物理扰动对针状焦组织结构的影响

以煤焦油沥青为原料,在磁场诱导和超声波空化条件下制备针状焦,并通过扫描电镜SEM和X射线衍射XRD分析了外界物理扰动对针状焦组织结构的影响。结果表明,磁场诱导和超声波空化均能有效地提高针状焦的有序度、石墨化度和结晶度。与超声波空化相比,磁场诱导对针状焦的影响更大,磁场诱导作用下制备的针状焦经过高温煅烧后,其石墨化度达到45.35%。     

石油焦气化反应的研究进展

介绍了石油焦气化反应的反应过程和机制,综述了石油焦在不同气化剂气氛下的研究进展,分析了不同气化反应的优缺点。在此基础上,提出了气化剂配比、高温气化反应及新型催化剂的开发将是今后研究的重点。     

荷正电膜的研究

综述了国内外近年来在荷正电膜方面的研究进展,包括荷正电膜在各方面的应用、制备方法及新的膜材料的开发等;着重提出了壳聚糖用作荷正电膜方面的价值;并且指出国内应开展对荷电膜的理论研究。     

Textural changes in metallurgical coke prepared with polyethylene

The effect of high-density polyethylene （HDPE） on the textural features of experimental coke was investigated using polar- ized-light optical microscopy and wavelet-based image analysis. Metallurgical coke samples were prepared in a laboratory-scale furnace with 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% HDPE by mass, and one sample was prepared by 100% coal. The amounts and distribution of textures （isotropic, mosaic and banded） and por~s were obtained. The calculations reveal that the addition of HDPE results in a decrease of mosaic texture and an increase of isotropic texture. Ethylene formed from the decomposition of HDPE is considered as a probable reason for the texture modifications. The approach used in this study can be applied to indirect evaluation for the reactivity and strength of coke.     

调优技术指导洁净焦的试制与研究

介绍了以石油焦粉与煤焦油沥青为原料生产灰分小于0.5%的低灰洁净焦实验,重点讨论了主要工艺参数对产品质量的影响与工艺参数优化,得到最优参数为沥青用量16%(质量百分含量)和炼焦温度1100℃.     

Effects of surface chemical properties of activated coke on selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 over commercial coal-based activated coke

Surface chemical properties of typical commercial coal-based activated cokes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and acid-base titration, and then the influence of surface chemical properties on catalytic performance of activated cokes of NO reduction with NH₃ was investigated in a fixed-bed quartz micro reactor at 150 °C. The results indicate that the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) activity of activated cokes with the increase of its surface acidic sites and oxygen content, obviously, a correlation between catalytic activity and surface acidic sites content by titration has higher linearity than catalytic activity and surface oxygen content by XPS. While basic sites content by acid-base titration have not correlation with SCR activity. It has been proposed that surface basic sites content measured by titration may not be on adjacent of acidic surface oxides and then cannot form of NO₂-like species, thus the reaction of reduction of NO with NH₃ have been retarded.     

焦炭塔操作仿真培训系统设计

为了避免焦化生产中人为原因造成的安全事故,设计了一套焦炭塔操作仿真培训系统.首先采用模块化的设计方法,每个装置都是一个单片机构成的仿真.在每个阀门模块上设置有三个按键用以模拟实际阀门的三个操作按钮,阀门模块上还设有一排发光二极管( LED)灯,在仿真过程中模拟阀门的开度,焦炭塔模块上也设有LED灯,用以模拟塔顶底盖的开度和塔内物料的百分比.然后各模块之间使用标准MODBUS-RTU协议进行连接,共同组成焦化生产工艺流程.最后该装置于内操组态系统连接,完全模拟焦炭塔的生产过程中的行为属性.因此操作员工可以在仿真系统上模拟延迟焦化的工艺流程,熟悉实际生产过程中的每一个步骤.通过实际使用,该系统能正确模拟焦炭塔的生产过程流程,方便操作工的培训.通过更改软件还可以让系统适应不同炼厂焦化操作工艺的需求.     

荷电水雾除尘的性能研究

选择适于水雾荷电的单相雾化喷咀，采用感应荷电法对雾滴荷电规律和水雾除尘效果做了系统测试，并分析了该方式下系统的几何、运行、电气等参数对雾滴荷电程度的影响。     

接地工程用高导电率煅烧石油焦炭的研制

为了研究高导碳粉添加量、烧结温度和烧结时间对煅烧石油焦炭电阻率的影响,进而优化其电阻率,采用硝酸铵溶液电化学氧化法对煅烧石油焦炭进行二次石墨化处理.通过添加高导碳粉、合理控制烧结温度和烧结时间,制备了高导电率煅烧石油焦炭.结果表明,从经济性和改性效果综合分析,宜在高导碳粉质量分数为20%,烧结温度为850 ℃,烧结时间为90~100 min的条件下进行烧结.所提出的煅烧石油焦炭石墨化方法工艺简单、成本低,可以明显提高电导率.     

Kinetic model on coke oven gas with steam reforming

The effects of factors such as the molar ratio of H2O to CH4 （n（H2O）/n（CH4））, methane conversion temperature and time on methane conversion rate were investigated to build kinetic model for reforming of coke-oven gas with steam. The results of experiments show that the optimal conditions for methane conversion are that the molar ratio of H2O to CH4 varies from 1.1 to 1.3 and the conversion temperature varies from 1 223 to 1 273 K. The methane conversion rate is more than 95% when the molar ratio of H2O to CH4 is 1.2, the conversion temperature is above 1 223 K and the conversion time is longer than 0.75 s. Kinetic model of methane conversion was proposed. All results demonstrate that the calculated values by the kinetic model accord with the experimental data well, and the error is less than 1.5%.     

入炉煤性质对捣固焦炭性能的影响

采用30种配煤方案,在堆积密度为1.1t/m3的条件下进行捣固炼焦试验,利用线性回归分析方法研究入炉煤性质对焦炭性能的影响。结果表明,焦炭性能指标与入炉煤性质指标之间具有良好的相关性;适当降低入炉煤的挥发分有利于提高焦炭的冷态机械强度,而增加入炉煤的黏结指数有利于提高焦炭的耐磨强度,但不利于提高焦炭的抗碎强度;适当降低入炉煤的挥发分和催化指数、提高其黏结指数有利于改善焦炭的高温反应性。     

Fe-Si droplets associated with graphite on blast furnace coke

Fe-Si droplets on the surface of blast furnace (BF) coke from 25 to 50 cm at the tuyere level are mostly composed of Fe3Si, which has various shapes (round, elongated, and irregular) and penetration degrees into the BF coke matrix. The shapes and penetration degrees may depend on the saturation of molten iron by silicon during interaction with the coke matrix. The droplets are covered by a tiny shell of carbon. Graphite observed inside the droplets can be divided into two categories: well-formed tabular crystals with relatively large size and flakes with structures similar as those in cast iron. The textures of the droplets reflect composition, interaction with the coke matrix, and cooling conditions.     

焦炭塔操作仿真培训系统设计

为了避免焦化生产过程中人为原因造成的安全事故,设计了一套焦炭塔操作仿真培训系统.首先采用模块化的设计方法,每个装置都是一个单片机构成的仿真.在每个阀门模块上设置有三个按键用以模拟实际阀门的三个操作按钮,阀门模块上还设有一排发光二极管( LED)灯,在仿真过程中模拟阀门的开度,焦炭塔模块上也设有LED灯,用以模拟塔顶底盖的开度和塔内物料的百分比.各模块之间使用标准MODBUS-RTU协议进行连接,共同组成焦化生产工艺流程.最后该装置与内操组态系统连接,完全模拟焦炭塔生产过程中的行为属性.因此操作员工可以在仿真系统上模拟延迟焦化的工艺流程,熟悉实际生产过程中的每一个步骤.通过实际使用,该系统能正确模拟焦炭塔的生产过程流程,方便操作工的培训.通过更改软件还可以让系统适应不同炼厂焦化操作工艺的需求.     

关于高炉焦比的联合计算

利用作者提出的高炉高温区热平衡计算方法,采用分解计算的方法,列出了求解炼的焦比和直接还原度的联立方程,方法简捷,正确,计算结果能与高炉冶炼实际状况很好吻合。文中提出的“煤气相对利用率”的概念,它能表明高炉冶炼趋近理论状态的程度,揭示理论焦比与高炉实际焦比之间的关系。本文方法是高炉焦比及其它指标计算应该采用的方法。     

无烟煤与肥煤焦炭界面结合

从配料比、堆积密度两个方面研究了由西沟肥煤与翼城无烟煤配合炼制所得焦炭的界面结合情况。研究表明 :配料中肥煤比例适当高一些 (40 %比30 % )为好。在配料比、粒度均相同的情况下 ,提高装料煤的堆积密度 (0.75→0.95→1.15),可使界面结合指数由63%提高到82 %。     

高炉用焦炭热强度指标要求及检测方法

高炉冶炼通常要求焦炭具有较低的反应性和较高的反应后强度．但焦炭反应性过低不利于提高高炉反应效率．本文对焦炭在高炉内消耗机理进行了分析,认为高炉炉身焦炭消耗量与铁矿石直接还原度相关,炉身消耗的焦炭量是比较稳定的,现有焦炭热强度评价方法存在不足．为了避免焦炭反应过度,应调整焦炭热强度指标的测定方法,如改变反应气氛或根据焦炭失重量确定反应时间,使测定结果能够合理反映炉内焦炭消耗的规律．     

活性焦改性及脱硫效果研究

采用加入金属氧化物的方法对活性焦进行改性 ,研究金属氧化物的加入对活性焦脱硫性能及再生性能的影响 ,并对活性焦改性前后的性能进行了对比实验     

7.63m特大型焦炉砌筑施工技术及要点

主要针对7.63m特大型焦炉砌筑施工技术,从工程实践效果分析其施工技术在质量、工期、成本等方面收到良好的经济效益和社会效益,现对7.63m特大型焦炉施工技术作简要介绍。