Preparation and properties of 4.25Cu-0.75Ni／NiFe2O4 cermet

4.25Cu-0.75Ni/NiFe₂O₄ cermets were prepared by doping NiFe₂O₄ ceramic matrix with the mixed powders of Cu and Ni or Cu-Ni alloy powder as the electrical conducting metallic elements. The effects of technological parameters, such as the adding modes of metallic elements, the ball milling time, the sintering time and the sintering temperature, on the relative density and resistivity of the cermets were studied. The results show that the resistivity of 4.25Cu-0.75Ni/NiFe₂O₄ cermets decreases with increasing temperature, and has a turning point at 590 °C, which is similar to that of NiFe₂O₄ ceramic. The sintering temperature and adding modes of metallic elements have a great influence on the properties of 4.25Cu-0.75Ni/NiFe₂O₄ cermets. When the sintering temperature increases from 1200 °C to 1300 °C, the relative density increases from 89.86% to 95.33%, and the resistivity at 960 °C decreases from 0.11 Ω · cm to 0.03 Ω · cm, respectively. When the metallic elements are added with the mixed powders of Cu and Ni, the cermets of finely and uniformly dispersed metallic phase, high density and electric conductivity are obtained. The relative density and resistivity at 960 °C are 90.23% and 0.04 Ω · cm respectively for the cermet samples sintered at 1200 °C for 2 h, which are both better than those of the cermets prepared under the same technique conditions but with the metallic elements added as 85Cu-15Ni alloy powders. Foundation item: Project (G1999064903) supported by the National Key Fundamental Research and Development Program of China; project(2001AA335013) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China; project (50204014) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

掺铝氧化锌复合粉体制备工艺对靶材性能的影响

以Zn(NO3)2.6H2O、Al(NO3)3.9H2O为前驱体,柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺铝氧化锌复合粉体,并通过普通烧结制备出掺铝氧化锌靶材,对制备的靶材进行测试试验,结果表明:采用两倍于金属离子摩尔浓度的柠檬酸为络合剂、pH为7.2、干燥温度为90℃时,所制备靶材的致密度及电学性能有较优值,与固相反应法相比,该靶材的性能更好,成分更均匀。     

固相配位反应法制备Cu0．30Ni0.66Mn2．04O4超细粉体

以乙酸盐和草酸为原料,采用室温固相配位反应制得Cu0.30Ni0.66Mn2.04（C2O4）·nH2O复合草酸盐,将该草酸盐在800℃煅烧2h,得到尖晶石相Cu0.30Ni0．66Mn2.04O4复合氧化物粉体。该氧化物粉体粒径均匀细小,一次粒径为-150nm;烧结活性较高,在1050℃烧结5h制得的热敏陶瓷相对密度高达-97％。     

Effect of sintering atmosphere on microstructure and properties of TiC based cermets

The effect of the sintering atmospheres （vacuum, N2, Ar） on the microstructures and properties of the TiC based cermets was studied using XRD, SEM/BSE and energy dispersive spectrometer. Compared with the alloy sintered in vacuum, the carbon content of the specimen sintered in N2 and Ar is lower by 0.5%; and the nitrogen content is higher by 0.3% when sintered in nitrogen. The central part of the ring structure may be carbide with either a high W or Ti content. The ring structures are （Ti, W, Ta, Mo, Co, Ni）C solid solutions with different metallic elements and distributions. The composition of the binder phase is （Co, Ni） solid solution with different Ti, W, Ta, Mo, C contents. The structures are uniform for the cermets sintered in vacuum and the properties are the best. When sintered in Ar or N2, the O2 and N2 in the atmosphere take part in the sintering reaction to break the carbon balance in the cermets to form a shell structure and defects, which results in poor density, microhardness （HV） and transverse rupture strength （TRS）.     

Effect of metallic content on mechanical property of Ni/（10NiO-NiFe2O4 ） cermets

1 INTRODUCTIONThe use of inert or non-consumable anodes forreplacement of consumable carbon anodes in Hall-H啨roult electrolysis cells for the production of alu-minum has been a technical and commercial goalfor many decades .In the present process ,consumable carbon an-odes are used,andthe anode product is CO2. Withaninert anode ,the cell reaction will be :Al2O3=2Al +23O2(1)The basic requirements for aninert anode are :1) to exhibit a lowcorrosion rate in the high tem-perature melts an…     

ZnFe2O4和NiFe2O4的磁热效应研究

采用水热合成法（180℃）,选择不同pH值和不同反应时间,制备出不同的ZnFe2O4和NiFe2O4磁粉,通过XRD、SEM、VSM图谱对其进行表征分析,并对其在微波磁场中的升温情况进行测量和分析．结果表明,在不同浓度、不同微波功率下,ZnFe2O4流体温度稳定在50．0℃～61．8℃;NiFe2O4流体温度稳定在52．7℃～66．2℃．     

Effect of CaO doping on corrosion resistance of Cu/(NiFe_2O_4-10NiO) cermet inert anode for aluminum electrolysis

The CaO-doped Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO) cermet inert anodes were prepared by the cold isostatic pressing-sintering process, and their corrosion resistance to Na3AlF6-K3AlF6-Al2O3 melt was studied. The results show that the relative density of 5Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO) cermet sintered at 1 200 ℃ increases from 82.83% to 97.63% when 2% CaO (mass fraction) is added. During the electrolysis, the relative density of cermet inert anode descends owing to the chemical dissolution of additive CaO at ceramic grain boundary, which...     

TiB_2/SiC陶瓷复合材料制备工艺的研究

以TiO2、B4C和C为原料,基于原位合成法在SiC基体中生成TiB2颗粒,并采用无压烧结法制备出TiB2/SiC复合陶瓷.通过对复合材料制备工艺的研究,发现：高于1 300℃的预烧结能形成TiB2/SiC复合陶瓷坯体.C含量、烧结温度和保温时间对复合材料的相对密度均有影响.当C含量（质量分数）为4%时、在1 400℃×60 min＋2000℃×30 min的烧结工艺下能够制备出致密的TiB2/SiC陶瓷复合材料.微米级TiO2粉比纳米级TiO2粉更有利于形成较致密的烧结复合材料.随着生成TiB2体积分数的增加（5%～20%）,复合材料中TiB2颗粒逐渐粗化,间距逐渐变小.对复合材料的烧结机理还进行了分析.     

CaMnO3热电材料的低温烧结研究

采用固相反应法制备CaMnO3粉末,加入Bi2O3混合、压块后,在900％烧结12h得到样品,并对样品的物相、组织和热电性能进行了测试分析。结果表明：制备出的热电材料是单相的CaMnO3,加入Bi2O3后没有形成可观测的第二相;随着Bi2O3加入量的增加,样品的平均电导率增大,温差电势减小;平均电导率随温度的增加而增加,呈半导体特性,温差电势随温度的增加而增大;加入Bi2O3促进了烧结,降低了烧结温度,改善了材料的热电性能。     

锆基非晶合金在NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为

用电化学极化曲线研究锆基非晶合金Zr53.5Cu26.5Ni5Al12Ag3在25℃和60℃温度下,在0.01 mol/L和0.1 mol/L的NaOH溶液中腐蚀100 h的腐蚀行为,并用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对腐蚀前后试样的表面形貌进行观察与分析.极化曲线的测试结果表明：锆基非晶合金在25℃下,在浓度为0.01 mol/L和0.1 mol/L的NaOH溶液中浸泡100 h,随着NaOH溶液浓度的升高,非晶合金的耐腐蚀能力下降;锆基非晶合金在25℃和60℃下,在浓度为0.01 mol/L的NaOH溶液中浸泡100 h,随着NaOH溶液温度的升高,非晶合金的耐腐蚀能力下降;锆基非晶合金和晶态合金在60℃下,在浓度为0.1 mol/L的NaOH溶液中浸泡100 h,非晶合金的耐腐蚀性能优于晶态合金.最后根据电化学腐蚀原理,从腐蚀介质温度和浓度方面的性质探讨锆基合金耐蚀性能的因素.     

Microwave sintering of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-ZrO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-WC-Co cermets

Composite powders of nanocrystalline WC-10Co (15wt%),Y2O3 (8mol%) stabilized nanocrystalline ZrO2 (30wt%),industrial cobalt powder (4.5wt%) and submicron Al2O3 (55wt%) composite powders were fabricated by high-energy ball-milling process.The nanocomposite powders were consolidated by microwave sintering process at temperature ranged 1300℃-1550℃ for 15min,respectively.The optimum consolidation conditions,such as temperature,were researched during microwave sintering process.Vickers Hardness of the consolidated cermets was measured by using a Vickers indentation test,and density of specimens was also determined by Archimedes’ principle.Microwave sintering process could not only increase the density of Al2O3-ZrO2-WC-Co cermets and reduce the porosity,but also inhibit abnormal grain growth.     

烧结温度对BN陶瓷材料强度的影响

采用热压烧结(HP)法制备纯BN陶瓷和B2O3-BN陶瓷复合材料．利用三点弯曲方法测定了这两种材料的抗弯强度、弹性模量等力学性能，通过扫描电镜对两种材料的断口进行了分析。结果表明：纯BN陶瓷烧结温度达到1800℃时相对质量密度和强度较低；添加B2O3烧结温度超过900℃时可以形成液相，改善了BN的烧结性能，提高了B2O3-BN复合陶瓷的相对质量密度，从而提高了材料的强度。     

球磨WC-8Co粉末的放电等离子烧结

对WC-8Co粉末不同球磨时间后进行放电等离子烧结,研究了球磨时间及烧结温度对WC-8Co硬质合金微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明:球磨时间延长,粉末颗粒变细,晶格畸变增加,衍射峰强度降低,并随时间延长,团聚现象严重;采用放电等离子烧结,在1 200℃时,可以得到接近全致密的烧结样品,烧结温度低于传统方法的烧结温度;球磨时间在2 h以下时,样品的致密度、硬度和断裂韧性达到最佳,晶粒较小且分布均匀;延长球磨时间,性能显著下降且出现较多粗晶、空洞、Co池等缺陷。     

烧结温度对Ni-Zn铁氧体组织和性能的影响

本文利用传统陶瓷制备工艺制备了Ni-Zn铁氧体材料,用SEM,XRD观察其微观结构,使用Agilent 4294A阻抗分析仪检测样品的磁性能.研究了不同烧结温度对Ni0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4材料的起始磁导率、功耗和显微结构的影响。结果表明,在1 250℃烧结时试样有较好的综合性能,不仅具有较高的磁导率而且损耗也较小。     

硼掺杂对Ba_2TiSi_2O_8玻璃陶瓷结构与介电性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法合成了掺杂硼的Ba2TiSi2O8(BTS-B)粉体,并将粉体压成样品在同一马弗炉分别在900、950、1 000、1 050、1 100和1 150℃下烧结成瓷。并且对陶瓷的真密度和径向收缩率进行测试以确定最佳烧结温度。实验结果表明,掺硼的BTS陶瓷的最佳烧结温度为1 050℃;硼的引入并没有影响BTS陶瓷的主晶相;硼的存在降低陶瓷的烧结温度;陶瓷的介电常数和介质损耗随着硼含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,BTS-B1.5的介电常数最大(18左右)。     

W-Ni-Fe-Cu体系钨合金的液相烧结与低温致密化

采用三元烧结剂Ni-Fe-Cu在低温下（1 573 K）进行了钨合金的液相烧结研究。通过加入2wt%Cu,在1 573 K-30 MPa-90 min的热压条件下成功制备出几乎完全致密并具有较高抗弯强度的93W-3.5Ni-1.5Fe-2.0Cu合金,详细探讨了W-Ni-Fe-Cu体系钨合金的低温致密化机理。     

圆柱形微波多模烧结腔烧结Al_2O_3陶瓷的性能

应用微波加热技术进行高纯Al2O3陶瓷烧结是一种理想的选择.本文使用一种新型的圆柱形微波多模烧结腔体进行了Al2O3陶瓷的烧结研究,该设备可在短时间内达到较高的烧结温度,并能实现坯体的整体烧结.分别对纯Al2O3粉体和Al2O3/MgO混合粉体进行了烧结实验,结果表明,添加MgO作为助烧剂烧结得到的陶瓷试样的相对密度高于纯Al2O3粉体烧结得到的陶瓷试样,在1 700℃下保温40 min,其相对密度可以达到理论密度的97.8%,维氏硬度达22.3 HV/GPa.从SEM图中可观察到试样微观结构良好,晶粒大小均匀,致密化程度高.     

Ca_3Co_4O_9的柠檬酸盐溶胶凝胶合成及其电学性能

Ca3Co4O9是一类很有前景的新型氧化物热电材料.通过柠檬酸盐溶胶凝胶法合成粉体原料,采用常压烧结方式制备所需的陶瓷体,结果表明,该种材料在化学合成时处于强酸环境,pH值小于3.把干燥后的前驱物粉末在700℃保温2 h条件下煅烧,就可以获得晶型完好的片状晶体.在100~700℃内进行电学性能测试发现,材料属于p型半导体,电阻率随温度的升高而降低,Seebeck系数随温度的升高而增加,功率因子随着温度的升高而增大,且在600℃以后递增幅度加大.     

喷射沉积含Sc超高强铝合金固溶处理组织与性能分析

采用金相、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析方法,研究了不同工艺条件下喷射沉积Al-12Zn-2.4Mg-1.1Cu-0.20Zr-0.30Sc-0.30Ni合金的微观组织与力学性能.结果表明,过喷粉颗粒的大小为3~15μm,是沉积坯等轴晶平均直径的1/6~3/4;挤压坯经460℃/0.5 h+480℃/2 h二级固溶处理后Zn,Mg,Cu等溶质元素回溶到Al基体中,固溶后未见形成W(ScCu6.6~4Al5.4~8)相,合金抗拉强度由挤压态的410 MPa增加到固溶态的750 MPa,增幅为82.9%;再经T6时效后合金的抗拉强度可达855 MPa.凝固过程形成的粗大难溶DO23结构Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子是影响合金抗拉强度的重要原因.     

LiNbO3/Al2O3复合材料的制备及其力学性能

为了研究铁电相LiNbO3对Al2O3陶瓷材料结构及其力学性能的影响,以Al2O3 Nb2O5 和LiCO3为主要原料,分别通过高温固相法和热压烧结法,制备LiNbO3/Al2O3复合材料.对制备的复合材料进行物相分析,抗折强度的测试以及显微形貌观察.结果发现：LiNbO3的加入有利于促进Al2O3的烧结,降低了Al2O3陶瓷的烧结温度.当烧结温度超过1 200℃时,复合材料的主晶相仍然为LiNbO3和Al2O3,但由于少量Li元素挥发,生成物相LiNb3O8.在1 200℃保温3h,通过高温固相法烧结,5vol％ LiNbO3/95vol％ Al2O3复合材料的抗弯强度达到了最高,为162.34MPa.在1 300℃,150MPa（保温保压1h）热压烧结制备的15 vol％ LiNbO3/85 vol％ Al2O3复合材料致密度为92.82％,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为393.94 MPa和2.38 MPa· m1/2.该复合材料中的LiNbO3晶粒出现了非180°畴结构,这种电畴结构有利于改善材料的力学性能.