞流场品质的测试方法和测试数据分析，包括：试验段风速范围、紊流度，气流稳定性，流场均匀性，气流偏角等五项，测试结果说明该风洞流场品质满足结构风工程试验要求。     

城市建筑风环境的风洞模拟研究

城市建筑的高层化发展带来了不舒适的风环境问题,通过风洞模拟试验研究可以解决这一问题．从大气边界层模拟、建筑模型风洞试验、风统计特性、风环境舒适性判断等几个方面介绍了风环境风洞模拟研究方法．